Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the pass-组卷网

题型：语法填空-短文语填难度：0.15 引用次数：1124 题号：17443134

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

“The dangerous thing about lying is people don’t understand how the act changes us,” says Dan Ariely, behavioural psychologist at Duke University. Psychologists have documented children lying as early as the age of two. Lying is even considered 1 developmental milestone, like crawling and walking, with sophisticated planning and attention 2 (require). But, for most people, lying gets increasingly limited as we develop a sense of morality and the ability to self-regulate.

According to Ariely, lying takes work. In studies, he gave subjects a chance to deceive for monetary gains while examining their brains in a functional MRI machine. Some people told the truth instantly. But others opted to lie, and they showed increased activity in their frontal parietal(颅腔壁的)control network, which is involved in complex thinking. It suggested that they were deciding between truth and dishonesty, and after thinking about it, 3 (choose) the latter. For a follow-up analysis, he found that people whose neural(神经的)reward centers were 4 (active) when they won money were less likely to be among the group of liars, and the opposite was seen among those so-called habitual liars, suggesting that lying 5 have to do with the inability to resist temptation.

External conditions also matter in terms of when and how often we lie. We are more likely to lie, research shows, when we see others being dishonest. And we are less likely to lie when we think others are watching. “We 6 a society need to understand that, when we don’t punish lying, we increase the probability of 7 happening again, influencing all of us,” Ariely said.

In a 2016 study, Ariely and colleagues showed how dishonesty alters people’s brains, making it easier to tell lies in the future. When people told a lie, the scientists noticed a burst of activity in their amygdala, a crucial part of the brain that produces fear and guilt. But when scientists had their subjects 8 (play) a game in which they won money by deceiving their partner, they noticed the negative signals from the amygdala began to decrease. “Not only that,” said Ariely in an interview with National Science Channel, “ 9 people tended to lie more when they faced no consequences for dishonesty. This means that if you give people multiple opportunities to lie for their own benefit, they start with little lies, 10 get bigger over time.”

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更新时间：2022/11/30 18:34:24 |

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【知识点】科普知识

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语法填空-短文语填(约380词) | 困难 (0.15)

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。从科学的角度对被戏称为“魔鬼三角”的百慕大三角进行了揭秘。

【推荐1】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

The Mystery is No Mystery

The area of ocean between Florida, Puerto Rico, and Bermuda, known as the Bermuda Triangle, is the source of much mystery. Over the centuries, reports of ships and planes disappearing 1 a trace have seized the public attention, leading the zone 2 (nickname) “The Devil’s Triangle.” Suggested causes for these mysterious disappearances range front supernatural powers to underwater alien bases. However, there is a more basic question to ask: Do more craft really disappear in the Bermuda Triangle than in any similarly trafficked area? The answer, 3 it turns out, is no.

The Bermuda Triangle covers a vast 700,000 square-kilometer swathe of ocean. Close to the equator(赤道)and near the United States, it is a particularly busy patch of sea with heavy traffic. According to Lloyd’s of London and the U. S. Coast Guard, 4 you were to compare the number of disappearances to the large quantity of ships and planes that have passed through the Bermuda Triangle, you would find that there 5 (be) nothing out of the ordinary about the area.

These days, new theories are being put forward, with a bit of scientific truth to them. Some have attributed Bermuda Triangle disappearances to explosive releases of methane (甲烷) gas, 6 (trap) as methane hydrate inside water molecules beneath the cold seabed of the deep ocean. Such blowouts could potentially release a giant amount of gas that could cause the sea to bubble like it was boiling, which could possibly sink ships because the resulting bubbles would be much 7 (thick) than the water on which large ships normally float. The gas could also rise into the sky, 8 (produce) a mixture of five to 15 percent methane which could explode on contact with the engine exhaust of a hot airplane.

The only problem with this theory is that scientists won’t be able to tell with much certainty if this is a factor 9 the ocean floor is mapped in greater detail. It remains to be seen 10 they will succeed in their attempt to clear up the Bermuda Triangle “mystery” this time around.

2024-03-21更新 | 575次组卷

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名校

【推荐2】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Bigger isn’t always better. People who are doubtful about this argument just need to look at smartphones and personal computers, which have served as the technological driving force 1 the social development of the past century. It is the continual shrinkage of components that have caused the explosion of computing power and enabled these gadgets to be accessible to people across the world.

Inspired by this, researchers and scientists have been working on areas 2 making things small may mean big results. And this year, the Nobel Prize has broken the tradition of celebrating big by presenting the biggest prizes to discoveries on the smallest scales.

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to a cellular-level experiment. The committee gave the award to Yoshinori Ohsumi of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, for his research on “autophagy”, 3 “self-eating” process seen in cells.

What’s more, in recognition of their working on the strange properties of matter in extreme states and 4 (take) their research all the way down to an atomic scale, the Nobel Prize for physics was awarded to three British-born scientists who currently work in the U.S.

Another exceptional new field is 5 of nano-technology. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to a scientist who managed to build the world’s tiniest machines out of molecules. Small 6 the subjects are, the benefits of the scientists’ research are set to be huge. More importantly, their invention may even eventually be turned into products that benefit mankind.

The ground-breaking discoveries in physics, “have started a firestorm of research, and it will only be less than a generation 7 their research leads to advances as unimaginable to us now as lasers and computer chips were a hundred years ago, ” Laura H. Greene, president-elect of the American Physical Society told The New York Times.

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【推荐3】Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Why modern music should quieten down

Quietness may be underestimated values in pop music. 1 (look) up “the loudest band in the world” and you will be confronted with a large number of rock giants from Manowar who proudly achieved a sound pressure level of 139 dB to Motor-head. The pickings are slim 2 we substitute “quiet” for “loud”.

In a way, increasing the volume of a song makes biological sense, something the music industry 3 (exploit) since the jukebox era. There is an organ in the inner ear called sacculus that in linked to a region of the brain 4 (associate) with pleasure and react to low-frequency vibrations over 90 dB.

On the other hand, 5 (focus) sorely on loudness ignores the infinitely more subtle appeal of being quiet. A French band called “Air”, 6 twenty-years collection was released on June 10, are masters of the art. As any teacher knows, quietness can be more effective than shouting to make people pay attention. Air employed this gentle persuasion on Moon Safari, an album that attracts the listener 7 the peaceful sound of rain and muted drums. Even when Air do increase the volume, the vocalist's voice remains one of 8 (gentle) noises in pop. Given its warmth and peacefulness, it is no coincidence 9 the album was a favourite among clubbers after a night out. It is a time when the desire for kindness, companionship and warmth prevails.

So forget the “loudness war”. Manowar 10 be happy with their 139 dB, but they are comprehensively defeated by fireworks, which reach 145 to 150 dB when they explode, and the call of the blue whale, which goes all the way up to 188 dB. Now that' something to shout about.

2021-10-19更新 | 1335次组卷

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