Pet lovers were very angry. Last May, a news article online said three states had passed laws limiting the number of pets that each household could have to only two. The news spread quickly, as many people shared the article on Facebook and other social media sites. But pet owners had nothing to worry about----the article was made-up.
Many fake (虚假的) news are harmless, but others might have played a role in real-world events. When it comes to online news, even adults can have a hard time telling fact from fiction. Education experts say kids should start learning how to tell the difference.
Of course, there are plenty of reputable websites you can visit to read the news. Well-known news organizations, such as The New York Times and the Associated Press, have their own sites.
But many other online "news" sources aren't always reliable. And many students have trouble finding out when articles aren't entirely true or are trying to persuade them to think in a certain way.
Why would someone purposely publish an article that isn't true? The most common reason is to make money. Websites are paid by the companies that post ads on them. Companies want to place their ads on sites that get a lot of visitors. So people create fake news with attention-catching headlines to try to get users to click on them.
Some of the biggest websites are trying to stop the flow of fake news. Last November, Facebook and Google banned fake news sites from advertising on their pages. Facebook is also working with fact-checking organizations to identify and flag fake articles. But experts say the best way to slow the spread of fake news is for people to be more skeptical(’怀疑的) of what they read online.
1. What's the author's purpose of writing the first paragraph?| A．To make readers focus on fake news. |
| B．To introduce the topic about fake news. |
| C．To state the reasons for fake news' spread. |
| D．To inform readers of some media websites. |
| A．Popular. | B．Colorful. |
| C．Official. | D．Honest |
| A．People create fake news to make money. |
| B．The growing trend of fake news raises concerns. |
| C．It's unnecessary for kids to be able to spot fake news. |
| D．Most school children can easily recognize fake news. |
| A．To Limit the use of headlines. |
| B．To pass laws to limit the number to post news. |
| C．To encourage reader to be doubtful about what they read online. |
| D．To develop the system of fact-checking and flagging fake news. |
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【推荐1】China-chic is a term that describes the trend of China-centric design. It demonstrates the rise of Chinese brands. Before we discuss whether or not the term is accurate, and reasons thereof, it is important to first figure out who are the main consumers of these Chinese brands.
Generation Z, the young consumers born between the mid-1990s and the early 2010s, have been raised on the Internet and social media. They are gradually moving toward maturity. They have naturally become the main force that drives China’s consumer market.
Most young people earn their own incomes. Even if they don’t, their parents and family members will support them financially. So their purchasing power is stronger than prior generations of youth.
Besides, today’s young people have had access to various domestic and foreign brands since they were born. For them, global brands such as KFC. McDonald’s, L’Oreal and Nike are just everyday consumer goods. Unlike the previous generations in China, they do not look up to global brands with admiration.
As members of Generation Z are taking the center stage in the consumer market, full of confidence, personalities and awareness of investing in themselves, they almost determine its present and the future. This factor plays a key role in the global economy. That is to say, whichever brand, domestic or global, that pays attention to Generation Z first and satisfies the group’s needs will get a head start.
It is the Chinese companies more than others that truly respect the uniqueness of Generation Z’s demands. A typical example is Chinese sportswear brand Li-Ning. Although the domestic sportswear market is still dominated by global brands like Nike and Adidas, Li-Ning has succeeded in using “China-chic” as a way to show self-confidence of the Chinese young people. By wearing Li-Ning’s products, a consumer is telling others: “I’m different from you. I have my own personality traits.”
Inspired by Li-Ning, other Chinese brands including Anta and Feiyue also launched products to satisfy the demands of the new generation of consumers.
1. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ______.| A．introduce the topic | B．present an argument |
| C．reach a conclusion | D．propose a definition |
| A．Generation Z make money all by themselves. |
| B．Generation Z have more buying power than their parents. |
| C．Generation Z treat brands at home and abroad equally. |
| D．Generation Z consume global brands every day. |
| A．dominate Chinese sportswear market | B．meet the needs of Generation Z |
| C．learn from Generation Z | D．determine their own future |
| A．It’s a typical Chinese company. |
| B．It is confident of success. |
| C．Chinese brands are starting to respect the unusual needs of Generation Z’s. |
| D．Chinese brands have ruled the domestic sportswear market. |
| A．Why do Chinese brands impress Generation Z? | B．The uniqueness of Generation Z. |
| C．The choice of Generation Z. | D．Sportswear brands and their future. |
【推荐2】Across the world, studies have consistently found that girls perform significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude toward reading.
There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls, girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.
So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?
To improve boys’ reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called “boy-friendly” books that boys supposedly “prefer” These are typically assumed to be non-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.
But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.
Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.
Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during class. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.
In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows that boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.
1. According to the author, what is the main cause of the difference in boys’ and girls’ reading ability?| A．Social factors. |
| B．Teaching methods. |
| C．Personal preferences. |
| D．Psychological differences. |
| A．To persuade boys to read more often. |
| B．To learn what boys are most interested in. |
| C．To help boys improve their language ability. |
| D．To show that adults are good reading role models. |
| A．Before and after class. |
| B．At any time of the school day. |
| C．At regular times during class. |
| D．When they are in the lower grades. |
| A．To show students ways to improve their reading. |
| B．To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls. |
| C．To urge governments to provide more reading resources. |
| D．To provide strategies that can help improve boys’ reading ability. |
【推荐3】 A core human need is validation (认可) that experience of feeling seen and understood. We long for it. We don't feel safety, belonging or mattering without it. According to Oprah Winfrey, who has interviewed thousands upon thousands of people from ordinary folks to world leaders and highly successful business people, they all ask her the same question after the interview: "Did I do OK?"
In seeking validation many people talk without listening first. We are eager to make our next point and be validated. So we don't listen. While the other person is speaking, we are arranging our next piece of brilliance and persuasion in our minds. When we're told we need to be more "present" or even told to talk less, we start out with the best intentions, but soon find ourselves competing for airtime.
As leaders, part of our job is to find our validation elsewhere and give the gift of listening to our team.
Here's how you can help yourself become a more successful listener: ask more questions. Ask questions and actually listen for the answer and keep your mouth closed until it's time to ask the next question. Try keeping the ratio of questions to you offering your opinion at 80% questions to 20% your opinion.
In a team, especially if you are learning to collaborate better, try a few meetings using a device like a talking stick (only the person holding the stick can talk) to ensure that everyone gets equal airtime. The "talking stick" concept comes from Native American traditions but can be any object that is culturally appropriate for your team﹣even a pen will do.
In the age of organizations as living organisms, listening is the skill that will help your team soar—and give them the emotional experience they long for.
1. Why did people ask "Did I do OK?" after the interview?| A．They are not confident about themselves. |
| B．They want to show off before the host. |
| C．They all long to be validated. |
| D．They seldom have the chance to be interviewed. |
| A．how to seek validation |
| B．why we don't listen |
| C．when to make our next point |
| D．what is the best intention |
| A．Find validation in your team. |
| B．Keep your mouth closed. |
| C．Ask 80 questions and offer 20 opinions. |
| D．Raise more questions. |
| A．To follow Native American traditions |
| B．To help the team rise in spirits |
| C．To check that everyone gets the same airtime |
| D．To strengthen the importance of a meeting |
【推荐1】Tiny microbes(微生物)are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas. Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide into soil-enriching limestone(石灰石)，with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas, such as West Africa.
Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry, acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌)and other bacteria, not only does the tree grow well, it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its root.
The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO2 from the atmosphere. The bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limestone. The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil, keeping it out of the atmosphere. In addition to storing carbon in the trees, leaves and in the form of limestone, the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.
The discovery could lead to reforestation(重新造林)projects in tropical countries, and help reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in the developing world. It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia, Haiti and India.
The findings were made in a three-year project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh, Granada, Lausanne and Delft University of Technology. The project examined several microbiological methods of locking CO2 as limestone, and the Iroko-bacteria way showed best results. Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies (FET) scheme.
Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburgh's School of GeoSciences, who led the research, said: "By taking advantage of this natural limestone-producing process, we have a low-tech, safe, readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere, while improving farming conditions in tropical countries?5
1. The passage is mainly introducing .| A．some useful natural fungi and bacteria |
| B．a newly-found tree in West Africa |
| C．a new way to deal with greenhouse gas |
| D．the soil-enriching limestone created by scientists |
| A．Most tiny microbes like living in dry, acidic soil. |
| B．Tiny microbes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil. |
| C．The more greenhouse gas is, the more active tiny microbes become. |
| D．CO2 can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria. |
| A．Soil. | B．Carbon. | C．Carbon dioxide. | D．Limestone. |
| A．The action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth. |
| B．Researchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years, |
| C．West Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world. |
| D．Researchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem. |
| A．has been popularized in Bolivia, Haiti and India |
| B．can save a lot of seriously destroyed woods |
| C．can be used to improve the farming land |
| D．should be spread all around the world in the future |
【推荐2】Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website Book Crossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register (登记) the books they own and would like to share. Book Crossing provides an identification number (识别码) to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of Book Crossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. Book Crossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
Book Crossing is part of a trend (趋势) among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual (虚拟).The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty—five countries.
1. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?| A．To explain what they are. | B．To introduce Book Crossing. |
| C．To stress the importance of reading. | D．To encourage readers to share their ideas. |
| A．An adventure. | B．A public place. | C．The book. | D．The identification number. |
| A．Keep it safe in his bookcase. | B．Mail it back to its owner. |
| C．Meet other readers to discuss it. | D．Pass it on to another reader. |
| A．Negative. | B．Indifferent. | C．Doubtful. | D．Favorable. |
【推荐3】Every woman dreams of receiving a huge, sparkling and priceless diamond. Now scientists have discovered the largest diamond in the universe.
But it’s well beyond the reach of the most lovestruck men — 50 light years to be precise. Space scientists revealed that they had discovered a ten billion trillion trillion carat gem. Measuring 2,500 miles across and weighing five million trillion trillion pounds, the rock was found on Valentine's Day buried in the core of a white dwarf star in the constellation Centaurus.
“It’s the mother of all diamonds,” said Travis Metcalfe, who led the team of researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for Astrophysics in America.
“You would need a jeweller’s loupe the size of the Sun to grade this diamond.” Named Lucy, after the Beatles' song Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds, the rock has sent a ripple of excitement through the scientific world.
The largest diamond found on earth was the 3,106-carat Cullinan. It was cut into nine major stones, including the 530-carat Star of Africa, now a part of the Crown Jewels. Diamonds were first discovered in India more than 2,800 years ago. The Ancient Romans believed that the stones were splinters of stars that had tumbled to earth.
In Ancient Egypt, diamonds were symbols of eternity and were used in funeral rites. In the Middle Ages, men wore them to symbolize their courage and virility. The tradition of giving them as love tokens dates from 1477, when Archduke Maximilian of Austria gave a diamond ring to Mary of Burgundy.
1. The largest diamond in the universe________.| A．was found 50 years ago | B．was in the centre of a white dwarf star |
| C．was too large to measure | D．could be graded by a common jeweller's loupe |
| A．Diamonds have symbolized love since 1477. |
| B．The largest diamond on earth was found 2,800 years ago. |
| C．The Crown Jewels was totally made of the 530-carat Star of Africa. |
| D．At present, men wear diamonds to symbolize their courage and virility. |
| A．Diamond — a must on important occasions |
| B．Love — the symbolism of diamonds |
| C．Discovery — the largest diamond in the world |
| D．Diamond — the dream of women |
【推荐1】Keeping pace with teachers is a fine way to study English. Teachers are experienced and their plans are systematic. But remember to work in a way that suits you. It's important to learn from past mistakes as well. Keep a notebook to make a record of the mistakes you make — It'll help you avoid making the same ones later.
The time of life may be hard, but you're not alone. You may be busy studying, but you can show your care by calling your friends or sending short messages. Don't let your friendships die.
It's as important to live well as it is to study well. Going to bed no later than 11:30 pm is important. It puts you in the right mood for the next day. You needn't follow a special diet, but make sure you are eating nutritious meals each day.
The person who plays well studies well. Having a lot of schoolwork doesn't mean having to give up other activities. Playing basketball or having a talk with your classmates can relax yourself.Time out is not a waste of time but helps you study more efficiently.
Besides taking the College Entrance Examination, you have other choices for college. Some students even apply for studying abroad. Pay attention to the useful information you can find, whether it's from school, the news media or other sources.
1. What should you do if you want to keep your friendship fresh?| A．Have frequent talks with them. | B．Always have lunch with them. |
| C．Make them at some distance. | D．Keep connected by some means. |
| A．health | B．friendship | C．relaxation | D．study |
| A．An activity without a break. | B．Sleeping outdoors. |
| C．A pause from studying. | D．Studying outside. |
| A．Headmasters. | B．Students. | C．Teachers. | D．Parents. |
【推荐2】Scientists think they have the answer to a puzzle that confused even Charles Darwin： How flowers evolved and spread to become the most important plants on earth．
Flowering plants, or angiosperms (被子植物), make up about 90% of all living plant species,but how they did this has been a mystery. New research suggests it is due to genome (基因组) size．
Hundreds of millions of years ago,the earth was dominated by ferns (蕨类)and conifers(针叶树) - they were the main plants on the earth． Then, about 150 million years ago， the first flowering plants appeared on earth. They quickly spread to all parts of the world．
Why angiosperms were successful and diverse on earth has been debated for centuries.Charles Darwin himself called it a "mystery", fearing this apparent sudden change might challenge his theory of evolution．
Kevin Simonin from San Francisco State University in California US and other researchers analyzed data held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew， on the genome size of hundreds of plants, including flowering plants, gymnosperms (a group of plants including conifers) and ferns. They then compared genome size with anatomical (结构上的) features. This provides "strong evidence" that the success and rapid spread of flowering plants around the world is due to "genome downsizing"．
By reducing the size of the genome, which is contained within the nucleus (核) of the cell, plants can build smaller cells. The researchers say genome-downsizing happened only in the angiosperms, and this was "a necessary condition for rapid growth rates among land plants"．
1. What do we know about angiosperms？ ______| A．They are superior in number among all living plant species． |
| B．They controlled the earth for hundreds of millions of years． |
| C．They challenge Charles Darwin's theory． |
| D．They are extinct plants in the world． |
| A．Simonin works in the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew |
| B．Simonin is probably an American biologist |
| C．Darwin was confident of his theory of evolution |
| D．Darwin succeeded in figuring out the flower evolution |
| A．The weaker ferns and conifer． |
| B．The larger nucleus． |
| C．The stronger cell． |
| D．The smaller genome． |
| A．Why were gymnosperms successful on earth？ |
| B．What puzzle confused even Charles Darwin？ |
| C．Why angiosperms dominated the earth？ |
| D．When angiosperms outnumbered conifers and Ferns？ |
【推荐3】Google Street View is certainly a handy feature. You can get a look at a hotel you’re planning to book to see what kind of area it's in. You can also tell if it looks like it's worth the money by the clear pictures. You can scan around a place you've never been to before to see where to park and plan accordingly. So how does Google Street View have pictures, for that matter?
The primary way they get their photos is with their Google Street View cars, which have special cameras that take photographs as they drive down public streets. Once the photographs have been taken, they immediately use computer processing to make them ready for use on Google Maps. The image-processing technology stick the photos to create the seamless （无缝的） 360-degree images that you'll see on Street View.
Contributions from people can help keep Street View images updated. If there's a tiny county that doesn't have Google Street View cars, or a very geographically remote location where cars wouldn't be available, Google can use images from its volunteers. Volunteers like Herve Andrieu, an enthusiastic Google local guide and editor of googlemaps. guru have 67,000 photos on Google Maps.
In addition, Google also has a couple of other types of vehicles better equipped to handle rough land than cars. There are trolleys, snowmobiles, and three-wheelers, as well as a Street View Trekker. This portable equipment allows people to bring the camera with them to get images that cars never could.
1. What is the text mainly about?| A．The advantages of Google Street View. |
| B．The ways for Google Street View to get pictures. |
| C．The portable equipment for Google Street View. |
| D．The technology of making 360-degree Google images. |
| A．Volunteers. |
| B．Map editors. |
| C．Portable equipment. |
| D．Google Street View cars. |
| A．A tech website. | B．A travel guide. |
| C．A fashion magazine. | D．An app advertisement. |
【推荐1】The first time I went to France, I was shocked by the cultural differences in daily routines and manners. Born and brought up in Britain, I used to believe that we share the same cultural manners with our European neighbour. But how wrong I was!
The most challenging difference for me was the food and eating time. After one month of living here, I still got strange looks as I ate my homemade sandwiches behind a computer screen while the other colleagues enjoyed a three-course meal in the canteen. They also had a two-hour "pause" which seemed to involve every employee in France. What's more, having evening meals at 6 pm was a common habit for people from the north of England, like me. Therefore, an evening meal at 9 pm was quite challenging for my stomach. After realising the fact that the local snacks were worth the wait, however, I quickly accustomed to this more relaxing way of life, which was hard to imagine before I came here.
Another aspect of French food and drink culture that I found hard to adapt to at first is the cafe culture. I am getting used to a quick espresso(浓咖啡 ), but deep down I have to admit that when catching up with an old friend, nothing suits more than a tall latte(1#)and a slice of homemade cake, preferably in a comfortable English tea room
Finally, there go greetings. At home I feel comfortable shaking someone's hand on the first meeting. So when I greeted a stranger with two kisses on the cheeks, I felt slightly out of my comfort zone. I do,though, appreciate this part of the French culture.
Being exposed to cultural differences is a unique experience which makes you appreciate your roots more and open your eyes to the diversity of the world.
1. What do we know about the food and eating time in France?| A．French people eat a quick lunch at work. |
| B．French people have a three-course meal in the evening. |
| C．French people usually eat evening meals at 6 pm. |
| D．An evening meal at 9 pm is quite common in France. |
| A．used | B．adapted | C．abandoned | D．refused |
| A．Comfortable . | B．Challenging but enriching . | C．Hard to adapt to. | D．Unworthy. |
【推荐2】The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before. Changes for the better, changes for the worse, changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.
Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe. It has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.
The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings; in pure science -a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science -a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.
Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.
William Shakespeare said, ''The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together. ''The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activities-science -seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?
1. From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that ______.| A．a great many nuclear weapons were actually used for war |
| B．a large number of nuclear weapons should have been used for war |
| C．the author is doubtful about the ruin of human beings by nuclear war |
| D．the author is anxious about the huge number of nuclear weapons on the earth |
| A．simple | B．mixed | C．sad | D．happy |
| A．Further application of science to war. |
| B．More reading of William Shakespeare. |
| C．Proper use of science in the new century. |
| D．Effective ways to separate the good from the ill. |
【推荐3】Music died here last spring，or rather，it was killed by members of the school committee who ignored the importance of music and drama as part of the high school curriculum.
The committee decide that teaching students how to take a standardized test is more important than a curriculum in which students can explore their interests in the arts.Because the school system is running out of funding，it needs to make sure that students pass the test or even more money will be lost.If students fail the state standardized test，it is not the fault of drama and music classes.They are failing because the“academic”classes are in deficiency in a way.
It is painful to think of how many students will be discouraged from singing，acting，and playing instruments because school programs are no longer offered.Many families cannot afford private music lessons，and many potential musicians and artists may not find their callings if they are not exposed to the arts in school.The fact that the school committee thinks the arts are not worth the investment will certainly make some students believe the arts are not worth their time or support and the cycle will continue.
Teaching for a test does not shape students into well rounded people.It blocks the natural sense to create and express feelings through the arts—there is more to life than the analytical thinking that math and English provide.What happens after a test？Sure，a student might graduate，but they will have limited knowledge—certainly not a good preparation for the real world.
1. Music and drama are removed from the high school curriculum in that________.| A．some students fail the state standardized test |
| B．fewer and fewer students love to attend them |
| C．the school curriculum has been changed |
| D．the school is afraid of losing financial support |
| A．Not enough. | B．Too many. |
| C．Too boring. | D．Not proper. |
| A．motivate students in creativity and expression |
| B．make students roundshaped people in future |
| C．provide students with careful thinking |
| D．prevent students from graduating from high school |
| A．Humorously. | B．Bitterly. |
| C．Excitedly. | D．Mildly. |
