1 . As a type of dwelling (住宅) in China, cave dwellings (yaodong in Chinese) still can be found in many places of China. According to official statistics, there are still 40 million people living in such dwellings in China.
As early as the New Stone Age, using a wooden framework, grass and soil, families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains. Over 4, 000 years ago, the real caves started to be constructed, which could be related to the natural surroundings. In the areas that were popular with such dwellings, there was very thick loess (黄土). People made full use of the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings.
A cave is usually 6-8 meters long, around 3 meters wide and around 3 meters high. From the outside, it comes in the shape of an arc (拱形), which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and Ground is square”. Furniture in these caves is very simple, such as a wooden table, wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform (kang in Chinese).
The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter. The natural architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the changes of the environment or weather. Besides, its creation does not damage the environment or occupy farmland. Another feature is that you will feel quite quiet inside.
In Yan’an in northern Shaanxi, a family usually has 3 to 5 caves. The middle one is the chief house, in which the grandparents or parents live. At the bottom right of each dwelling, people usually leave a small pass for their pets, such as cats or dogs, to go through. When constructing the gate for the whole yard, there is a traditional taboo that none of the caves should be in line with the gate. Otherwise, bad luck may fall upon this family.
1. What can we know about cave dwellings?A.They were built using wood, grass, and bamboo. |
B.They are a very popular kind of house in the world. |
C.They have been around for about 2, 000 years. |
D.They are usually found in areas with thick loess. |
A.Arc-shaped. | B.Square-shaped. | C.Round-shaped. | D.Rectangular-shaped. |
A.It is quiet inside. | B.It does not occupy farmland. |
C.It is environmentally friendly. | D.It is warm in winter and cool in summer. |
A.To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings. |
B.To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers. |
C.To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings. |
D.To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave dwellings. |
The opening ceremony (开幕式) of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was
3 . Edinburgh Festivals
The Edinburgh Festivals in 2024 are set to bring a wave of colour and huge excitement to the city.
Edinburgh Festivals 2024 Dates
Edinburgh Science Festival—30 March—14 April 2024
Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival—12—21 July 2024
The Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo—2—24 August 2024
Edinburgh International Festival—August 2024
Edinburgh Art Festival—August 2024
Edinburgh International Book Festival—August 2024
What are the Edinburgh Festivals like?
Listen to top class live music when incredible musicians from all over the world roll into town for the Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival. There’ll hardly be time to catch your breath before Edinburgh Art Festival launches, an unmissable opportunity to see wonderful visual works created by talented Scottish and international artists.
Let’s not forget about the Edinburgh International Book Festival, where you can join author readings, Q&As and talks covering all types of literature.
Edinburgh Festivals Tips
To help you make the most of visiting the festivals, we’ve prepared some handy tips:
Charge your phone (and bring a portable charger if you have one) so that you can check out the online programmes.
Wear comfy shoes—a day at the festivals can mean lots of walking.
Check the weather forecast—Edinburgh often experiences four seasons in one day! Make sure to pack a light rain jacket in case of a sudden downpour.
Start your day early so you can secure the best festival tickets and see the most popular visitor attractions before they get too busy.
Head to the Edinburgh VisitScotland iCentre on the Royal Mile and pick up a map to get your bearings.
1. When is the best time to experience Edinburgh Festivals?A.During summer. | B.In winter. |
C.Over Christmas. | D.On Thanksgiving day. |
A.Edinburgh Science Festival. | B.Edinburgh International Festival. |
C.Edinburgh Jazz and Blues Festival. | D.Edinburgh International Book Festival. |
A.Bring an extra phone. | B.Prepare thick coats. |
C.Buy a map online. | D.Wear comfortable shoes. |
Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.
Pillows have been used in China for thousands of years and hold a significant place in Chinese culture. In modern times, we enjoy a wide range of pillows
Based on historical records, the development of pillows in China can be learned
The origins of pillows can be traced back to the middle Paleolithic period. During that time, people
References to pillows can also be found in historical documents in ancient China. For instance, a stanza of Shijing, the
During the Warring States period, pillows in China presented a certain level of craftsmanship and
Is it necessary to practise handwriting? Some students consider handwriting least important than before. They preferred the keyboard to the pen now, for the former is fast, convenient and clear. They think it is waste of time practising handwriting. However, others think Chinese handwriting is an important part of our traditional culture.
Though computers are very convenient, but handwriting still plays an important role in the modern world. Beside, beautiful handwriting makes a good impression in others. It shows your attitude to do things. Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture. As for me, when reading a neatly writing article, you will feel pleased and relaxed.
What can we infer about those mummies?
A.They had their own characteristic in culture. |
B.Their genes had much in common with their neighbors. |
C.They seemed to isolate themselves from other groups. |
D.They developed faster than others. |
8 . Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times. Whatever your taste, there’s a food festival to match — no matter how specialized.
1. Meatopia
This three-day, London-based festival takes place at the end of August and is a meat lover’s paradise. In addition to a range of legally sourced meat products, from juicy burgers to tender steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery demonstrations, and attend informal meat-based workshops.
2. The National Honey Show
If you have a sweet tooth, then it could be that the National Honey Show, which started in 1921 and is the largest event of its kind, is the place for you to be. This three-day event attracts many local entries who showcase their sweet golden honey, some of which is sold globally.
3. The Orange Sauce Festival
Have you heard about a festival that is devoted only to orange sauce? Held in Cumbria, this sweet, fragrant festival has been running for 3 years. What attracts people most is a competition to find the best homemade orange sauce. There are thousands of participants from over 30 different countries across the globe, bringing their local snacks to share here.
4. The Ginger and Spice Festival
If you’d prefer something with a little more kick to it, then you could attend The Ginger (姜) and Spice Festival held in Market Drayton. Unlike other food festivals, it celebrates its town’s historic connection to Robert Clive, who returned from India with ginger. Because of this, they specialize in baking gingerbread, but also sell a range of traditional spices from mild to hot.
1. What do Meatopia and the National Honey Show have in common?A.Both of them last for three days. | B.Both of them hold workshops. |
C.Both of them originated from London. | D.Both of them have a long history. |
A.The Meatopia. | B.The Ginger and Spice Festival. |
C.The National Honey Show. | D.The Orange Sauce Festival. |
A.It has something to do with a historic figure. |
B.The ginger used in the festival is from India. |
C.It sells spicy food. |
D.The food is cooked by Robert Clive. |
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Brother and sister. | B.Father and daughter. | C.Mother and son. |
A.By making a nice jacket. |
B.By holding a surprise party. |
C.By creating a handmade book. |