1 . Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. identically     B. beaten     C. lanes     D. curiously     E. changing     F. hit     G. cold     H. sample     I. rising     J. differently     K. friction

To see the country, road trips are the only way to go

I am not an enthusiastic air traveler. Bustling through airports, getting checked by security, and standing in lines leave me     1    . But road trips are different. While the transit time is longer, opportunities to get off the     2     path make it worthwhile. I see places and interact with people and cultures that I otherwise tend to miss, rediscovering how far you can go and how much you can experience without leaving the United States. So, when my son said he wanted to tour the Kansas State University campus after receiving an admission offer, we threw our luggage and a case of bottled water in the car and     3     the highway. One attraction of traveling at the speed of a car is the transitions. Arizona’s Meteor Crater, Two Guns, and Painted Desert give way to New Mexican villages, then farm towns. Red rocks become open plains where grain elevators are the only features     4     above endless miles of flatness.

That flatness poses an unexpected challenge when there’s nothing to step behind. Eating on the road can also be a challenge. For basic sustenance, Anthony and I relied on Subway sandwich shops, which offer the same reliable fare at every location. While not exactly a     5     of local cuisine, they didn’t leave us regretting lunch when we returned to clocking miles. Salads were     6     difficult to come by in the college town of Manhattan, Kansas, although we had no complaints about the burgers and barbecue.   

In contrast to airport excursions, which often feature     7     and even confrontations, our trip was entirely pleasant. When you meet folks in their natural environment after hours of     8     scenery, it’s easier to remember just how big the world is and to appreciate that many of its inhabitants are perfectly happy living     9    , and there’s no reason they shouldn’t be.

As it turned out, the greatest source of stress was the frequent reminder that my son changes     10     like he’s afraid of missing a sharp turn. Fortunately, that’s a travel headache that can be fixed.

3 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. housed   B. overcome   C. mounting   D. distress   E. marveling   F. instrument G. chain   H. facilitate   I. pilot   J. confused   K. striking

Unlocking The Vatican Museums

Gianni Crea has, almost every morning for the past decade, unlocked the doors to the Vatican Museums. He has seen the splendor of the Sistine Chapel and admired the textures of ancient Egypt. “Yes, I’m a key keeper. But the doors I open are the ones to the history of art, and it’s here that exists the biggest and most beautiful history in the world,” says Crea.

The Vatican Museums have     1     collections since the 15^th century, including tens of thousands of artworks and artifacts spanning prehistory to modern times. The most     2     one of them, according to Crea, is Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel. He recalls being     3     with emotion the first time he accompanied the former head key keeper to open the chapel more than 20 years ago. Since then, he’s witnessed people of all faiths     4     at the chapel’s loveliness, something the church believes is increasingly vital during these unsettled times.

“In the difficult current context the world is experiencing, in which sadness and     5     seem to have the upper hand, art is more necessary than ever, because beauty is always a source of joy,” Pope Francis said last year.

There is also     6     scientific evidence to support this view. A 2019 WHO analysis revealed that artistic and cultural activities     7     physical and psychological health. In fall 2022, physicians at Brussels’ hospitals partnered with the city to launch a six-month     8     study examining the benefits of “museum prescriptions as supplemental treatment for stress, burnout, and anxiety”. It’s the first investigation of its kind in Europe and is expected to have     9     effects across the continent. And in the wake of the pandemic (疫情), which forced the Vatican Museums to close three times between 2020 and 2021, there’s a growing movement for wider and easier access to the arts for people’s well-being. “The Vatican Museums must open their doors to people from all over the world, as a(n)     10     of dialogue between cultures and religions,” Pope Francis wrote in his 2015 publication.

“Everyone can find something beautiful and moving here,” says Crea, who always welcomes travelers from around the world to accompany him during his morning routine on select dates. “The Vatican Museums will give you an understanding of art and history regardless of your faith.”

4 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. advantage       B. anticipating       C. digitally       D. facilitating       E. geometry       F. giant G. initiated       H. painstakingly       I. potentially       J. reopened       K. sought

How Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院)

It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame, the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.

Since then, people from around the world have united to support an effort,     1     by French President, that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year. Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have     2     to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood (橡木) and stone that have stood the test of centuries.

But the builders, architects and engineers do have the     3     of some 21st century technologies, including modern building information modeling (BIM) software that enables them to work with a(n)     4     detailed 3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site, backed by powerful cloud computing technology.

“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together, how it’s constructed,” says Andrew Anagnost, CEO of design software     5     Autodesk. It has contributed technical consulting, software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire. A digital model, which took more than a year to create, includes more than 12,000 objects.

It was a complex process. Onsite workers captured the point-by-point 3D     6     of the cathedral with laser (激光) and photo equipment. Then, others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects, down to individual building stones. That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire — important for     7     any stability issues — and plan out the process of reconstruction.

“It’s like Mission: Impossible when they plan,” says Nicolas Mangon, VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk. “Every little piece is done     8    , and with the 3D model you can simulate (模拟) everything.”

Even when the cathedral is     9    , the model may still serve important roles. Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward,     10     using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.

5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. airflows       B. block       C. challenges       D. cool     E. critically     F. disproportionately G. principles   H. reduces       I. sensitive   J. site-specific     K. stretches

Skywell

A skywell, or “tian jin”, as it is commonly called, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China. Skywells were designed to reduce temperature in buildings well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories and creates    1    by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.

The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and harvest rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it    2    out sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Meanwhile, hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell.

Architects are now looking towards the    3    behind skywells while designing new buildings to save energy. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in the eastern Chinese city of Jinan. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a giant inner skywell in the middle, which    4    from the fifth to the top floor. The elevators, toilets and meeting rooms are all situated around this channel, which helps improve the lighting and ventilation and    5    the overall energy consumption.

Ancient “green wisdom” such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in methods that depend on design and technology to    6    a building without the use of power.

However, there are some    7    for bringing skywells into modern designs. The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilation and rain collection are well known, but applying these methods needs to be    8    . Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were    9    dependent on their natural surroundings, adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be    10    to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as a universal solution.

6 . 阅读下面小短文, 根据上下文语境, 选择合适的单词或短语, 将它的适当形式填入空白处, 每个单词或短语只使用一次, 每个方框里有一个是多余的。

amaze     office     power       architect       path       be unique to     be made up of     be made of   take control of

Peru, a country in South America, used to be the centre of the     1     ancient Inca Empire. Later Spain    2     it in the 16th century, so Spanish is its main    3     language. As a visitor, there are many package tours for you to choose from. In the Amazon Rainforest Tour you’ll live in the middle of the forest and enjoy the plants and animals    4     the rainforest. The Machu Picchu Tour will take you on amazing    5     to Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will     6     by this ancient city, especially its dry stone method of building. The Cusco Tour will help you enjoy the Spanish culture with its    7     while the Lake Titicaca Tour will provide you with a chance to stay with a local Uros family whose home    8     water plants.

7 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.understanding   B.experience   C.architecture     D.fee       E.suggest       F.Egyptian G.visited       H.first-class        I.fortunately       J.online       K.artwork

No museum in the United States is as famous as the Metropolitan Museum of Art(the Met), which is filled with     1     from all over the world, including collections from Ancient Egypt and classical antiquity. Visiting “the Met” is an art     2     unlike any other, and like much in New York, it’s impossible to see all the museum has to offer in one day (or even two days, for that matter). If you’ve never been there, then you should visit its permanent collections (the first floor’s Greek and Roman art,     3    art and the second floor’s Islamic art exhibits are especially popular with travelers). If you have already     4     the Met a time or two, then plan your next trip around the semiannual exhibits by the Costume Institute, or head to The Met Cloisters, an offshoot museum that includes medieval Europe’s art and     5     located in Fort Tyron Park.

Travelers love the Met,so they call the facilities and artwork     6    . Many people     7     surfing the museum’s website to decide what you’d like to see ahead of your visit. You can also apply for a special guided tour for a more deep     8     of the museum’s content.

The museum is located at 1000 Fifth Ave., on the eastern perimeter of Central Park. You can visit the museum from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. daily, with extended hours on Friday and Saturday until 9 p.m. Suggested     9     to the Met is $25 for adults, $17 for seniors and $12 for students; kids younger than 12 can enter for free with a paying adult. You can purchase tickets     10     or in person. If you are a resident of New York state or a student in New York, New Jersey or Connecticut, the admission is “pay what you wish.”

8 . 阅读下面文本，并从每段文本方框的单词或短语中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项钟有两项为多余选项。

A. supplies       B. independently       C. graduation       D. distance       E. fortunately       F. absolutely       G. tough

After    1    , we took a long journey to the west of China. It was our first time living    2    away from home. We were eager to enjoy the typical scenery of the desert. From the moment we arrived, it didn’t disappoint us. But the journey was quite challenging. We didn’t have enough    3    of food and water. One time we even got a flat tire on our car. You cannot imagine what a    4    time we had in the hot burning sun;    5    , with the help of some volunteers, we finally changed the tire. We were inspired by this marvelous journey, and we are organizing another adventure.

9 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. mirrored                  B. sleepless                  C. glory                  D. jointly          E. venue          F. located G. world-class               H. witnessed                  I. commercial        J. restoration       K. brand-new

The buildings inside Longfu Temple Area are not just slabs of concrete or bricks and mortar (灰泥) — they have     1    the bustling and prosperity of Beijing for centuries. With traces of time deeply imprinted, the area stands silently and awaits its     2    start.

Built in 1452 and rebuilt in the 9th year during Emperor Yongzheng’s reign, Longfu Temple was the only temple in Beijing to accommodate both lamas and monks, and later became a famous    3    for temple fairs — perhaps the first choice to enjoy the authentic flavors of older Beijing and learn about the local culture.

Unfortunately, it was destroyed by a fire in 1901, and the nine-story building was restored in 1988on the original site. Its    4    ended abruptly in another devastating fire in 1993, and the place was turned into a place for restaurants, a market for clothing and small commodities, and a digital square.

The first phase of its renovation started with the opening of a second M Woods Art Museum,     5    in the renovated buildings in Qianliang Hutong(small lane)in the Longfu Temple Area. It was a collaboration between the museum and the government of the Dongcheng District. Its inaugural exhibition, a solo art show titled “A Bigger Splash” by renowned British artist David Hockney, was    6    launched with Tate Britain and Tate Modern.

The night of M Woods Art community becomes bustling and    7     with a variety of cocktail bars and nightclubs, such as Jing A Taproom and the M Woods-affiliated nightclub Turtle.

The second phase of the    8    will start in 2023, featuring Chinese cultural zones and    9    museums, such as the Palace Museum, the British Museum and London’s V&A Museum.

The Longfu Temple Area has witnessed the ebb (衰退) and flow of a    10    district and the city’s changing landscape in the vicissitudes (兴衰) of the times. Its gradual return to its former glory speaks of myriad (无数的) possibilities.

10 . 阅读下面短文,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

A. was B. businessmen C. and D. from E.an H. which F. traveling G. central J. heard I. greatest

Wuhan is a city with both an ancient history     1     a thriving(繁华的) present. Historic relics tell the city’s long history dating     2     3,500 years. In the period of PreQin (770 B.C.--221 B.C),it     3     the land of the State of Chu and the cradle(发源地)

Starting here,    4     followed the great Yangtze River of the brilliant Chu Civilization. and lake network to expand businesses throughout the entire country. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)， Hankou became one of the four best-known towns in the country. For centuries, Wuhan has been the center of trade and transportation in     5     China. Today it is     6     important center in central China and a feature of Yangtze River cruises(航行) for sightseers and businessmen     7     from Sichuan to Shanghai or Hong Kong.

The uprising voice of the Revolution of 1911 was     8     here firstly. The revolution aimed to overthrow the Qing Dynasty (1636-1912) and establish the Republican     9     government, is one of the     10     events in modern China.