3 . “ Humans and machine algorithms (算法) have complementary (互补的) strengths and weaknesses. Each uses different sources of information and strategies to make predictions and decisions, ” said Mark Steyvers, UCI professor of cognitive sciences. “ We show through experiments that humans can improve the predictions of AI even when human accuracy is below that of the AI, and vice versa (反之亦然). This accuracy is higher than combining predictions from two individuals or two AI algorithms. ”

To test the framework, researchers conducted an image classification experiment where human participants and computer algorithms worked separately to correctly identify disorderly pictures of animals and everyday items including chairs, bottles, bicycles and trucks. The human participants ranked their confidence in the accuracy of each image identification as low, medium or high, while the machine classifier generated a continuous score. The results showed large differences in confidence between humans and AI algorithms across images.

“ Human participants were confident that a particular picture contained a chair, for example, while the AI algorithm was confused about the image, ” said Padhraic Smyth, UCI Chancellor’s Professor of computer science. “ Similarly, the AI algorithm was able to confidently provide a label for the object shown, while human participants were unsure if the disorderly picture contained any recognizable object. ”

When predictions and confidence scores from both were combined using the researchers’ new Bayesian framework, the mixed model led to better performance than either human or machine predictions achieved alone.

“ While the past research has demonstrated the benefits of combining machine predictions or combining human predictions, this work shows a new direction in demonstrating the potential of combining human and machine predictions, pointing to new and improved approaches to human-AI cooperation, ” Smyth said.

“ The blend of cognitive science focusing on understanding how humans think and behave and computer science in which technologies are produced will provide further insight into how humans and machines can cooperate to build more accurate artificially intelligent systems, ” the researchers said.

1. Which of the following may the research’s findings agree with?

A．Humans have poor performance in making predictions.

B．Humans and machine algorithms should work together.

C．Machine algorithms have low accuracy in calculation.

D．Machine algorithms failed in the classification experiment.

2. What method did the researchers use during the research?

A．Comparison.

B．Assumption.

C．Giving examples.

D．Analysing reasons.

3. What does the underlined word “ blend ” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Difference.

B．Combination.

C．Contradiction.

D．Advantage.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．Humans are confident of their predictions

B．Humans can improve the predictions of AI

C．Develop mixed human- machine model for smarter AI

D．Identify the strengths of humans and machine algorithms

5 . 假定你是李华，来自英国的朋友Peter想知道中国的新冠疫情(coronavirus epidemic)控制情况，写邮件想要询问你当地学校的疫情管控措施，请你给他回信说明。
回信中需要包含如下内容：
1. 感谢他的关心
2. 介绍学校的管控措施（可能需要的单词：口罩（mask），消毒（sterilize）核酸检测（nucleic acid test）,隔离quarantine 疑似病例suspected case）
3. 对战胜疫情的信心
注意：1. 字迹必须清晰，卷面整洁
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 字数不少于100字
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6 . Should schools report a student’s health to parents?

As if grades weren’t enough to worry about, some students now have weight on their minds too. The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.     1    

As a result, schools in several states, from California to Pennsylvania, have started sending home "BMI report cards". Those schools send home a report of a student’s body mass index (BMI). BMI is a calculation of weight and height that tells whether a person is overweight for his or her age.

    2     People on both sides of the debate are weighing in.

Some lawmakers say BMI reports warn parents of their children s health problem help fight against obesity. In 2003, former Arkansas Governor. Mike Huckabee helped launch the first program to report students’ BMI.       3     Pechatrician Joe Thompson helped plan the BMI program for Arkansas schools. He explains that the reports in Arkansas are sent home separately from report cards. “The misconception is that students are being graded on their weight,” he told WR News, “Just like a school screen for vision or hearing, this is a health approach to raise awareness about a risk.”

    4     Parents have complained that the reports damage their children’s self-respect. Some parents say kids also worry that they are being “graded” on their weight.       5     They point out that many school cafeterias serve tasty foods. Parent Brett Levy from Chicago, Illinois, believes that schools should teach kids to lead healthy lifestyles instead of reporting their BMIS. “Telling a boy or girl a BMI is not education,” he told WR News. “It’s a fear strategy.”

A．Should schools send home BMI reports?

B．Obesity rates in that state have since stopped increasing.

C．Since then children with heart disease have received the reports.

D．Not everyone thinks that reporting students’ BMI is a good idea.

E．Schools agree that more activities are required for students to control weight.

F．Being obese, or severely overweight, can lead to health problems later in life.

G．Some people argue that schools that label students overweight are acting unfairly.