1 . Canada must be a nation of talented scientists. World-changing theories and lifesaving chemicals have all been dreamt up and produced here for years. However, little is known about the country’s impressive scientific record.
Canada has another trick as well, unlike many national educational systems. Canadian children seem to be really interested in science, and seem to want to take a scientific career further. Higher education science students are plentiful and science-based documentaries are watched by millions.
So what has Canada achieved? Well, firstly and most importantly is the discovery of insulin (胰岛素) as a treatment for diabetes. It was discovered in Toronto in 1922 by pioneering medical scientists, Frederick Banting and Charles Best. They were both awarded the Nobel Prize a year later.
This wouldn’t be the last Nobel Prize dished out to a medical scientist in Canada. In 1981 another scientist was celebrated, David Hubel, who did the first significant map of the visual cortexes (大脑皮层) of the brain. This meant finding out exactly what part of one’s brain controls brightness, colour, motion and more. Although the majority of this work was carried out in the 60s and 70s, Dr. Hubel continues to work on his theories today with his colleague Torsten Wiesel.
Michael Smith worked out how to change a certain part of the DNA in a plant or animal to change the way it could develop. His research allowed countless researchers from all over the world to develop special bacteria, plants and animals with new desirable qualities or abilities that either did not occur naturally or that would have taken years of breeding (繁殖) trials to achieve.
Canadian success has not just been limited to biology and chemistry. Technology has benefited greatly from Canadian scientists. The CCD microchip, for example, which is widely used in webcams and telescopes was developed by Willard Boyle.
When it comes to science, there is only one country that can truly call itself a country of great scientists, and that country is Canada.
1. Canada is called a country of great scientists, because ________.A.there are two Nobel Prize winners |
B.there are so many scientific achievements |
C.Canadian kids are especially interested in Science |
D.science education is paid more attention to |
A.cheating | B.special skill | C.weakness | D.advantage |
A.He won the last Nobel Prize in medicine. |
B.All his work was carried out in the 60s and 70s. |
C.He is a man not contented with achieved success. |
D.He took advantage of Wiesel’s map of the visual cortexes of the brain. |
A.man can change the way a living thing grows |
B.it is widely used in webcams and telescopes |
C.it helps Canada become a country of great scientists |
D.new bacteria, plants and animals can be found |
2 . Our backpacking trips are designed for those who begin to learn backpacking. We have a variety of trips to choose from.
Point Reyes Backpacking
04/28/2022-04/29/2022
Time:7:00 am — 6:00 pm
Come to walk on the “wild” side at Point Reyes National Seashore, one of California’s finest and most well-preserved wildlife areas. You might get a rare glimpse of a fox, a badger, or possibly the fallow deer. As an extra bonus, take a walk down to the beach where you can explore the wonders of tide pool life and possibly view seals or whales.
Tahoe Backpacking
08/17/2022-08/19/2022
Time:7:00 am — 6:00 pm
This section of the Tahoe Rim Trail parallels the well-known “Flume Trail”, which earns its recognition for the breathtaking views of the bright blue waters of Lake Tahoe. Of course, to be able to view all of the lake at once, you will need to hike up in height. The trail reaches a height of 9,000 feet and ends at Tunnel Creek Station, which is just under 6,500 feet. Peak Adventures has planned the daily mileage for this route to be manageable but challenging for beginning backpackers.
Lassen Backpacking
09/01/2022-09/03/2022
Time:7:00 am — 6:00 pm
Join us for a back-country tour of one of the most recently active volcanic areas in the United States. The park contains a great diversity of landscapes (地貌) including lush marshes, thick forests and lava beds. We will spend three days and two nights backpacking past several streams and lakes. The intensity of this trip is suitable for beginners, but backpackers of all abilities are sure to enjoy the great diversity that Lassen offers.
1. What does Point Reyes Backpacking attract backpackers most?A.The cool coastal air. | B.The wonders of tide. |
C.The variety of wildlife. | D.The well-preserved beach. |
A.To hike up a trail of 9,000 feet. |
B.To reach Tunnel Creek Station. |
C.To finish challenging daily mileage. |
D.To enjoy the scenery of Lake Tahoe. |
A.Backpacking beginners. | B.The local people. |
C.Volcano researchers. | D.Skilled adventurers. |
3 . I used to travel to make myself relaxed. Two years ago, I was rather busy with my business and under a lot of
When I was on holiday, a(n)
I’d driven alone across the US before, but traveling to other
But I soon
As I was in search of more places visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, Greece, which I
What I appreciated best was the bus ride to Venice. As I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw,I was completely
Some people might say, “It’s not a big
A.loss | B.pain | C.joy | D.pressure |
A.work | B.relax | C.wait | D.sleep |
A.stranger | B.invitation | C.idea | D.incident |
A.vacation | B.study | C.stay | D.research |
A.countries | B.companies | C.cities | D.parks |
A.surprised | B.interested | C.attracted | D.frightened |
A.communicate | B.travel | C.agree | D.play |
A.selected | B.suggested | C.realized | D.responded |
A.make | B.step | C.look | D.leave |
A.anger | B.courage | C.fear | D.pride |
A.doubted | B.liked | C.explored | D.visited |
A.different | B.free | C.tired | D.lost |
A.hard | B.nice | C.threatening | D.generous |
A.situation | B.homeland | C.castles | D.places |
A.order | B.ending | C.deal | D.reality |
4 . James Baldwin, an author, once said, “Children have never been very good at listening to their elders, but they have never failed to imitate them.” Looking back, I have found this was
While in elementary school, I was caught into
What my father said did not impress me much but he set a good example of
A.true | B.depressing | C.impossible | D.abnormal |
A.respecting | B.observing | C.imitating | D.helping |
A.tests | B.troubles | C.fights | D.challenges |
A.cases | B.differences | C.qualities | D.conditions |
A.turn to | B.turn down | C.get used to | D.get rid of |
A.avoided | B.shared | C.knew | D.considered |
A.heatedly | B.sadly | C.cautiously | D.sincerely |
A.destroy | B.create | C.explore | D.cherish |
A.story | B.secret | C.task | D.lie |
A.arrived | B.disappeared | C.left | D.paused |
A.silence | B.promise | C.word | D.relationship |
A.wondered | B.described | C.agreed | D.expected |
A.put up | B.put forward | C.put aside | D.put out |
A.studying | B.handling | C.ignoring | D.supporting |
A.prizes | B.bodies | C.gestures | D.actions |
5 . My sense of direction is pretty horrific and there was one time I was in a very remote part of Austria and wanted to go to meet up with some of my friends at a lake. I grabbed a bike, and set off, map in hand. All was going well until I realized I was in a really, really remote part of the town, and pretty soon I realized I was also on a hill. My poor sense of direction and my childish relationship with maps accidentally led me up a mountain.
I was 2.5 hours into my voyage, there was no sign of any life around me, there was definitely no lake in sight at all and especially the noises around me got stranger. I looked at my map wondering how it could deceive me and where our relationship took a wrong turn. Then, I turned around and BOOM, I got a flat tire. It was getting darker, I was shitting bricks by the second, and any moment now, something was going to jump out and ate me alive.
I eventually stop caring that my bike will collapse on me and start riding it down a very rocky trail at a pretty fast pace just hoping to get out of there as fast as possible.
Several minutes later, I finally see a highway, so I get back on a known trail and just a few kilometres up, I see the sign where I missed my turn for the lake. After my 2-hour detour, I had no desire to be near anything wet as I was already soaked from exhaustion, so I tried to get reception to call and see if anyone could pick me up. Eventually, I was able to track down some elderly Austrian men who could see my dilemma and handed me their phone, and a large pint of Austrian beer to save the day.
1. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.Conquer fears |
B.Travel abroad |
C.On the way into darkness! |
D.When bad directions attack! |
A.Extremely frightened. | B.Hitting some bricks. |
C.Very disappointing. | D.Entirely tired. |
A.Using poor satellite positioning. |
B.Having got a flat tire. |
C.Riding a wrong bus. |
D.Being cheated by her poor memory. |
6 . The village of Okere Mom-Kok was destroyed during the Ugandan Civil War in the 1980s. Now, pupils at the early childhood centre are noisily having a break, and a market is coming to life, as is local beer making, in what has become known as Okere City.
Okere City began in 2019. It has a school, a clinic, and a community hall that also serves as a nightclub. Electricity and clean water are available to everyone.
Ojok Okello started the project of Okere City with an investment (投资) from his own pocket to change the destroyed village of 4, 000 people. The development expert had worked for several charities but grew sad seeing projects fail because communities weren’t involved in decisions about their own future. When he returned to Okere Mom-Kok to visit relatives, he decided to create a project that was truly led by the people who lived there.
Okere now produces income. Every project, from the school to the local bar, can fund itself, and something that has been possible because the project is being built not as a charity, but as a social enterprise (事业), Okello says.
This year, after local people said they needed a way to make money, Okello began to experiment with processing shea nuts (加工乳木果), which locals collect and turn into butter for cooking. Soon, Okere Shea Butter arrived on the market.
Okello says the thought came to him when watching the movie Black Panther, as he sat under a shea tree one afternoon. “I realised that we have this important natural resource and we were not using it,” Okello says. “I thought, in the movie Wakanda and Black Panther had vibranium and this shea tree could be our vibranium. So I invest everything within my means into it.”
Once a week, an investment club meets in the community hall. Member’s dues (会费) are carefully recorded before being offered as loans (贷款) to members who need them. When borrowers repay the loan, the cycle continues.
“This style of banking plays a big role because it’s uniquely African,” Okello says. “It’s been about community, patience, and long-term investment.”
1. What is the village of Okere Mom-Kok like now?A.It’s lively. | B.It’s a wasteland. |
C.It’s in poor condition. | D.It’s a tourist attraction. |
A.It was built as a charity. | B.It was created by poor villagers. |
C.It has cost little money up to now. | D.It includes the community in decision-making. |
A.Making shea butter. | B.Protecting shea trees. |
C.Directing a film about shea trees. | D.Attracting investment in shea nuts. |
A.It is important to local people. |
B.It will take a long time to improve. |
C.It will be used in other communities. |
D.It mainly encourages short-term investment. |
7 . What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine?
This ability would allow us to witness historic wonders, change decisions and see people from the past.
The mysterious puzzle of time has kept people debating its nature for hundreds of years. Science fiction writers have turned it into imaginative stories. Some scientists have even attempted to explain it using math. This myth tries to make the dream of time travel come true.
Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel. The first is relativity. The idea of relativity is that the force of gravity causes space to bend, which causes time to twist.
Stephen Hawking is a famous scientist. He believes that a time machine will never be built. If it were possible, he thinks we would already know. If a time machine could be built, how come no one from the future has invaded us?
The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881.
Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.
A.The second idea focuses on special relativity |
B.We could right wrongs and stop wars from starting |
C.The laws of nature governing the universe imply different possibilities for time travel. |
D.What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased? |
E.The scientist Albert Einstein said that time and space are one thing |
F.Before the twentieth century, scientists and philosophers rarely investigated time travel. |
G.Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel |
8 . What will the future be like? Good or bad? A lot of science-fiction writing imagines a dark and
There's a word to
No. A new project wants to use the power of science fiction to
It's
But will these stories actually change anything or
Time will tell how far we can go. Let's dream big and think
A.elegant | B.splendid | C.dynamic | D.scary |
A.potential | B.wonderful | C.miserable | D.dynamic |
A.improve | B.describe | C.comprise | D.develop |
A.imagined | B.argued | C.realized | D.recognized |
A.original | B.opposite | C.alternative | D.acceptable |
A.extend | B.unfold | C.sustain | D.occupy |
A.advantage | B.result | C.motive | D.maintenance |
A.harmonious | B.permanent | C.messy | D.conventional |
A.funnier | B.harder | C.newer | D.easier |
A.challenge | B.mission | C.welfare | D.surprise |
A.disgusting | B.frightening | C.demanding | D.promising |
A.risk | B.delay | C.stop | D.bother |
A.high | B.polar | C.crowded | D.remote |
A.merely | B.intently | C.frequently | D.incredibly |
A.abnormal | B.artificial | C.constant | D.mighty |
A.gradual | B.plain | C.vital | D.vague |
A.cast new light on | B.make their way to | C.gather around | D.beat down |
A.neglected | B.denied | C.exposed | D.evaluated |
A.invisibility | B.surroundings | C.exposure | D.absence |
A.inside | B.beside | C.outside | D.beneath |
9 . Darius and Johntel both love basketball and are captains of their high school basketball teams. But on one Saturday night, they were forever linked in the
Just
Seeing him, Johntel’s coach called a time out, and players and fans
The opposing team understood the
As the team captain, Darius
Immediately, Johntel and his teammates
Johntel’s team won the game in the end. But as the two
A.eyes | B.heads | C.ears | D.minds |
A.minutes | B.hours | C.days | D.weeks |
A.disease | B.wound | C.death | D.accident |
A.suggested | B.expected | C.wished | D.insisted |
A.Fortunately | B.Expectedly | C.Surprisingly | D.Hopefully |
A.surrounded | B.comforted | C.encouraged | D.called |
A.challenge | B.play | C.study | D.work |
A.put off | B.give up | C.result in | D.escape from |
A.situation | B.lesson | C.meaning | D.fact |
A.agreed | B.argued | C.doubted | D.guessed |
A.start | B.end | C.continue | D.stop |
A.offered | B.refused | C.hesitated | D.pretended |
A.already | B.even | C.only | D.still |
A.understood | B.admitted | C.believed | D.asked |
A.coaches | B.sportsmen | C.games | D.teams |
There was a dynasty
But the king didn’t agree with him. “I think we should treat the prisoners of war
Then another one said, “Your majesty, I think all the prisoners should be set free and sent back home to work in the fields and support
The king thought the official’s proposal was quite reasonable so he accepted and followed it. As