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文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瓦斯科·达·伽马建立从欧洲到印度的海上航线的经过,从而使葡萄牙在印度建立了一个有价值的贸易帝国。

1 . Vasco da Gama, born around 1469 in Sines, Portugal, is best remembered as the first European to sail from Europe to India. The sea ________ he found helped Portugal build a rich empire overseas.

As a young man, studying navigation, he served as an officer in the Portuguese ________. In 1497, he ________ the king of Portugal he could find a sea route to India by sailing around Africa, which would allow Portugal to ________ the rich Indian spice (香料) trade.

Earlier Portuguese expeditions had ________ the southern tip of Africa. But these trips were long, difficult, and ________. Was it possible to travel from Europe to India in a single ________?

In July, Gama ________ from Lisbon with four ships. By January 1498, the expedition ________ Mozambique on Africa’s southeaster coast. But Arab traders in Mozambique ________ disliked Portuguese. They ________ Gama away.

Farther north, on the coast of Kenya, Gama hired an Arab to ________ his ships across the Indian Ocean. In May 1498, for the first time, they arrived at Calicut in India, where pearls, jewels and wonderful spices were ________ for sale. But the king and local merchants refused to ________ with Portuguese.

Then in 1502, Gama made a ________ voyage to Calicut with warships and soldiers. After many ________ battles, Gama ________ the enemy’s warships and killed many locals ________ the king of Calicut surrendered (投降). Gama sailed home ________ with lots of spices. In 1524, Portugal built a valuable trading empire in India. ________. the Portuguese king named Gama the governor of Portugal’s possessions there.

1.
A.productB.chartC.kingdomD.route
2.
A.governmentB.navyC.land forceD.air force
3.
A.convincedB.cheatedC.appointedD.acknowledged
4.
A.discussB.cutC.controlD.adopt
5.
A.blockedB.destroyedC.occupiedD.rounded
6.
A.dangerousB.comfortableC.delicateD.initial
7.
A.vehicleB.flightC.voyageD.war
8.
A.landedB.stoppedC.divedD.departed
9.
A.attackedB.reachedC.assistedD.sheltered
10.
A.accidentallyB.possiblyC.exceptionallyD.subsequently
11.
A.blewB.droveC.paidD.dusted
12.
A.navigateB.dragC.pushD.leak
13.
A.apartB.aloneC.availableD.aboard
14.
A.talkB.bargainC.liveD.trade
15.
A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth
16.
A.bleedingB.visibleC.secretD.financial
17.
A.witnessedB.sankC.boughtD.repaired
18.
A.becauseB.whereC.unlessD.before
19.
A.loadedB.combinedC.unfoldedD.surrounded
20.
A.HoweverB.MeanwhileC.InsteadD.Therefore
2024-02-26更新 | 14次组卷 | 1卷引用:【不含听力】1号卷·2022年高考最新原创信息试卷(五)英语
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸之路的历史起源、发展和重要性,以及沿线城市的兴起和贸易的演变。

2 . The Silk Road is a name given to the trade routes that connected Europe and the Mediterranean with the Asian world. The route got its _______ because the early Chinese _______ silk along it. In the course of time, medicine, perfumes, spices and livestock found their way between continents.

The Chinese leaned to _______ silk thousands of years ago. For a long time they were the_______ ones who knew how to make this material. It was so precious that only the emperor, his family and his highest advisers were_______ to wear clothes made of it. For a long time the Chinese _______ guarded this secret.

The ancient Romans were the first Europeans who became _______ this wonderful material.

Trading _______ often with Indians as middlemen who traded silk with the Chinese in _______ for gold and silver which they got from the Romans.   

Travelling along the route was ________ The hot desert, high mountains and sandstorms made travelling a rough business. Most of the ________ along the Silk Road were carried by caravans (运输队).

Over the centuries people ________ along the ancient route and many cities appeared. Then there were fewer hardships, but by no means was it ________.

In the early Middle Ages traffic along the route decreased because of the fall of the Roman Empire. But trading along the Silk Road became ________ again between the 13th and 14th centuries, when the Mongols controlled central Asia. Because ________ sea routes to Asia were discovered, the Silk Road lost its importance during the Age of Exploration.

1.
A.designB.nameC.pictureD.story
2.
A.tradedB.producedC.showedD.developed
3.
A.makeB.washC.useD.color
4.
A.lastB.secondC.sameD.only
5.
A.advisedB.allowedC.askedD.helped
6.
A.carefullyB.regularlyC.equallyD.increasingly
7.
A.worried aboutB.aware ofC.used toD.proud of
8.
A.increasedB.changedC.startedD.continued
9.
A.supportB.demandC.exchangeD.search
10.
A.dangerousB.mysteriousC.boringD.disappointing
11.
A.animalsB.resourcesC.clothesD.goods
12.
A.walkedB.hurriedC.settledD.bargained
13.
A.strangeB.difficultC.safeD.easy
14.
A.fairerB.freerC.quieterD.stronger
15.
A.directB.newC.longD.familiar
2023-11-20更新 | 91次组卷 | 2卷引用:湖南省株洲市南方中学2023-2024学年??上学期10?阶段性考试英语试题
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国教育的发展历史,儿童是如何从过早劳动而慢慢获得良好教育的。

3 . Although we lack accurate statistics about child mortality in the pre-industrial period, we do have evidence that in the 1660s, the mortality rate for children who died within 14 days of birth was as much as 30 percent. Nearly all families _______ some premature death. Moreover, to protect themselves from the emotional consequences of children’s death, parents avoided making any emotional _______ to an infant.

The 18th century witnessed the _______ from an agrarian (土地的) economy to an industrial one, one of the vital social changes taking place in the Western world. An increasing number of people moved from their villages and small towns to big cities where life was quite different. Social supports which had _______ existed in smaller communities were replaced by problems such as poverty, crime, substandard housing and disease. Due to the need for additional income to support the family, young children from the poorest families were _______ into early employment and thus their childhood became painfully short. Children as young as 7 might be required to work full-time, _______ to unpleasant and unhealthy circumstances, from factories to prostitution.

The lives of children _______ a drastic change during the 1800s in the United States. Previously, children from both rural and urban families were expected to participate in everyday labour due to the bulk of manual hard working. _______ , thanks to the technological advances of the mid-1800s, _______ the rise of the middle class and redefinition of roles of family members, work and home became less synonymous over time. People began to purchase toys and books for their children. When the country depended more upon ________ , children in rural and urban areas, were less likely to be required to work at home. Beginning from the Industrial Revolution and rising slowly over the course of the 19th century, this ________ increased dramatically after the Civil War. John Locke was one of the most ________ writers of his period. He created the first clear and ________ statement of the “environmental position” that family education ________ a child’s life, and via this, he became the father of modern learning theory. During the colonial period, his teachings about childcare gained a lot of ________ in America.

1.
A.sufferedB.deservedC.enduredD.defeated
2.
A.judgementB.reactionC.commitmentD.expression
3.
A.interpretationB.transformationC.journeyD.migration
4.
A.previouslyB.naturallyC.dramaticallyD.accidentally
5.
A.allowedB.introducedC.organisedD.forced
6.
A.committedB.addictedC.subjectedD.entitled
7.
A.anticipatedB.causedC.indicatedD.underwent
8.
A.NeverthelessB.MoreoverC.InsteadD.Therefore
9.
A.compared withB.based onC.coupled withD.regardless of
10.
A.agricultureB.machinesC.weatherD.livestock
11.
A.industrialismB.trendC.popularityD.development
12.
A.experiencedB.giftedC.imaginativeD.influential
13.
A.remarkableB.authoritativeC.comprehensiveD.alarming
14.
A.enrichesB.rebuildsC.prolongsD.determines
15.
A.recognitionB.experienceC.admissionD.benefits
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文字的起源历史。

4 . Today we see writing all around us. We would be _________ without writing.

The earliest people have no _________ of writing. However, writing _________ over thousands of years in different cultures around the world.

_________ writing existed, drawings were used as a form of _________. Rock drawings have been found in many places. One rock drawing in a mountainous area of New Mexico _________ a mountain goat standing up and a man riding a horse upside down. Experts believe that the drawing was a _________ to riders that the road was dangerous.

Modern forms of writing began when people _________ to use symbols, such as letters, words, to stand for _________. At first, they used __________ that stood for words. __________, a picture might show a hunter, the tools the hunter used, and a pair of deer the hunter killed. __________ developments took place in Mesopotamia, where people learned to use the same symbols to stand for different words. The writing used by ancient Egyptians also used __________ known as hieroglyphs (象形文字).

Even greater advances were __________ in China about 3500 years ago. The Chinese used tens of thousands of signs. With their systems, they could __________ new words. This, __________, was a different system. To make writing __________, things had to be simplified in some way. The __________ was the development of alphabets. The Phoenicians (腓尼基人) are __________ considered to have developed one of the first useful alphabets. The Phoenicians alphabet used about 20 or 30 signs. They were well on their way to at least one type of modern writing __________, as we know, the modern English alphabet uses 26 letters.

1.
A.lostB.calmC.hurtD.skeptical
2.
A.panB.systemC.motivationD.dream
3.
A.beganB.developedC.appearedD.failed
4.
A.WhenB.WhileC.AfterD.Before
5.
A.communicationB.experienceC.relationshipD.education
6.
A.showsB.noticesC.followsD.produces
7.
A.jokeB.warningC.memoryD.mistake
8.
A.beggedB.refusedC.learnedD.promised
9.
A.worriesB.culturesC.ideasD.questions
10.
A.linesB.picturesC.toolsD.animals
11.
A.For exampleB.Above allC.As usualD.At first
12.
A.LessB.WorseC.OlderD.Further.
13.
A.lettersB.alphabetsC.starsD.symbols
14.
A.preventedB.checkedC.madeD.taught
15.
A.mixB.readC.writeD.remember
16.
A.howeverB.besidesC.thereforeD.otherwise
17.
A.longerB.easierC.more interestingD.more popular
18.
A.answerB.problemC.futureD.message
19.
A.neverB.hardlyC.evenD.often
20.
A.butB.becauseC.ifD.so
2023-10-13更新 | 31次组卷 | 1卷引用:Unit 3 The world meets China A 卷-2020-2021学年高二英语选择性必修第四册同步单元AB卷(新教材外研版,天津专用)
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
完形填空(约460词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。1968年,在芬兰的哈图拉附近发现了一座大约1100年的坟墓,居住者的骨骼几乎没有留下,但在尸体中发现了两把剑和一把刀。这样的墓葬通常表明死者是男性。然而,他的骨架上也装饰着胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服。这导致了考古学家对墓葬遗骸的性别的猜测。

5 . In 1968 a grave dating from about 1100 was uncovered near Hattula, in Finland, Little remained of the occupant’s skeleton, but the inhumation included two swords and a knife. Such grave goods would normally suggest said occupant was a man. The skeleton was, ______ also decorated with brooches (胸针) and woollen clothing of types more usually worn at the time by women. This ______ guess that the burial was actually of a powerful woman, possibly a local ruler in her own right rather than just the wife of a male king.

This would be noteworthy enough. But a re-examination of the remains, just published in the European Journal of Archaeology by Ulla Moilanen of the University of Turku and Elina Salmela of the University of Helsinki, suggests the truth may be yet more ______. Ms. Moilanen and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual ______ may have had outward characteristics of both a man and a woman.

In 1968 working out the ______ of a skeleton in an ancient grave was tricky. After years of deterioration, the bones of men and women look pretty much ______. But that was before the use of DNA became possible. So Ms. Moilanen and Dr Salmela thought it worth trying again.

Most people have two sex chromosomes (染色体): XX in women and XY in men. Find DNA from a Y-chromosome in a skeleton and the chances are the body was ______. And, looking at a fragment of femur brought to her by Ms. Moilanen, who is the archaeologist in the ______, Dr. Salmela, who is the geneticist, did indeed find such DNA. But not much of it. That led her to wonder about contamination (污染), but also to consider whether the individual in the grave had had a(n) ______ X-chromosome that was swamping the signal from the Y.

Having an abnormal number of sex chromosomes is rare, but not vanishingly so. The particular ______ XXY leads to what is known as Klinefelter’s syndrome. To determine the occupant’s karyotype (染色体组型) from the tiny amount of DNA available, Dr. Salmela drew ______ with living people. The grave delivered 8,329 pieces, so she used a computer to draw samples of similar size from the genomes of living people with various karyotypes, including XXY, and also from mixtures of both sexes, to ______ contamination. She then compared these with the DNA from the grave and ______ it was 99.75% probable the individual concerned had indeed had Klinefelter’s syndrome.

While Dr Salmela was working all this out, Ms. Moilanen and her team had another look at the grave. They confirmed that it was a ______ burial. For instance, they found evidence of fine furs, probably from foxes. Clearly, this was a well-respected human being, but what led to that ______ in a world then dominated by male values is a matter of puzzle. Perhaps the person came from a family powerful enough for such things not to matter.

1.
A.thereforeB.what’s moreC.neverthelessD.for instance
2.
A.intensifiedB.confirmedC.dismissedD.encouraged
3.
A.complicatedB.engagingC.unpleasantD.frightening
4.
A.in questionB.at largeC.by comparisonD.with doubt
5.
A.compositionB.ageC.sexD.origin
6.
A.distinctB.unidentifiedC.alikeD.broken
7.
A.femaleB.oldC.youngD.male
8.
A.cooperationB.authorityC.instituteD.adventure
9.
A.restoredB.extraC.missingD.dominant
10.
A.requirementB.interestC.combinationD.emphasis
11.
A.inspirationsB.lessonsC.inferencesD.comparisons
12.
A.eliminateB.monitorC.imitateD.generate
13.
A.rejectedB.concludedC.recalledD.confessed
14.
A.high-statusB.secretC.religiousD.peaceful
15.
A.conclusionB.evidenceC.respectD.solution
完形填空(约190词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥有悠久的历史的故宫的相关信息,它已被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。各国领导人访问中国时,故宫都是必看的景点。

6 . The 600-year-old Forbidden City is the world’s largest palace. It___more than 17 million ___ every year. If we were to travel back to the past, this huge palace would be a ___ to us with a lot remaining to be discovered.   

The Forbidden City was surrounded by high___and a wide moat (护城河). ___ an area of 720, 000 square meters in the heart of Beijing,the Forbidden City was built from 1406 to 1420 by the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty. In the past,the Forbidden City was where the highest ___ of the country lay. Emperors were born,lived,fought and ___there. Various ___events happened there.It saw the ___ and downs of the Ming and Qing dynasties,as well as how feudal monarchy (封建帝制) ____ came to an end in China.   

The lives of the royal families were____ through many documents (文件). They ____a large amount of valuable material for today’s historical ____,as well as inspiration for literature and entertainment.   

In 1987,the Forbidden City was____ as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. For world leaders who visit China,it is a must-see tourist ____.When they pay a state visit to China,our top leader may show them around there.

1.
A.relievesB.receivesC.guidesD.sells
2.
A.visitorsB.studentsC.teachersD.citizens
3.
A.dreamB.hopeC.wonderD.mystery
4.
A.towersB.wallsC.treesD.hills
5.
A.OwningB.CoveringC.HavingD.Taking
6.
A.altitudeB.powerC.figureD.position
7.
A.studiedB.workedC.gatheredD.died
8.
A.happyB.sadC.historicalD.national
9.
A.aboveB.bestC.worstD.ups
10.
A.finallyB.quicklyC.graduallyD.suddenly
11.
A.recordedB.settledC.connectedD.copied
12.
A.graspB.ignoreC.writeD.provide
13.
A.backgroundB.researchC.examD.survey
14.
A.treatedB.rememberedC.listedD.honored
15.
A.palaceB.sceneryC.attractionD.place
2023-08-15更新 | 47次组卷 | 1卷引用:05 Unit 2 Using language(备作业)-【上好课】2021-2022学年高一英语同步备课系列(外研版2019必修第二册)
完形填空(约220词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国独特的建筑文化——照壁的发展历史及其意义。

7 . Find yourself at the doorway of any one of the countless temples or ancient buildings in China, and you may see an attractive but just piece of wall, only slightly larger than the entrance. It is Zhaobi, or spirit walls, which have a _________ history, with evidence _________ the earliest examples at more than 3000 years old.

Zhaobi can be _________ outside the entrance of a variety of buildings, and during the Western Zhou dynasty, they were _________ as a symbol of the social position. They were used for only the _________ members of society, such as the king. Seeing Zhaobi outside a building would let passers-by know that this was the house of someone of extreme _________, while also serving the _________ function of _________ as a form of privacy by blocking the _________ from any prying (窥探的) eyes. With the passing of time, Zhaobi came to play a role in fengshui, a practice which __________ achieving harmony and balance in all things. As well as __________ this spiritual protection, their location would allow energy to __________ better.

__________ further forward in time, Zhaobi became a form of expression and __________ with poetry, paintings and characters representing luck appearing on the __________. Recently many companies have __________ Zhaobi to practice the principles of fengshui, __________ that such a structure surely can bring __________ luck and wealth to their business.

It is __________ that these attractive structures give us a __________ of life at a particular time in history.

1.
A.longB.uniqueC.broadD.mixed
2.
A.doubtingB.guessingC.approachingD.dating
3.
A.hiddenB.foundC.affectedD.changed
4.
A.labeledB.tornC.constructedD.printed
5.
A.bestB.cleverestC.highestD.healthiest
6.
A.wealthB.importanceC.knowledgeD.talent
7.
A.practicalB.limitedC.wrongD.real
8.
A.consideringB.playingC.walkingD.acting
9.
A.windowB.yardC.houseD.entrance
10.
A.looked atB.turned downC.focused onD.put aside
11.
A.offeringB.takingC.cheatingD.using
12.
A.stayB.flowC.increaseD.boil
13.
A.DrivingB.MovingC.StoppingD.Running
14.
A.abilityB.quantityC.qualityD.creativity
15.
A.wallsB.stonesC.brickD.locks
16.
A.quittedB.adoptedC.decoratedD.finished
17.
A.predictingB.supposingC.pretendingD.believing
18.
A.personalB.ordinaryC.goodD.helpful
19.
A.certainB.surprisingC.oddD.worthy
20.
A.bookB.showC.pictureD.game
2023-08-04更新 | 103次组卷 | 5卷引用:河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题
完形填空(约230词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。介绍了欧洲探险家发现了新航线新大陆以后,便开始在世界许多地方建立了殖民地和定居点并通过贸易获得财富。

8 . It took brave European explorers less than 300 years, between 1420 and 1713, to establish that all the seas of the world formed an enormous and continuous ocean. This discovery encouraged them to _____ into areas which hadn’t been charted until then. With the discovery of new lands, new trade routes were _____. In many parts of the world, colonies and settlements were established and many odd-looking products were brought back to _____, arousing great interest and _____ wealth.

It was probably the irresistible desire for wealth that _____ persuaded Europeans of the fifteenth century to _____ their legendary dangers and explore further out into the open seas. They were also _____ by the love for their countries. Many explorers wanted to serve their kings and countries as well as gain personal _____ from their exploring.

The most effective way of gaining wealth was through _____. Silk, gold, silver and ______ stones, and more importantly spices, such as gingers and peppers, were the most profitable trade goods in Europe. Spices were of the greatest ______ because they enabled the Europeans to make their winter diet of salted meat more delicious. These items were ______ mostly from the East by a difficult overland route. The Italian ______, who bought goods from the Arabs of Alexandria, controlled the trade along this route. Other countries of the Mediterranean ______ the wealth which this trade generated and they were ______ to discover new routes which would allow them to share in it.

1.
A.sailB.walkC.flyD.drive
2.
A.set backB.set offC.set upD.set against
3.
A.the EastB.the MediterraneanC.EuropeD.Italy
4.
A.inheritingB.creatingC.savingD.losing
5.
A.frequentlyB.hardlyC.franklyD.eventually
6.
A.recognizeB.riskC.realizeD.foresee
7.
A.discouragedB.praisedC.forcedD.inspired
8.
A.businessB.benefitC.fameD.rights
9.
A.tradeB.warC.conqueringD.bargaining
10.
A.preciousB.roughC.hardD.smooth
11.
A.interestB.efficiencyC.valueD.practice
12.
A.exportedB.importedC.robbedD.occupied
13.
A.soldiersB.explorersC.pioneersD.merchants
14.
A.lostB.wonC.possessedD.envied
15.
A.disappointedB.availableC.anxiousD.reluctant
2023-07-26更新 | 79次组卷 | 3卷引用:Unit 3 选择性必修第一册(上外版2020)
文章大意:本文是说明文。主要讲述了酸奶在保加利亚有着悠久的历史,许多保加利亚人声称,它是大约在4000年前偶然被发现,当游牧部落在这片土地上游荡时,他们用兽皮运送牛奶,这为细菌的生长创造了一个成熟的环境,从而产生了酸奶。本文也谈了保加利亚酸奶的一些生产技术,由于保加利亚特有的混合细菌无法在其他国家复制,许多亚洲公司必须不断进口新的发酵剂来生产保加利亚酸奶。

9 . Yoghurt has a long history in Bulgaria. Many Bulgarians say it was accidentally discovered around 4,000 years ago when nomadic tribes wandered the land, carrying their mild(麦芽啤酒)in animal skins, which created a ripe environment for bacteria to grow, thus producing yoghurt. Yoghurt probably _________in Balkan lands. _________, the Balkans is one of the many places enjoying the specific bacteria and temperature ranges needed to _________produce yoghurt. Wherever it was discovered, what we do know is that Bulgaria played a vital role in introducing yoghurt to the West and turning it into the contemporary commercial product.

A Bulgarian scientist, Dr Stamen Grigorov, was said to be the first to _________the composition of yoghurt. He _________the essential bacterium, Lactobacillus bulgaricus(保加利亚乳杆菌), in homemade yoghurt, forever linking the nation to yoghurt production. His work _________the exact composition of yoghurt was picked up by a Russian biologist and Nobel Prize-winner, who _________a connection between yoghurt consumption and longer lives. This idea that yoghurt extends life _________a health craze in European countries, involving the previously little-known food into the Western European diet.

But this new demand for Bulgarian yoghurt fundamentally changed the product. It was previously made at home, by women, using measurements based on _________. When scientists and manufacturers took over the process, they introduced strict measurements, specialist equipment and ”pure cultures”(纯培养发酵剂)that __________any additional microflora found naturally in homemade yoghurt. Besides, traditional yoghurts were produced with different types of __________milk, such as buffalo and sheep milk, depending on the area or time of year. Nowadays, cow’s milk is used, which is a result of the industrialization.

The state __________of the dairy industry in 1949 led to further changes, although many Bulgarian people continued to make yoghurt at home. Yoghurt became a __________image, distinguishing Bulgaria from the other countries. But since yoghurt was made in different Bulgarian regions and households and its knowledge was passed down by generations, the state had to create official Bulgarian yoghurt.

Microbiologists collected samples of homemade yoghurt across the country, and then conducted experiments to select most beneficial bacteria in terms of health as well as taste. The “Bulgarian” yoghurt lies in its __________, not in one standardized product.

The state-owned company LB Bulgaricum holds and licenses its patent to countries such as Japan and South Korea. Interestingly, __________the unique mixture of bacteria native to Bulgaria cannot be reproduced in other countries, these Asian companies must continuously import new starter cultures(发酵剂)to create their version of Bulgarian yoghurt.

1.
A.originatedB.extendedC.grewD.flourished
2.
A.First of allB.In contrastC.Above allD.In fact
3.
A.domesticallyB.constantlyC.naturallyD.commercially
4.
A.make upB.set asideC.break downD.tear apart
5.
A.identifiedB.inventedC.combinedD.added
6.
A.changingB.assessingC.completingD.detailing
7.
A.transmittedB.admittedC.challengedD.established
8.
A.fueledB.attributedC.exaggeratedD.removed
9.
A.sightB.predictionC.ingredientD.temperature
10.
A.assumedB.excludedC.maintainedD.evaluated
11.
A.condensedB.artificialC.rawD.accessible
12.
A.buildupB.takeoverC.takeupD.workout
13.
A.mediaB.nationalC.positiveD.virtual
14.
A.historyB.functionC.popularityD.variety
15.
A.whileB.unlessC.becauseD.if
2023-07-12更新 | 57次组卷 | 1卷引用:阶段测试二 A卷 必修第二册(上外版2020)
文章大意:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一张18世纪的1418年地图副本表明中国航海家郑和可能在哥伦布之前发现了美洲。

10 . Zheng He (郑和) from China Might Have Discovered America Before Columbus

In 1405, a Chinese eunuch, Zheng He, launched the first of seven voyages west from China across the Indian Ocean. During the next 30 years (till 1433), he was in command of the world’s largest fleet_________ by the Ming emperor, and sailed to the east coast of Africa into the Persian Gulf. This is_________ history.

But a map titled “General Chart of the Integrated World” shows that he travelled much further west and even reached_________, 74 years ahead of Chistopher Columbus. On the top right corner of this article is an 18th-century copy of a 1418 map, which claims to show the world that Zheng He_________. This map came to light in the year 2001 when a Shanghai lawyer, Liu Gang, claimed to have bought it from a local dealer for around $500. He believes that Zheng_________ the waters around both poles, the Americas, the Mediterranean and Australia, too.

This map shows two hemispheres of the world, a way to show the image of the round Earth on_______ paper. Continents are recognizable. Both North and South America are clear, and so are the rivers running from far inland. The Himalayas, among whose foothills Zheng He was born, are marked as the highest mountain range in the world. And according to experts, some aspects in the map are_________ Chinese: the blue, fan-like waves and annotations (注释) with textual descriptions of places are parts of China’s map-making tradition.

Though Columbus and Zheng He both sailed across the oceans, their_________ were quite different. Columbus’s mission was commercial, while Zheng He’s was_________— he was sent to bring back envoys (使节) from other countries to pay respect to the new Yongle emperor who had__________ power from his nephew and needed to find a way to assert his legitimacy (正统性). With the end of Zheng He’s life, China’s explorations on the high seas__________ as there was a new emperor with less needs to finance pricey expeditions.

For the next few hundred years, China largely__________ on itself and the Chinese have remained in their land for hundreds of years, which meant a lasting isolation from the ocean civilization. Europeans, __________, continued their expeditions and recorded their history. ________, mainstream western historians don’t want to believe Zheng’s map to be true and they are__________ that only their explorers’ maps had such details. “ It took many European sailors decades to travel across the globe to make such maps, how come Zheng He alone made it within 30 years?” said one of the historians.

1.
A.conqueredB.appointedC.fundedD.dominated
2.
A.knownB.fakeC.debatableD.mysterious
3.
A.AmericaB.IndiaC.AntarcticaD.Europe
4.
A.occupiedB.discoveredC.inventedD.extended
5.
A.hikedB.drewC.monitoredD.navigated
6.
A.whiteB.flatC.valuableD.doubled
7.
A.sparklyB.hopefullyC.characteristicallyD.dramatically
8.
A.purposesB.achievementsC.difficultiesD.routes
9.
A.invasiveB.diplomaticC.superiorD.generous
10.
A.authorizedB.succeededC.lostD.seized
11.
A.orderedB.continuedC.endedD.launched
12.
A.turned inB.turned backC.turned overD.turned away
13.
A.similarlyB.howeverC.for exampleD.therefore
14.
A.Above allB.On the contraryC.As a resultD.In addition
15.
A.doubtedB.convincedC.informedD.aware
2023-07-06更新 | 55次组卷 | 2卷引用:Unit 3 Travel Unit Test B卷 必修第一册(上外版2020)
共计 平均难度:一般