A.He was sick. | B.He had a health examination. | C.He had an operation. |
2 . Clinical intuition is finally getting the respect it may have long deserved. New research is supporting a process that combines rapid judgments and perceptions that occur outside of conscious awareness — a way of knowing something without knowing how you know it. The value of clinical intuition in medicine is now being studied and becoming particularly relevant as interest grows in developing AI systems that can analyze medical data to diagnose or treat patients.
A study in 2023 found that clinical intuition from physiotherapists on the prognosis for functional recovery among patients was closely associated with the recovery afterwards. Another study concluded that in comparison to relying only on clinical data, “preoperative surgeon intuition alone is an independent predictor of patient outcomes.”
“This is a cognitive process. Clinical intuition is about expertise, knowledge, and pattern recognition that accumulate through experience. The mind is putting together all kinds of information and sequencing it in ways that say this person is really sick — or not,” says Meredith Vanstone, an associate professor in McMaster University. Given the depth of this cognitive process, some experts are skeptical that AI technology can make medical decisions as well as a human physician.
“As physicians go through years of interactions with patients and seeing thousands of cases, those gut feelings become a sort of summary statement of all the experiences they’ve seen,” says Mohammad Ghassemi, a researcher at Michigan State University. “Clinicians can observe different things that are not always captured or made available by machines.”
Researchers found that physicians and nurses practicing in a medical specialty involving a high likelihood of an emergency or dimensions of complexity are more likely to use intuitive decision-making in their practice. “As surgeons, the first thing we need to do is look at the patient because the structured data may not be consistent with what we see with the patient,” says Gabriel Brat from Harvard Medical School.
Research has found that clinical intuition from nurses and physicians about the chances that older patients visiting emergency departments would die or have other adverse outcomes within 30 days was highly accurate.
None of known experiences suggest that clinical intuition should be blindly acted upon. Making clinical decisions solely on the basis of a physician’s intuition isn’t the way to go, experts say. But relying solely on medical algorithms (mathematical models) that generate predictions about how a patient is likely to respond to different treatments isn’t the best course of action either.
To optimize patient care, some experts believe a hybrid approach that integrates clinical intuition, predictive algorithms, patient preferences, and other key factors is essential.
1. According to the passage, clinical intuition is influenced by ________.A.rapid judgement |
B.medical algorithms |
C.conscious awareness |
D.professional knowledge |
A.Clinicians have a sharp eye for a patient’s condition. |
B.Machines always generate more accurate predictions. |
C.Doctors should summarize the experiences they’ve seen. |
D.Physicians’ interactions with patients have been devalued. |
A.To introduce the wide use of clinical intuition. |
B.To explain the logic chain of clinical intuition. |
C.To prove the accuracy of clinical intuition. |
D.To present feedbacks on clinical intuition. |
A.On the road. | B.In the hospital. | C.At the man’s home. |
1. Where does the conversation take place?
A.In a school lab. | B.In a hospital. | C.In a park. |
A.Get an X-ray examination. |
B.Try to move her fingers. |
C.Go to find her bike. |
A.At 2: 00 p.m. | B.At 3: 00 p.m. | C.At 5: 00 p.m. |
To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from
After over a decade of field research, Li
Since its first publication in 1596, the book
Today, there are a
1. How many beds are there in the room?
A.Three. | B.Four. | C.Five. |
A.The hospital provides everything. |
B.The man will leave soon. |
C.There is not enough space. |
A.At 8:30 a.m. | B.At 10:00 a.m. | C.At 1:00 p.m. |
A.Drink alcohol in special places. |
B.Smoke between 2:00 pm and 5:00 pm. |
C.Press the button for help. |
A.Boss and employee. | B.Doctor and patient. | C.Friends. |
1. How did Katrina have an accident?
A.She sped through a light. |
B.She drank a lot and hit a car. |
C.Her car was hit by a drunk driver. |
A.She was seriously hurt. | B.She is asked to do so. | C.She needs an operation. |
A.A card. | B.Flowers. | C.A cake. |
A.Policeman and driver. | B.Doctor and patient. | C.Workmates. |
Incense (香) boasts a long history,
Since the Tang and Song dynasties, burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music have been known as the “four arts for literati (文人)”.
Moreover, medical incense is an essential part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which considers preventative healthcare as