1 . Take these easy steps to keep your eyes healthy.
EatWell
Quit Smoking
It makes you more likely to get cataracts (白内障), among many other medical problems. If you’ve tried to kick the habit before only to start again, keep at it.
Use Safety Eyewear
If you use dangerous materials on the job or at home, wear safety glasses. Sports like ice hockey, racquetball, and lacrosse can also lead to eye injury.
Look Away From the Computer Screen
Staring at a computer or phone screen for too long can cause trouble focusing at a distance, dry eyes, headaches, and neck pain. To protect your eyes, you can try the following strategies. Make sure your glasses are up to date and good for looking at a computer screen. Choose a comfortable, supportive chair. If your eyes are always dry, try using artificial (人工的) tears.
| A．Wear eye protection. |
| B．Rest your eyes every 20 minutes. |
| C．Good eye health starts with the food on your plate. |
| D．Take tests to see how well your eyes work together. |
| E．They can provide general eye care and treat eye diseases. |
| F．A well-balanced diet also helps you stay at a healthy weight. |
| G．The more times you try to quit, the more likely you are to succeed. |
1. What’s wrong with the man?
| A．His right leg aches. |
| B．He can’t sleep. |
| C．He has a fever. |
| A．His strange habit. |
| B．His working too hard. |
| C．His unhealthy diet. |
| A．At 2 pm. |
| B．At 5 pm. |
| C．At 7 pm. |
| A．He is healthy. |
| B．He is lazy. |
| C．He is busy. |
3 . On July 28, I retired from my position. After teaching for many years, I looked forward to kayaking (划独木舟) with my grandsons, seeing friends and traveling for leisure with my husband. But my body had other plans for me. A broken spine (脊椎) in my back took me down a path that upended my plans.
I have long had back pain. However, I pushed through the pain to do my work, which worsened my condition. Doctors urged an operation when increased disability meant I could not sit, stand or walk for a long time. But I wanted to see whether physical therapy (治疗) could create an easier option.
Indeed, hard work with a great physical therapist has let me improve my mobility, sitting and standing. But X-rays told a different story. My spine was unstable and bending. After careful consideration and a second opinion from another professional, I agreed to surgery yet in the near term. Needless to say, the past months have been tough and the way ahead will be even tougher. Kayaking with my grandsons in the peacefulness of the lake is all out of reach, for now.
When I met my physical therapist for the first time, I was a mess. He listened to me outline my history with tears and then calmly said, “You have to make friends with your body.” I have repeated that line to myself daily and worked to embrace my body. I have focused on gratitude. I’m grateful that I do not have a fatal disease. I’m grateful that the body I have remains alert to the world, loved by family and friends. I’m grateful that I am still myself.
I don’t know exactly how the future will play out. The surgeon assures me that I should be able to get in my kayak by summer. But I may have to make friends with a different body, one that is mine regardless of the shape.
1. Why did the author’s condition become worse?| A．She disliked physical therapy. |
| B．She hurt her back when kayaking. |
| C．She still worked despite back pain. |
| D．She was unwilling to have an operation. |
| A．She forgot to kayak with her grandsons. |
| B．She decided to accept an operation right away. |
| C．She completely recovered after physical therapy. |
| D．She asked another doctor for advice on the operation. |
| A．Her wish to enjoy retirement life. |
| B．Her physical therapist’s advice. |
| C．Her worsening physical condition. |
| D．Her love for her family and friends. |
| A．Learning to accept my body |
| B．Enjoying my retirement life |
| C．Fighting against my back pain |
| D．Being grateful for what I have |
| A．Making the wearer feel tired. |
| B．Gradually weakening an adult’s eyes. |
| C．The loss of vision in children. |
| D．Permanent change of the eye structure. |
| A．Working hard. | B．Wearing sunglasses. |
| C．Watching TV in poor light. | D．Reading in bed. |
| A．Ways of choosing eye glasses. |
| B．Suggestions of eyesight protection. |
| C．Untruths of eye glasses and eyesight. |
| D．Proven facts of the benefits of eye glasses. |
5 . If there was an app on your phone that claimed to improve your memory, would you be willing to try it? It’s hard to resist the idea of having a better memory. After all, our memories are delicate and can be affected by various factors such as diseases, injuries, mental health conditions, and aging.
In response to this perceived need, the brain training industry has grown rapidly, offering a wide range of accessible and affordable mental exercises through smartphone and tablet apps. Many researchers have found evidence suggesting that well-designed exercises can improve mental abilities and even lead to better scores on IQ tests. They compare the brain to muscles, suggesting that targeted repetition of memory exercises can strengthen and condition our memory processes, similar to how athletes engage in strength and conditioning by repeatedly exercising specific muscle groups.
In contrast to everyday activities like reading a detailed article or solving a complex puzzle, memory training apps are specifically designed to provide a more challenging workout for the brain. These apps typically involve tasks that require tracking a large number of objects while being distracted by a secondary task, such as mental calculations or exploring a game’s landscape. If this brain training proves effective, it could be beneficial for individuals with brain-related disabilities or those recovering from conditions like cancer.
Critics, though, argue that while the concept is appealing, the overall evidence fails to demonstrate significant improvement in core brain processes. Additionally, despite the claims made by many apps and brain training companies, scientists have yet to identify the key factors that make an intervention truly effective or determine the best approaches to address the diverse needs of individuals seeking help.
While the question is still open to debate, there is evidence suggesting that short-term working memory training can benefit high-functioning individuals, such as college students. However, it’s important to note that brain training, like diet and exercise, is unlikely to have identical effects on every individual.
1. In what way is the brain similar to muscles according to many researchers?| A．In testing results. | B．In work processes. |
| C．In bodily functions. | D．In training methods. |
| A．Detailed. | B．Effective. | C．Demanding. | D．Complicated. |
| A．Legal claims. | B．Proven effects. | C．Tailored services. | D．Appealing concepts. |
| A．Can our memory be improved? |
| B．Does brain training actually work? |
| C．What have scientists found about memory? |
| D．What does the brain training industry bring? |
1. Who is the woman probably talking to?
| A．Her doctor. |
| B．Her golf teacher. |
| C．Her good friend. |
| A．In two weeks. |
| B．In three weeks. |
| C．In three months. |
| A．His leg. |
| B．His back. |
| C．His shoulder. |
7 . Wisdom teeth won’t make you smarter.
Wisdom teeth often cause problems due to their late eruption and limited space in jaws. As a result, they may become impacted, meaning they are unable to fully emerge from the gums (牙龈). This impaction can give rise to various issues, including pain and crowding of nearby teeth.
Before the surgery, dentists will carefully evaluate your specific situation to determine the most appropriate approach. During the procedure, dentists will numb (麻醉) your gum to ensure minimal pain.
Here are some tips for proper healing. Leave cotton in place for about 30 minutes and hold a cold pack against your jaw to reduce pain immediately after surgery. For the following days, don’t consume hard spicy food like nuts and peppers.
| A．How long does the surgery usually last? |
| B．Stick to soft food or liquid diets instead. |
| C．Mild saltwater is good for mouth wounds. |
| D．What happens after wisdom teeth removal? |
| E．They will then use tools to loosen the tooth and pull it out. |
| F．They’re called that because they usually come in when you get older. |
| G．To prevent or address these problems, many dentists decide on wisdom teeth removal. |
Nowadays people’s screen time is really much. Both adults
Looking at a screen for a long time is harmful
In today’s society, it may not seem that we can cut screens out
9 . Wisdom teeth seem like a biological mistake, leading to millions of surgeries per year. But for some people, these “extra” teeth come up just fine, while others don’t get them at all. What’s the biological story here?
According to the standard story, before surgical intervention, people with impacted wisdom teeth expired. Those lacking the problematic teeth increased in number, passing on genes for reduced numbers of teeth to future generations. Today, thanks to dental surgeons, individuals with impacted teeth survive and contribute to the gene pool.
But decades of research challenges this survival-of-the-toothless explanation. Many scholars now propose that wisdom teeth problems originate from our eating softer foods as children, made possible by farming and industrialization. Here’s the theory: Compared to wild resources consumed by hunter-gatherers, agricultural and processed foods are softer. Hard food during childhood seems to stimulate jaw growth, allowing mouths to grow large enough for more teeth. Soft food doesn’t require enough of a chewing workout to maximize jaw growth potential.
Around 12,000 years ago, humans began to experiment with farming, and this lifestyle ultimately took hold in most societies. Domesticated products, like wheat flour and cow’s milk, make for much softer diets than wild foods. What’s more, the industrialization of food production has really softened our meals. So the idea is that processed and/or agricultural diets reduce the stress on our jaws necessary to result in full growth when we reach early adulthood. By the time we’re reaching adulthood, there may not be enough space to accommodate our final molars (臼齿).
This theory is supported by research. For example, a 201l paper measured skulls housed in museums from six farming and five hunter-gatherer groups. The farmers, raised on softer foods, consistently had shorter jaws, which would have provided less space for tooth formation.
Consequently, many dental scientists recommend parents put some additional raw fruits, vegetables and nuts on kids’ plates, which could potentially prevent later wisdom teeth removals.
1. What does the underlined word “expired” in Paragraph 2 mean?| A．Suffered. | B．Complained. | C．Died. | D．Failed. |
| A．They tended to have very large jaws. |
| B．They hated food requiring a chewing workout. |
| C．They were often troubled by impacted wisdom teeth. |
| D．They believed in the survival-of-the-toothless theory. |
| A．Bring their kids to the dentist regularly. |
| B．Increase the number of hard foods in their kids’ diet. |
| C．Get more kids’ tooth formation knowledge. |
| D．Encourage their kids to eat more cooked vegetables. |
| A．What role do genes play in our tooth formation? |
| B．What can we do to accommodate our final molars? |
| C．Why do some people have reduced numbers of teeth? |
| D．Why do humans have wisdom teeth that need to be removed? |
10 . Scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day. While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day. Scientists found that the brain may be busy cleaning out harmful waste materials.
As with many studies, scientists turned to mice for help. They studied the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. They saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work.
Dr. Maiken led the study. The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs. It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information around us. When we are asleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake.” The scientists say that the waste material includes poisons.
They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells become smaller, which allows waste to be removed more successfully. Dr. Maiken says these poisons end up in the liver(肝脏). There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So we need to sleep because we have a cleaning system that removes many of the poisonous waste products from the brain.”
Dr. Maiken says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. She says the results show how important sleep is to health and fighting disease. The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight mental disorders(精神疾病).
1. According to the scientists, when we sleep, our brains .| A．clean themselves | B．turn off for the night |
| C．process information | D．store energy for the next day |
| A．you work in the moonlight | B．you work hard |
| C．you work only at night | D．you have an extra job |
| A．breaking it down | B．sending it to the liver |
| C．building it up in order | D．removing it from the body |
| A．Opposed. | B．Indifferent. | C．Supportive. | D．Critical. |
