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阅读理解-阅读单选 | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥大学的苏珊·戈尔丁-梅多的新的研究发现,她认为情绪以多种方式表现出来:面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但是,当人们在说话时使用手势时,他们的行为是不同的。

1 . “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.

Susan Goldin-Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research.

Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks — but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head.

In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases of which they may be unaware.

In “The Crown”, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a sophisticated aid to both.

1. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1?
A.To present an argument.B.To describe a scene.
C.To lead in the topic.D.To clarify a doubt.
2. Which statement will Susan Goldin-Meadow probably agree with?
A.The disabled seldom use gestures.B.Gestures literally embody cognition.
C.Thinking only occurs inside the brain.D.Gestures are improper in communication.
3. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs?
A.Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks.
B.People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures.
C.Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control.
D.Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Speech: A Direct Channel of InformationB.Gestures: A Vital Form of Communication
C.Italian’s Body Language: A National StereotypeD.Thinking with Your Hands: A Lifetime’s Research
7日内更新 | 40次组卷 | 1卷引用:浙江省五校联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期3月联考英语试题
语法填空-短文语填 | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了如何通过学生的肢体语言来判断他们的情绪和态度。
2 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或用括号内单词的正确形式(不超过3个单词)或根据首字母和中文提示填写单词的正确形式。

I know my students by looking at their body language. I know when students are really interested, because they lean forward and look at me. Most tend     1     (look) up and make eye contact. People have a     2     (tend) to lean towards whatever they are interested in. So if the student has his head    3     (lower) to look at his watch, it     4     (imply) he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end. When they spent all their time     5     (look) anywhere but me, I know they are amused by something else. Their favorite activity is daydreaming.     6     their chins on their hands, they occupy     7     (them) by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing     8     (anxious) may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed, they may also hide their faces in their hands like they are     9     (embarrass) or ashamed. They act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. So     10     (react) to body language is an important component of being a teacher.

2024-03-21更新 | 34次组卷 | 1卷引用:海南中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学测试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在不同文化中,肢体语言的含义和用法各不相同。文章通过举例说明了在不同国家和地区,微笑、沉默、身体接触和眼神交流等非言语行为所传达的信息和含义可能完全不同。文章强调了在国际旅行或与不同文化背景的人交流时,理解和注意这些文化差异的重要性,以避免误解和冲突。

3 . “When studying foreign speech, don’t forget about body language. ” Anne Merritt said.

Something as simple as a smile can show: friendliness in one culture, embarrassment in another, impatience in a third. Even silence means different things in different places. If you want to avoid making some mistakes when traveling abroad, you should pay attention to the following.

Touch     

Britain, along with much of Northern Europe and the Far East, has a “noncontact” culture. In those countries, there is very little physical contact (接触) in people’s daily talks. Even brushing someone’s arm by accident is the reason for an apology. However, in the high-contact cultures of the Middle East, Latin America, and Southern Europe, physical touch is a big part of daily life.

What’s more, there are different standards, for who touches whom and where. In much of the Arab world, men hold hands and kiss each other in greeting, but would never do the same with a woman. In Thailand and Laos, it is taboo (禁忌的) to touch anyone’s head, even children’s. In South Korea, elders can touch younger people with force when trying to get through a crowd, but younger people can’t do the same.

Eye contact     

In most Western countries, frequent eye contact: is a sign of confidence and attentiveness (注意). We may think that a conversation partner who looks away is either not listening to us or lying. Of course, this is not the standard around the world.

In many Asian, African, and Latin American countries, the unbroken (未间断的) eye contact would be considered impolite and rude. These cultures consider avoiding eye contact a sign of respect for bosses and elders. In these parts of the-world, children won’t look at an adult who is speaking to them, nor will employees look at their bosses.

1. In Britain, when people are talking, they usually_________.
A.avoid eye contactB.brush the others’ arms
C.avoid physical contactD.apologize for their mistakes
2. In Southern Europe, physical touch is________.
A.unnecessaryB.impoliteC.dangerousD.common
3. What does this passage mainly tell us?
A.How to have a good time abroad.B.The importance of body language.
C.How to communicate with foreigners.D.An introduction to some body language.
2024-03-19更新 | 41次组卷 | 1卷引用:江西省南昌市第十八中学2019-2020学年下学期期末联考高一英语试卷(扫描版无答案)
23-24高一上·全国·课后作业
听力选择题-短对话 | 适中(0.65) |
4 . What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Their work.B.A travel experience.C.Body language.
2024-03-18更新 | 11次组卷 | 1卷引用:Unit 5 Languages Around the World 话题 多样的语言【同步听力】-高中英语人教版2019必修第一册单元话题精练
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。研究表明,情感肢体语言在不同文化中是普遍存在的。

5 . For all the importance we place on words, whether spoken or written, much of the communicating we do on a regular basis comes through body language. According to pioneering research by Dr. Albert Mehrabian, only 7 percent of the meaning from human communication comes from the actual spoken words used. An additional 38 percent comes from people’s tone of voice, while a large 55 percent comes from body language.

Researchers have long identified that certain kinds of body movements and facial expressions can communicate information about the emotions we happen to be experiencing at the time. But are these emotional signals shaped by different cultures or are they universal to all humans?

A new research article published in the journal Emotion attempts to answer this question through a cross-cultural study. The researchers traveled to Ratanakiri, Cambodia to study members of a distant Kreung hill tribe (部落). Living in Cambodia’s highlands, the Kreung are still largely separated from the outside world except for occasional visitors. They have yet to be assimilated (同化) as many other societies have been.

In the study, a set of videos were prepared featuring an American woman, displaying three positive emotions(happiness, love and pride) and three negative emotions (anger, fear and sadness) using body language alone. The effectiveness of these videos was tested using thirty-four American participants. The videos were then presented to twenty-six Kreung individuals (eleven of whom were female). They were asked to describe the emotions being displayed in their own words.

Results showed that the Kreung participants tended to be quite accurate in guessing which emotions were being presented. The overall accuracy rate was sixty-two percent though their accuracy in detecting specific emotions such as anger and happiness was far higher. Overall, there was no significant discrepancy between Kreung and American raters in detecting emotions, though American participants did much better in detecting pride and love.

Still, the study does suggest that body movements can express emotions such as anger, fear, sadness and love even to individuals belonging to different cultures. Emotional signals reflect basic human needs and desires that all humans share. Learning more about how basic biology and social factors shape the way we communicate may well be essential in helping to understand ourselves better.

1. Why were the Kreung chosen in the study?
A.They live a hard and poor life.B.They make a living by developing tourism.
C.They enjoy a relatively unaffected culture.D.They use body language alone to communicate.
2. How does the writer describe the results of the study in Paragraph 5?
A.By using pictures.B.By telling stories.C.By analyzing causes.D.By making comparisons.
3. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A.Difference.B.Communication.C.Relation.D.Balance.
4. What did the researchers conclude from the study?
A.Emotional signals are essentially languages.
B.Emotional body language may go beyond culture.
C.Humans share all the emotional body movements.
D.Biology and social factors affect basic human needs and desires.
2024-03-14更新 | 32次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省芜湖市2023-2024 高二下学期第一次学情诊断英语试题
阅读理解-七选五 | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要就狗的一些常见肢体语言进行解释说明。

6 . Reading a pup’s body language requires experience and expert guidance. Zazie Todd, a dog trainer and founder of the blog Companion Animal Psychology, weighs in on how to decode dogs’ behaviour.

1. If your dog looks remorseful (羞愧的) when you walk in the door and see a mess…

They’re expecting punishment but don’t necessarily know that what they’ve done is wrong. Alexandra Horowitz, a professor at Barnard College in New York City whose research focuses on canine (犬科) cognition, put that ”guilty” look to the test in 2009.     1     Subsequent research out of the University of Cambridge found no evidence that dogs can even feel guilty.

2. If your dog licks their mouth…

They’re stressed Recently, two European studies have highlighted the meaning of this licking.     2     The other determined that dogs lick their mouths—and also look away—in response to a mild threat. If you spot this sign, try reducing your dog’s stress levels.     3    

3. If you’re at the vet and your dog’s tail is down…

They’re anxious. Obvious signs of an unhappy dog include hiding or trying to leave the exam room, but commonly missed triggers range from a tucked tail and lowered ears to trembling.     4     Many vets now use food to make the experience more fun.

4. If your dog leans into you during a petting session…

They like it! If you’re unsure that a dog is enjoying being petted, stop, then gauge their reaction. This is called a consent test. If they choose to wander off, the session is over.     5     Preferred spots on their bodies are to either side of the chest and under the chin.

A.You could also discuss medication with your vet.
B.It could be as simple as giving them more physical space.
C.However, if they lean on you or paw at you to get more cuddles, continue!
D.If your dog gets stressed at appointments, ask what can be done.
E.Other signs of discomfort include sniffing the floor, looking away and panting.
F.One found that it was a canine response to seeing an angry or aggressive human face on a computer screen
G.In the end, it wasn’t linked to whether the dog had transgressed but rather to being scolded by the owner.
2024-03-14更新 | 49次组卷 | 1卷引用:浙江省杭州学军中学紫金港校区2023-2024学年上学期期中考试高二英语试题
阅读理解-七选五 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肢体语言的重要性。

7 . Body language, important language

Have you ever noticed the big difference between someone’s behavior and his words? Or have you ever failed to control your body on certain occasions as a result of nervousness? Today let’s discuss how essential body language can be in our daily communication.

Studies have revealed that in the process of communication, non-verbal expression has 65% to 93% more influence than actual text.     1    

Emilie Suter, a senior student of EHL, believes that the significance of body language is reflected in the ability to help people in the process of communication.     2     Body language is the best explanation of the behavior psychology of individuals and groups.

    3     Without proper body language, you may find yourself trapped in a circle where you cannot integrate with the external environment. Therefore, you should always pay attention to how people around you use body language to express their opinions—this allows you to accurately determine your next move.

Fidgeting (坐立不安) may mean that there is a lack of interaction between the two sides of the conversation.     4     Loich Batumba, vice president of the student council of EHL, says that he clearly remembers similar experiences: “At the time of my first interview, my interviewer and I barely communicated eye-to-eye, so I could clearly feel that there was a lack of interest between our conversations.”

How to establish a good personal impression is a topic that people have repeatedly discussed.     5     This has increased the importance of physical actions for us.

A.Body language varies from culture to culture.
B.Of course, some body language is shared universally.
C.In real situations, body language matters a lot more than you think!
D.This means that “how to say” is more significant than “what to say”.
E.Turning to other directions can mean he or she does not share your opinion.
F.It helps people better understand the overall situation and thus make adjustments.
G.Interestingly, what we see is actually the most important standard for us to judge others.
2024-03-10更新 | 46次组卷 | 1卷引用:浙江省绍兴市诸暨市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题
阅读理解-七选五 | 较易(0.85) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个不当的肢体语言动作及纠正措施。

8 . Make sure to avoid the following common body-language errors, if you want to make a good impression on your conversational partner.

Continuous nodding

Nodding at all the right times and places during a conversation can show that you’re fully engaged.     1    , it’ll make you appear that you’re hoping to hide the fact that you’re hardly—or not even—paying attention. Keep your head straight, your eyes forward, and only nod when appropriate.

Crossing your arms

There’s a reason why people don’t like it when their conversational partners cross their arms: It makes them appear unwilling to talk. In the animal kingdom, we keep our arms in front of us to protect ourselves from threats.     2    .

Unsmiling

We’re not saying you should smile as if the person you’re speaking with keeps making jokes. However, you should try and keep a smile loaded up whenever needed. Smiles are also infectious.     3    , your partner will smile too.

    4    

Keeping your eyes on your feet or the ground in front of you when speaking with another person can make you look a bit ashamed of yourself. This is definitely the impression you don’t want to make on your listeners, especially in formal settings where you’re being judged by everything you say and do, such as at a job interview. So try to keep your eyes focused on the person in front of you.

Being too close

    5    . Depending on where you live, the distance between two people can be as close as two feet or as far as five. Whichever it is, give your conversational partner room to breathe freely. Nobody likes having their personal space invaded, so try and respect his or her wishes by keeping an appropriate distance.

A.Looking downward
B.But if you nod too much
C.Irregular movement of the eyes
D.Keep smiling when the other people are talking
E.But in social life, try to keep our body as open as possible
F.So if you start smiling
G.All cultures are different in terms of proper social conduct
语法填空-短文语填 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对阿拉伯文化中的肢体语言进行了详细的解释和说明,包括不同手势和动作所代表的含义和用途。
9 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的词(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。

While Arabic may be the official language of many Middle Eastern     1    (country), body language is also     2     important means of communication in Arab culture.

Placing your right hand on your heart is a warm greeting that can       3    (do)by itself or after a handshake. The gesture shows sincerity and respect.

Once you fall into conversation, there are several     4    (help)hand gestures you should know: Touching your fingertips together while holding out your hand means “wait” or “be     5    (patience).” And if your friend or colleague is feeling stressed about something, you can move your hand outward away from your body to express that there are things in life that are not worth     6    (worry)about. Call it the Arab version of “Don’t worry; be happy.”

In addition    7     hand gestures, other body language     8    (use)in daily life includes a quick movement of the head upward accompanied by a click of the tongue,     9    means “no” or “I disagree.” By contrast, tilting (倾斜) your head to the side with a smile     10    (usual)means “yes.”

2024-03-07更新 | 31次组卷 | 1卷引用:江西省九江市都昌县2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题
阅读理解-七选五 | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“碳模仿”现象,是指一个人通过模仿另一个人的姿势和手势,来告诉另一个人自己赞同他的想法和态度。同时列举这种现象经常发生的场所,以及如何利用这些知识来让对方处于一种接受和放松的心态,“看到”你理解他的观点。

10 . The next time you attend a social function or go to a place where people meet and interact, take note of the number of people who have adopted the same gestures and posture-the way you sit or stand-of the person with whom they are talking.     1     By this method, one is non-verbally (非语言的) saying to the other, “As you can see, I think the same as you, so I will copy your posture and gesture.”

    2     Take, for example, the two men standing at the hotel bar. They have mirrored each other’s gestures and it is reasonable to assume that they are discussing a topic upon which they have the same thoughts and feelings. If one man uncrosses his arms and legs or stands on the other foot, the other will follow. If one puts his hand in his pocket, the other will copy and this mimicry will continue for as long as the two men are in agreement.

This copying also occurs among good friends or people of the same social position and it is common to see married couples walk, stand, sit and move in very similar ways.     3     The significance of carbon copying can be one of the most important non-verbal lessons we can learn, for this is one way that others tell us that they agree with us or like us. It is also a way for us to tell others that we like them, by simply copying their gestures.

If an employer wishes to develop immediate friendliness and create d relaxing atmosphere with an employee, he needs to copy the employee’s posture to achieve the end.     4     Using the knowledge, it is possible to influence a face-to-face encounter (邂逅) by copying the positive gestures and postures of the other person.     5    

A.Observing people talk is a good way to understand this idea.
B.This “carbon copying” is a means by which one person tells the other that he is in agreement with his ideas and attitudes.
C.Similarly, an up-and-coming employee may be seen copying his boss’ gestures in an attempt to show agreement.
D.This unconscious mimicry (无意识模仿) is quite interesting to observe.
E.This has the effect of putting the other person in a receptive and relaxed frame of mind and he can “see” that you understand his point of view.
F.Such a way of copying expresses the idea of following one’s example.
G.People who are strangers, however, try hard to avoid holding mutual (相互的) positions.
2024-03-06更新 | 69次组卷 | 1卷引用:北京市第一六一中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学考英语试题
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