1 . 根据汉语提示完成短文。

Nicholas, intrigued by adventure stories,     1     (出发去滑雪) with his father. They had a wonderful day. When they were to leave, Nicholas decided to go down unusual trails himself. Unfortunately, a fierce snowstorm swept the area and Nicholas was lost. He remembered the story he ever read, in which a man was abandoned in a wild area and had to help himself out. “I would not shrink from danger. It’s time to     2     (我学到的技巧付诸实践了),” he whispered. He determined to     3     (逃命). Although in a subdued mood, he would not retreat.     4     (再三考虑之后), he     5     (全身心地建一个雪洞) to keep himself warm. The next day, he was found by his father, safe and sound.

2 . 短文填空

Suddenly, the aftershock struck, which made the rescue work more difficult. “A nurse in the ward was covered with rubble,” a doctor screamed with horror then. We volunteers rushed to     1     (帮助医生抢救被掩埋在废墟里的护士). Although we were faced with falling rubble from time to time, we focused our efforts on removing the bricks and the rubble that trapped her.     2     (通过我们的共同努力), the nurse was rescued. It was a miracle that she survived the earthquake.     3     (我们的努力和付出是值得的).

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    1     moment I stepped out of school, I saw a dark blue­gray cloud approaching. But I didn’t know what a huge tornado was. I heard my mother yell my name. She asked me to get in her car. I ran to the car and got in. She     2     (immediate) started the car and headed for our house.

When I looked back at the cloud, it had a small funnel­looking (漏斗状的) cloud inside. We finally got to our house and then we heard a loud siren (警笛). My dad looked scared in the     3     (emergent). He brought the radio and a flashlight, while my mom    4     (grab) some batteries. My mom attempted     5     (shelter) me from the disaster. We turned on the radio and heard that an EF­2 tornado had touched down just east of my school. Then I heard a long deep sound that began to shake the house. That was the most horrible moment of my life and I hoped nothing like that     6     (occur) again.

4 . 根据课文内容，在空白处填入所缺的单词。

About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.     1     covered the ground like red autumn     2    .

5 . Jeannette Frescas was not concerned about the Thomas Fire until the fire reached her neighborhood in Ventura, California. “At midnight, I woke up with a flashlight in my face,“ Frescas told CNN.“I looked out of my window and there were flames, a hundred feet, all around us.”

Like many residents, Frescas was caught off guard by the fire that had roared across Southern California for 13 days. She’s one of tens of thousands of residents who got into cars and fled as winds drove the third-largest fire in modern state history through Ventura and Santa Barbara counties.

“What was once a paradise (天堂) was like a war zone (地带),” Frescas said of her apartment, which was destroyed by the fire. “It’s the scariest thing I’ve been through in my entire life.” Ventura resident Patricia Rye woke up to her son-in-law pounding on her door. She didn’t get a chance to pack any valuables. “I didn’t have time to take anything,” Rye said. “My wallet, or any of my personal things.”

The fire was so terrible that more than 8,400 firefighters were working around the clock to save lives and contain (控制) it. Twelve thousand people were evacuated (撤离) in Santa Barbara County, with animals at the local zoo threatened as well. Santa Barbara Zoo closed and many animals were placed into cages in case of possible evacuations. The zoo had kept most animals indoors, away from smoke.

Meanwhile, residents who had evacuated their homes in Ventura County-where the fire began-were allowed to return on Saturday. Jim Holden considered himself lucky that firefighters saved his home and items. “They put a water screen between my house and the house next door that was burning in an attempt to save it,“ he said. “They broke in and they saved my family photos and my computer, and things that they thought would be important to me.”

1. What made the fire more terrible?

A．A strong flashlight.

B．High flames.

C．Injured residents.

D．A strong wind.

2. Why didn’t Rye take her valuables?

A．Her son-in-law helped her.	B．The situation was urgent.
C．She had a lot of money.	D．She had nothing to take.

3. Why did the Santa Barbara Zoo keep animals indoors?

A．They prepared for the possible evacuations.	B．They only put enough food there.
C．They wanted to keep them from smoke.	D．They prevented them from cold weather.

4. What did the firefighters do to save Jim Holden’s house?

A．They evacuated him from his home.	B．They put a water screen.
C．They broke into his house.	D．They took out important things.

6 . 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

As students, what can we do to prevent natural disasters     1     happening and reduce the loss to the minimum? First of all, we should do our part to protect the environment. At the same time, measures must be taken     2     (raise) the public’s environmental awareness. We can give lectures, hand out booklets specially     3     (design) for the public or hold photo exhibitions of natural disasters. Secondly, in view of our     4     (limit) knowledge, it’s very practical and helpful to have more knowledge about natural disasters. Having some basic first­aid knowledge and survival skills, which will be     5     (benefit) to us all, is also essential. Last but not least, we hope the government should pay more attention to forecasting technology and allocate more funds for related research. I am convinced that if everyone does his best, we can live in harmony     6     nature.

7 . 假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Peter看见了中国某地发生特大洪水的新闻,给你写邮件询问政府和人民是如何应对自然灾害的。请你用英语给他回一封邮件,内容包括:
1.政府组织救援及医护人员救灾,并及时运送救援物资；
2.人民群众自发捐款捐物。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数；
3.请在相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,

I’m grateful because you’re concerned about the flood in China.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That is how we face natural disasters as a big family.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

8 . Established earthquake warning systems provide at best just a minute or two of notice, leaving little time for preparedness. Decades of searching for a better warning sign-changes in the geochemistry of groundwater, electromagnetic effects in the upper atmosphere, and even changes in animal behavior-have failed. Many question whether such a precursor (先兆) even exists. This situation may change soon, as recent research is providing a glimmer of hope for improved earthquake prediction.

Researchers Quentin Bletery and Jean-Mathieu Nocquet from Cote d’Azur University in France collected data from over 90 earthquakes with magnitudes larger than 7 that had occurred in the past two decades.They focused on GPS station records near these quakes, which accurately captured land movement every 5 minutes with millimeter precision. They analyzed more than 3,000 time series of motion in the 48 hours leading up to the main ruptures (断裂).

They noticed that, in the first 46 hours, the records showed no significant features. However, during the 2 hours before the earthquake, they noticed signs of increasing movement along the fault zones (断层带). Essentially, there’s a slip between plates causing the land above them to move in a measurable, horizontal direction.

Could this be just a coincidence? The probability of this increase happening just before the quake and being unrelated is extremely low, and the researchers confirmed this by analyzing 100,000 random time windows in non-earthquake GPS data. The pattern occurred only 0.03% of the time in non-earthquake data.

While this precursor signal won’t be used for warnings anytime soon, officials from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) admit that this new study provides valuable insights into how to improve their warning systems-GPS data can grease the wheels of early earthquake warnings.

The researchers admit they're still a number of steps away from putting this precursor signal into use, particularly since detecting subtle signals at individual faults requires more GPS stations. But the biggest problem is that many of the world’s earthquake regions have no instrumentation. “We can’t realize the detection at the scale of one earthquake, so we cannot make predictions,” Bletery said.

1. What remains a tough problem for scientists?

A．Determining the magnitude of an earthquake.

B．Finding a way to detect earthquakes in early stages.

C．Measuring atmospheric changes during earthquakes.

D．Identifying animals’ possible responses to earthquakes.

2. What did the researchers find through their data analysis?

A．The chance of main ruptures occurring in fault zones.

B．The accuracy of GPS in recording land movement.

C．The existence of a two-hour precursory phase.

D．The horizontal slip within the first 46 hours.

3. What does the underlined part “grease the wheels of” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Distinguish

B．Contradict

C．Overmatch

D．Facilitate

4. What holds back the practical application of the new findings?

A．The inaccessibility of precursor signals.

B．The complexity of updating GPS equipment.

C．The challenge of identifying earthquake regions.

D．The inconsistent slip patterns of different earthquakes.

9 . 你校最近开展了一次消防演练活动，请你为校英文报写一份主题为“Focus on Fire Safety, Cherish Life”的新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动过程和感受。
注意：1. 写作同数应为80个左右。
2. 参考词汇：灭火器 fireextinguishers; 消防栓 fire hydrants
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the report about?

A．A storm.

B．A movie.

C．A village.

2. How many houses were damaged altogether?

A．14.

B．36.

C．200.

3. What were the farmer couple probably doing when hearing a loud noise?

A．Preparing breakfast.

B．Repairing their house.

C．Looking for their children.

4. What was the old woman’s first reaction when her house began shaking?

A．Calling her husband.

B．Taking something out.

C．Rushing out with her grandchildren