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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章谈论了亚太地区人口老龄化的话题,到2050年,老年人数量会翻番,说明了其背后的原因,还提出了应对老龄化的措施。

1 . In 2050, one in four people will be over 60 in the Asia-Pacific region. Are countries there prepared to fully address the needs of older persons so that they age with dignity?

In the past, senior citizens might have been supported by their families and communities. Yet times are changing.

    1     Meanwhile, more and more governments are wrestling with increasing healthcare costs and a decreasing workforce.

More than ever, there is an urgent need for policy reform in addressing population aging. This must be driven by a shift in mindset to turn the challenges into a demographic opportunity.

    2     More and more people are living longer due to the advancements in health, nutrition, economic and social well-being.     3     This is due to a variety of reasons such as challenges in striking a work-life balance to not being able to afford having more children. However, low fertility and longer life expectancy are not the problem. The real problem is not being ready to face this rapidly changing demographic shift.

It is noteworthy that, in the Asia-Pacific, with more than half of the older population being women, it is crucial to adopt a life-cycle approach to population aging, grounded in gender equality and human rights. Investing in each stage of life determines the path of a woman’s life course. When a girl has access to quality education, it helps her make informed decisions about life-changing matters.     4    

While there is no single comprehensive policy that can address population aging, we need to take action now.     5     In so doing, countries in the Asia-Pacific region can hope for, and achieve, a better future for all, where no one is left behind.

A.Couples are having fewer babies.
B.Pensions are increasing, pressuring governments further.
C.We must rethink population aging, celebrating it as the victory of development.
D.Migration and urbanization have shifted traditional support systems for the elderly.
E.The decisions she makes paves the way towards a healthier and wealthier silver age.
F.We must invest in better policies that focus on the needs of people at every age of their life.
G.Life-long gender discrimination leaves women even more disadvantaged in an aging society.
2024-03-14更新 | 47次组卷 | 1卷引用:江苏省扬州市宝应区曹甸高级中学2023-2024学年高三下学期2月英语综合训练
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了亚洲出生率下降这一现象,许多亚洲国家正采取措施竭尽全力与低出生率作斗争。

2 . Falling birth rates are a major concern for some of Asia’s biggest economies. Government s in the region are spending hundreds of billions of dollars trying to reverse the trend. Will it work?

Japan began introducing policies to encourage couples to have more children in the 1990s. South Korea started doing the same in the 2000s, while Singapore’s first fertility (生育) policy dates back to 1987. China, which has seen its population fall for the first time in 60 years, recently joined the growing club.

While it is difficult to quantify exactly how much these policies have cost, South Korean President YoonSuk-yeol recently said his country had spent more than $200bn (£160bn) over the past 16 years on trying to boost the population. Yet last year South Korea broke its own record for the world’s lowest fertility rate, with the average number of babies expected per woman falling to 0.78. In neighbouring Japan, which had record low births of fewer than 800,000 last year, Prime Minister Fumio Kishida has promised to double the budget for child-related policies from 10tn yen ($74.7bn; £59.2bn).

Having a bigger population who can work and produce more goods and services leads to higher economic growth. And while a larger population can mean higher costs for governments, it can also result in bigger tax revenues (税收). Also, many Asian countries are ageing rapidly. Japan leads the pack with nearly 30% of its population now over the age of 65 and some other nations in the region are not far behind. Compare that with India, which has just overtaken China as the world’s most populous nation. More than a quarter of its people are between the age of 10 and 20, which gives its economy huge potential for growth. And when the share of the working age population gets smaller, the cost and burden of looking after the non-working population grow. “Negative population growth has an impact on the economy, and together with an ageing population, they won’t be able to afford to support the elderly,” said Xiujian Peng of Victoria University.

1. Which Asian country first took measures to increase population in this passage?
A.Japan.B.South Korea.C.Singapore.D.China.
2. What can we learn about the population of Asian countries from the passage?
A.Japan hit the lowest record of new-born babies last year.
B.India has the largest and youngest population in the world.
C.China’s population has been decreasing in the recent 60 years.
D.South Korea had the lowest population record last year in the world.
3. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A.The economy of India will overtake that of Japan.
B.Negative population growth leads to an ageing population.
C.The larger the population is, the better the economy will be.
D.A bigger share of working age population helps support the elderly.
4. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Low birth rate is a negative factor for economy.
B.China is joining the countries of low birth rate.
C.Many Asian countries came to negative population growth.
D.Many Asian countries are trying all out to battle low birth rate.
阅读理解-阅读单选 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇新闻报道,主要是对世界人口现状和增长趋势的分析。

3 . On November 15 in 2022, the United Nations (UN) reported that the number of people on Earth had grown to eight billion (8,000,000,000). That came just 11 years after the world reached seven billion people. The world faces challenges ahead as the population continues to grow.

The world’s population – the number of people on the planet – has grown rapidly over the last 200 years. In 1805, for the first time ever, the Earth had a billion people on it. It took over 100 years for that number to double to two billion. In less than 50 years, it had doubled again to four billion. Now, again in less than 50 years, the number has doubled once more to eight billion.

How fast local populations are growing depends a lot on where you are in the world. Typically, as countries become richer, their population growth slows. In some countries, like Japan, the number of people is actually shrinking. The greatest population growth these days is found in Asia and Africa.

Currently, China, with a population of 1.4 billion, is the country with the most people. That’s expected to change in the next year, when experts say India will pass China as the country with the world’s largest population. Other countries where rapid growth is expected through 2050 are the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Tanzania.

1. When did the world’s population reach 7 billion?
A.In 2022.B.In 2011.C.In 1905.D.In 1805.
2. Which statement agrees with the UN’s report?
A.Japan’s population is increasing sharply.
B.Pakistan’s population keeps dropping slowly.
C.A country’s population completely relies on its richness.
D.The world’s population is growing more rapidly since 1950.
3. Which country will probably have the largest population in 2023?
A.China.B.Nigeria.C.India.D.Egypt.
2024-01-18更新 | 17次组卷 | 1卷引用:四川省宜宾市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人口增长的影响。

4 . The world’s population reached five billion on the day I was born. That was in Indonesia back in 1987, and my parents was shocked that there were so many people on the planet.     1     In October 2011, the seven billionth baby was born, and experts predict that there will be ten billion of us before the end of this century.

    2     If you said “hello to a different person every second, it would take you 222 years to greet everyone on the planet. If seven billion people made a human chain with their hands, the chain would go to the moon and back nine times.

The human population has never been bigger, but in some ways the planet seems to begetting unbelievably smaller. In the past, travellers from Europe to Indonesia spent months at sea. Now you just have to sit on a plane for a few hours. When you arrived in another country a hundred years ago, you saw unfamiliar styles of clothing and buildings and discovered a completely different culture. In many places today, clothing and new buildings are very similar, and people enjoy the same things.     3    

Even the languages that we use are becoming more global. There are around seven thousand languages in use today.     4     I grew up in a small village where everyone spoke Baras, one of Indonesia’s local languages. Today, like most of the youth from my village, I live in the capital, Jakarta, and speak Indonesian there. The only regular Baras speakers at present are the older people who have stayed in the country, so the language is threatened with extinction.

A.But the number is decreasing fast.
B.Although we are on different continents, we are starting to live the same lives.
C.The planet might be a lot more peaceful if that were the case.
D.However, since then the population has continued to increase at an alarming rate.
E.A number as big as seven billion is hard to imagine.
F.With only one language left, there will be no culture difference in the world.
2024-01-16更新 | 22次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市奉贤区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试卷
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
语法填空-短文语填 | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了移民对于美国文化的影响。
5 . 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Do you know the nickname of America? A look at the history of the United States indicates that so far this country     1     (call) “a melting pot”, in which various immigrants and ethnic groups have learned to work together to build     2     unique nation. So who are the real Americans? The answer is that any and all of them are! And you, no matter     3     you come from, could also become an American if you want. Then you would become another    4     (add) to America’s wonderfully rich “nation of immigrants”.

The United States is     5     (current) shifting from being a nation of immigrants of mainly European origins to one of immigrants from other parts of the world. They hope to escape     6     (economy) hardship in their native countries. They desire     7     (seek) a better education and a better life in America. Although there are frequent     8     (conflict) between the cultures they have brought with them from the “old country” and those found in American, most immigrants have learnt to adjust     9     and love their adopted land.

Over time, Americans have learned much from the customs and ideas of the immigrants. In other words, immigrants have a huge impact on American society,     10     (enrich) American life greatly.

2024-01-09更新 | 115次组卷 | 1卷引用:2024届云南省昆明市第一中学与红河州第一中学高三联考一模英语试题
语法填空-短文语填 | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是说明文。主要介绍了世界人口日成立的历史和过程以及庆祝方式等。
6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

World Population Day was founded by the United Nations, and this holiday is    1    (annual) observed on July 11th.

The idea of World Population Day started in the late 1960s,    2    world leaders openly declared that adults have the right    3    (choose) whether they wanted children or not. This idea was also viewed as a human right. During this era, leaders were more open about    4    (discuss)child-bearing and the right women had to time their children    5    they wished. While this was just one of the    6    (sign) to the feminist movement in the US, this idea was new to many developing nations at the time.

In 1989, the world population quickly increased to five billion. During this same year, the United Nations founded World Population Day. Both events    7    (occur) on July 11th of that year.

World Population Day is celebrated in many ways‒‒much of this depends on the region. For participants who live in countries where gender    8    (equal) is a law, the holiday is meant to be     9    reflection and celebration of significant moments in history that helped society achieve this basic human right.

Every July 11th, the United Nations also has central celebrations in which all nations    10    (permit) to participate. In addition, the UN holds an annual theme.

文章大意:这是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了中国教育成本高的现状。

7 . New research shows that the cost of raising a child in China is nearly seven times its GDP per capita (头数), far more than in the United States and Japan.

GDP, or gross domestic product, is the measure of the total value of goods and services in a country. GDP per capita is a measure resulting from GDP divided by the size of a nation’s total population.

The high cost of child-raising is one more difficulty Chinese policymakers face as they try to deal with quickly decreasing birth rates.

Experts warn China’s aging population will put pressure on its health and social security systems. A decrease in workers could also severely limit growth for the world’s second largest economy in the coming years.

New policies permit families to have as many as three children But China’s birth rate dropped to 7.52 births per 1,000 people in 2021. That is the lowest since the National Bureau of Statistics began recording the information in 1949.

The high costs of raising a child have caused officials in China to place restrictions (限制规定) on the private tutoring industry. Some areas have been giving couples money for having a second or third child.

The average cost of raising a child to the age of 18 in China in 2019 was 485,000 yuan for a first child. That is 6.9 times China’s GDP per capita that year. That information comes from a recent report from the YuWa Population Research Institute in Beijing.

China ranks second highest among the 13 countries included in the study. The country is behind only South Korea, which has the lowest birth rate in the world. The United States number, based on 2015 data, is at 4.11 times GDP per capita. Japan stands at 4.26, based on data from 2010.

Child raising costs are even higher in China’s major cities, reaching more than 1 million yuan in Shanghai and 969,000 yuan in Beijing. Birth rates in the two cities are even lower than the national average.

YuWa warned the decreasing birth rate would “profoundly (深刻地) affect” China’s economic growth potential, its ability to create and its welfare (福利) problems.

The study found that China would need to spend at least 5 percent of its yearly GDP to provide reasons for couples to have more children. That would include education funding (基金), special housing loan (贷款) rates and tax breaks. Other considerations include equal time for mothers and fathers to be away from their jobs and the building of more childcare centers.

1. Why do officials in China place restrictions on the private tutoring industry?
A.Because of the high cost of childcare.
B.Because there are too many extra-curricular tutoring classes.
C.Because the tutoring industry does not help students improve their grades.
D.Because many families want to give their children more leisure time.
2. What can we know from the passage?
A.China has the lowest birth rate in the world.
B.The cost of childcare in Beijing is higher than that in Shanghai.
C.The reduction of workers won’t limit China’s growth in the future.
D.The birth rate in 2021 has been the lowest since 1949.
3. What is the GDP per capita in 2019?
A.About 3,346,500 yuan.B.Around 70,300 yuan.
C.Less than 50,300 yuan.D.More than 80,000 yuan.
4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The measures that can reduce education costs.
B.The conclusion of the research by YuWa Population Research Institute.
C.The ways to increase the birth rate.
D.The impact of the decline of the birth rates.
2023-11-06更新 | 21次组卷 | 1卷引用:湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次适应性检测英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界的人口情况以及中国生育政策的一些变化。

8 . According to the recent (最近的) report, five of the ten most populous (人口众多的) countries are in Asia, three in the Americas, and one each in Europe and Africa. With over 1.4 billion people, China has the largest population in the world. India comes in second with 1.355 billion, and the United States comes in third with around 328 million. Indonesia comes in fourth and Pakistan comes in fifth of the world’s most populous countries.

However, China is facing a serious aging population problem now. To solve the problem, China began relaxing its family planning policy (生育政策) in 2012. It said that if either one of the couples was the only child of their parents, they could have two children in 2013. And in 2016, China further relaxed the two-child policy (二胎政策) to all couples. In 2021, China allowed all couples to have three children.

However, a good family planning policy alone is not enough. The government should find ways to lower the cost of raising children and improve the elderly care services. Also, a friendly social and cultural environment should be provided for couples who want to have three children.

1. Half of the ten most populous countries are in         .
A.The AmericasB.AsiaC.Africa
2. Which countries have a population of over 1 billion?
A.China and the US.B.Indonesia and China.C.India and China.
3. When did China relax the two-child policy to all couples?
A.In 2012.B.In 2013.C.In 2016.
4. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The changes of China’s family planning policy.
B.The influence of China’s family planning policy.
C.The problem of China’s family planning policy.
5. To solve China’s population problem, the government         .
A.need more people’s helpB.need to do more workC.should take care of elderly people
2023-10-27更新 | 12次组卷 | 1卷引用:海南省川绵中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月第一次月考英语试题
阅读理解-七选五 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了利用卫星查看贫困地区的情况以提供援助。

9 . COVID-19 shutdowns forced people out of work and pushed tens of millions into poverty worldwide. Governments tried hard to provide aid. It was easy in a small country, but difficult for a country with large population and vast rural areas.     1     Doing a detailed, nationwide, house-to-house survey takes people time and money. Luckily, satellites can see poverty from space.

Researchers have been finding ways to identify areas of wealth and poverty in satellite images. Through some satellite data and aerial images of one town or another, you can sort of tell whether it’s wealthy or not. Wealthier homes tend to have metal roofs while poor homes tend to have thatched roofs. Wealthier neighborhoods have paved roads and bigger plots of lands, more spaced out.     2     The researchers trained artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize these patterns.

    3     The researchers put AI to work studying patterns of mobile phone use in those regions. Rich people will make just more phone calls than poor people. They also might make more expensive international calls. They might use more mobile data because they have smartphones.     4    

The researchers use the system to identify about 60,000 people to receive benefits. The advantage of the satellite imagery and phone data approach is that it’s extremely fast and very convenient.     5     In shocks like climate disasters where there’s no time or way to get detailed information on the ground, satellites mobile phones and AI could help deliver aid quickly to people in need.

A.It was opposite in a big country.
B.How do they locate the neediest people?
C.So there’s a lot of information in the images.
D.Most importantly, it’s very cheap to carry out.
E.Worse still, it’s not so economical as a house-to-house survey.
F.However, in general, poorer people will just have feature phones.
G.What the researchers did next was to target the neediest people in those regions.
2023-07-17更新 | 82次组卷 | 3卷引用:广西壮族自治区贵港市2022-2023学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题
2023高三·湖南·学业考试
完形填空(约120词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球人口不断变多的现状,科学家正致力于找出解决方案。

10 . There are many people in the world now. There will be even _________ people later this century. The earth will he crowded and there will be very little room _________ each person. Maybe there will be only _________ room on the earth in 600 years. That will be a very serious problem, so man is taking some _________ to solve the _________.

The moon is the satellite of the earth. Maybe man will go to live on the moon one day. _________, Americans and Chinese have _________ there. But there is no air, no plants, and no life. So _________ are doing experiments in many ways. They will find _________ to these problem __________ man can live on the moon. I’m sure our dream will come true by the end of this century.

1.
A.moreB.mostC.lessD.better
2.
A.toB.atC.withD.for
3.
A.standingB.sittingC.sleepingD.doing
4.
A.measuresB.medicinesC.policiesD.tools
5.
A.puzzleB.accidentC.questionD.problem
6.
A.GreeceB.JapaneseC.EnglishmenD.Russians
7.
A.beB.isC.reachedD.was
8.
A.farmersB.teachersC.workersD.scientists
9.
A.casesB.solutionsC.rootsD.tickets
10.
A.soB.afterC.sinceD.but
2023-06-07更新 | 46次组卷 | 1卷引用:湖南省2022-2023学年普通高中学业水平合格性英语考试模拟仿真试卷
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