1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。

A     1     (remark) image of the Andromeda Galaxy, located over 2 million light-years from Earth, has been released after the use of the most powerful wide-field telescope in the Northern Hemisphere, demonstrating its capability.

China’s Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST)     2     (put) into operation on Sunday in Northwest China’s Qinghai Province, developed by the University of Science and Technology of China and the Purple Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The telescope,     3     is also known as the Mozi surveying telescope, will be     4     (extreme) useful for enhancing China’s capabilities in time-domain astronomical (天文的) research, according to CAS. Mozi was an ancient Chinese philosopher who is said to be the first in history     5     (conduct) optical (光学的) experiments.

According to CAS, the WFST boasts an optical telescope of 2.5 meters in diameter and a 765-million-pixel camera, equipping it     6     the strong surveying ability that allows it to survey the entire northern sky every three nights.

The Andromeda Galaxy is     7     closest large spiral (旋涡) galaxy to the Milky Way and     8     (have) a similar structure and metallicity, making it an ideal research object for exploring the formation and evolution of the Milky Way and similar galaxies. The WFST has both a large field of view     9     high-resolution imaging capabilities, enabling it to take multicolor images of the Andromeda Galaxy and its outlying regions. The telescope generated the image using 150 photos     10     (take) on multiple nights of observation.

4 . The great flight of the Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Yang Liwei in 2003 made China the third country in the world to send a person into space. His journey of 600, 000 kilometres took one day. But the training of astronauts like Yang Liwei takes years and is very hard.

As a basic requirement, trainee (受训者) astronauts must be fighter pilots with over 600 hours of flying. This means that they have experience of flying at high speed and dealing with changes in air pressure. As well, they must have at least 4 years of college education and must be very strong and healthy. A normal trainee is 25-35 years old, weighs 55-70 kilogrammes and is 1. 60-1. 72 metres tall.

Pilots with the basic requirements then go through a long period of examination to see if they are fit for training. They stay in hospital for a month of tests, which check for any kind of physical (生理的) weakness. Moreover, they have to sit in a chair which turns around at high speed for 15 minutes, to find out how their body works. There are also mental tests to find out how they will deal with living in a very small room, and how well they will respond to dangers and solve problems.

Once they are chosen, the pilots go through a five-year course to prepare them for space flights. At the end of the five-year programme, there are final tests for the trainees. After passing these tests, they have succeeded in becoming real astronauts.

1. Why is Yang Liwei mentioned at the beginning of the text?

A．To find a result.

B．To do a research.

C．To introduce a topic.

2. Which of the following meets the requirements to be an astronaut?

A．29 years of age.

B．1. 80 metres in height.

C．75 kilogrammes in weight.

3. What is the purpose of mental tests for the pilots?

A．To ensure their proper response.

B．To warn them of possible dangers.

C．To prepare them for fighter flights.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Taking a PE Training

B．Fighting to Be a Fighter Pilot

C．Choosing Astronauts in China

5 . Wang Yaping went into space aboard the Shenzhou Ⅷ on October 16th, 2021. She became the first Chinese female astronaut (女航天员) to enter Tiangong space station.

Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours over nine years, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men. “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman,” she told Xinhua.

The hardest part is the high-G training. Sitting in a spinning (旋转的) machine, Wang would become blind for a while because her brain was short of blood. But she didn’t give in. That strong spirit finally made her dream come true in 2013.

Wang said that as astronauts, women have their own advantages (优势). “Women may be more patient and can better deal with loneliness. Women’s hearts are also easier to adapt to the weightless environment, making them more suitable for long-term missions.”

Wang Yaping sets a good example for all women who dream of going to space.

1. When did Wang dreamed of being an astronaut?

A．In 2010.

B．In 2003.

C．In 2013.

D．In 2021.

2. Wang’s words in Paragraph 2 mean ________.

A．the space environment is easy to change

B．only men can go to space station in the world

C．both male and female astronauts can go to space

D．men and women will face the same difficulties in space

3. How did Wang Yaping feel when she was having the high-G training?

A．Relaxed.

B．Interested.

C．Uncomfortable.

D．Strong.

4. What advantages does a female astronaut have according to Wang?

A．More patience.	B．Less weight.
C．More problem-solving skills.	D．Stronger.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The three astronauts aboard China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship met with another astronaut trio (三人组) on Wednesday, a     1     (history) gathering     2     added the manpower at the in-orbit space lab to six for the first time.

China launched Shenzhou-15 on Tuesday night. About 10 minutes after     3     launch, Shenzhou-15 separated from the rocket     4     entered its designated orbit. Shenzhou-15 spaceship     5     (conduct) a fast automated rendezvous and docked (自动交会对接) with the front port of the space station’s Tianhe module. The space station     6     (expand) to its     7     (large) design with three modules and three spaceships, having a total mass of about 100 tonnes. Chen Dong, the commander of the Shenzhou-14 crew opened the hatch (舱门). The three space station astronauts greeted the new     8     (arrival) with warm hugs and then they took a group picture     9     their thumbs up, shouting in chorus — “China’s space station is always worth     10     (look) forward to.”

The space reunion has kicked off the first in-orbit crew rotation in China’s space history.

7 . Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on the Earth. What many people don’t know is that rubbish is becoming a problem in outer space too. Years of space exploration (探索) have left tons of “space junk” (太空垃圾) around the planet.

According to the reports of BBC, there are more than 22,000 pieces of rubbish in space around the Earth. And these are just the objects that are easy to see. There may be millions of smaller pieces of rubbish that we can’t see.

The pieces of space junk move around the planet at very high speeds. They move so fast that even a very small piece can become dangerous. If they crashed (碰撞) into each other, it could cause explosions that might even hurt people on the Earth. If the tiniest piece of rubbish crashed into a space shuttle (航天飞机), it could blow open a hole as big as an elephant.

To help solve this problem, countries around the world have agreed to limit the time their space tools stay in space to 25 years. Each tool must fall safely into the Earth’s atmosphere, or upper parts of the sky. There, it will burn up, and it won’t crash near the Earth.

1. What is becoming a problem in outer space?

A．Unseen things.	B．Many big holes.
C．Too much space junk.	D．A lot of explosions.

2. Why can space junk be dangerous?

A．It may kill elephants.

B．It causes air pollution.

C．It moves faster than space shuttles.

D．It may cause explosions and hurt people.

3. What have the countries agreed to do with their space tools?

A．Burn them on the Earth.	B．Limit their time in space.
C．Let them crash in the sky.	D．Make them move slowly.

9 . Jan. 3 (UPI) – China’s Chang’e-4 lander-rover (探月车) spacecraft has landed on the moon’s far side—the first in history. The spacecraft, which launched on December 8th, touched down late Wednesday night.

“Congratulations to China’s Chang’e-4 team for what appears to be a successful landing on the far side of the Moon,” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine wrote on Twitter. “This is a first for human beings and an impressive achievement!”

In the coming months, the lander-rover will conduct scientific observations across the less-understood side of the Moon. Scientists hope the observations will offer new understanding of the satellite’s makeup, as well as its formation and evolution.

One of the challenges of exploring the far side of the moon is communication. Chang’e-4 can’t communicate directly with the scientists back on Earth. But in May, China launched Queqiao, a satellite that will help relay the rover’s communication. The satellite is positioned in a stable orbit around Earth that keeps both the scientists back on Earth and Chang’e-4 within its sight lines.

China launched more rockets in 2018 than the other global space agencies, and some analysts see their latest achievement as another symbol of their growing power and influence—an influence that extends into space.

The record-breaking lander-rover is outfitted with a variety of instruments such as cameras and a radar system. The spacecraft’s instruments will allow Chang’e-4 to measure the mineral composition of the moon’s far side.

“The successful landing is not just a scientific achievement, and it is also about China’s rise as a superpower,” Malcolm Davis, senior analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, told the Guardian. “There’s a lot of enthusiasm for the space program in China. There’s a lot of nationalism in China, they see China’s role in space as a key part of their rise.”

1. How long did it take China’s Chang’e-4 spacecraft to fly and land on the moon?

A．About two weeks.	B．Four weeks or so.
C．More than a month.	D．Two months or so.

2. What will the lander-rover do in the coming months?

A．Observe the far side of the Moon.	B．Land on the far side of the Moon.
C．Fly to the other side of the Moon.	D．Explore the near side of the Moon.

3. What does the underlined word “outfitted” in Paragraph 6 mean?

A．Covered.

B．Matched.

C．Connected.

D．Equipped.

4. What can be concluded from Malcolm Davis’ words in the last paragraph?

A．China is not satisfied with the scientific achievement.

B．Chinese show great excitement and interest in space program.

C．China will send a manned spacecraft to explore the Moon in future.

D．China’s role in space has gone beyond all the others countries in the world.

10 . Super Space Seeds

How to grow food in space if humans will one day live there. A recent experiment at the Tiangong space station makes a big step forward.

Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhou XIV mission. Since the rice experiment began on July 29, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety (高秆水稻品种) have reached a height of 30 centimeters. The seedlings of the dwarf rice variety (矮秆水稻品种) have grown to 5 centimeters, China Daily reported on Aug. 30.

While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant — it begins with a seed and ends with a mature plant producing new seeds.

Such food-growing experiments are not just for astronauts. They can also solve food problems on Earth. By sending seeds to space, we can create mutated (突变的) seeds, thanks to micro-gravity, lack of air and cosmic rays (宇宙射线). The seeds can then produce higher yields (产量) on Earth.

For more than 30 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds in space. They are planted every year in fields that cover tens of millions of hectares.

According to an engineer from Hainan Aerospace (航天) Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are “space strawberries”, which are as big as eggs. The center has also produced “space tomatoes” with yields increased by 30 percent, and “space bananas” with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.

1. How high did the tall shoot rice variety grow for the first month?

A．5 cm.

B．25 cm.

C．30 cm.

D．35 cm.

2. What does the underlined part “this one” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The dwarf rice variety.	B．The tall shoot rice variety.
C．The last rice experiment in space.	D．The rice experiment on Shenzhou XIV.

3. How does the current rice experiment differ from other experiments?

A．Its seedlings have successfully come up.

B．It goes through a complete life cycle.

C．Its seedlings are growing very well.

D．It uses completely new rice varieties.

4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Space planting is benefiting us.

B．Space planting has disadvantages.

C．People will never run out of food.

D．People are afraid of food bred in space.