1 . Across the country, October is National Financial Planning Month, a time when you might want to look back on your retirement statement or rethink investments (投资) for the new year. The month also serves as a good reminder to teach the ones you love a thing or two about money basics. Whether it’s explaining the value of a dollar or delayed enjoyment for a beloved toy, you can explain to children where money comes from, how best to keep it, and the ways that you can use well-earned cash to shape the world we live in.

Financial literacy, simply put, is the know-how to prepare, track expenses, save, plan for retirement, and manage debt. Money-saving expert Andrea Woroch says it’s never too early to start talking about finances, and it can be as simple as taking them shopping or doing everyday tasks around the house. “Your children learn from your habits and the way you spend or save and even talk about money will shape how your children manage money in the future, even if you don’t realize it,” says Woroch.

Most people think that the easiest way to teach their kids about money is to let them watch what they do — from the convenience store to online shopping. But the right way is to practice being a role model of what you hope they (and you) would do when faced with money problems or opportunities.

Woroch says including kids in setting up a budget (预算) for an upcoming event can be a great learning experience. When you have to make a budget cut, think before you complain. Watch how you talk about sacrificing (牺牲) short-term pleasure for long-term gain.

If your family is doing well despite economic downturn, you can teach your kids to appreciate what they have and encourage them to help others in need. Ramirez, a senior advisor at Tend, suggests that parents “increase children’s awareness about how money can benefit others, not just themselves, by encouraging them to raise money for a cause.” This is also a great way to develop their social awareness.

1. Why should kids have financial literacy?

A．To avoid debts.	B．To obtain happiness.
C．To become experts.	D．To form a smart view towards money.

2. Which is suggested for parents to teach children financial literacy?

A．Setting a good example.	B．Opening an online store.
C．Asking them to shop alone.	D．Making them solve money issues.

3. What does Ramirez like to see according to the last paragraph?

A．Parents praise children’s efforts.	B．Parents donate money for charity.
C．Children save money for a cause.	D．Children make money by themselves.

2 . The Miyun Reservoir (水库) near Beijing plays an important role in providing water to the capital. But not many people know this major project was actually designed by a group of university students as their graduation project. In 1959, under Jiang Nanxiang, the then headmaster of Tsinghua University, who encouraged his students to combine theory with practice, students from the Department of Hydraulic Engineering set about the project.

This is one of the stories told in the new season of Century Masters, which focuses on 11 noted educators, among them Peking University head Cai Yuanpei, promoter of mass education Tao Xingzhi and physical education advocate Jiang Nanxiang, which aired on China Education Television in March, 2024.

Produced by the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Century Masters is dedicated to people renowned for their mastery in different areas. Earlier seasons focused on famous artists, architects and writers. According to Chen Hong, the general director for the series, the new season seeks to preserve and protect the educational practices, ideas and progress of the subjects, and nurture young people in the process. “We want to crystallize the wisdom and sweat of countless educators, a precious heritage for future generations, and open a window to showcase the country’s progress. Many of them also made great achievements in other areas. This series, however, focuses on their contributions to education”, says Chen.

Unlike artists who produce physical creations, the contributions of educators are often theoretical, and so are difficult to show visually. To deal with this, the series brought the educators to life by illustrating their ideas through snapshots (快照) of their work and life. The two episodes (一集) about Ma Yuehan, a pioneer in advocating for physical education at Tsinghua University, explore his habit of regular exercise maintained since childhood, his participation in national and international competitions at university, and the way in which he benefited from being in good health.

1. What do we know about the Miyun Reservoir from the passage?

A．It was finished in the year 1959.

B．Its historical importance has not been fully recognized.

C．It was designed by the headmaster of Tsinghua University.

D．It is a product of Tsinghua University’s advanced teaching philosophy.

2. What purpose does the new season of Century Masters serve?

A．To introduce Chinese experts of all fields.

B．To dig into the all-around achievements of great educators.

C．To record the educational practices and ideas of noted educators.

D．To call upon young people to contribute to Chinese education.

3. Why does the author mention the episodes of Ma Yuehan in paragraph 4?

A．To highlight his educational contribution.

B．To serve as an example of the practice above.

C．To prove the importance of physical education.

D．To showcase his achievement in physical competitions.

4. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．Heroes of Education in Century Masters

B．Protectors of Heritage in Century Masters

C．Physical and Academic Education in Tsinghua University

D．Theoretical and Practical Education in Tsinghua University

3 . In 2017, Irish President Michael D. Higgins and his wife Sabina started the Young Irish Philosopher Awards, the purpose of which is to invite students from throughout that country to reflect on interesting questions and participate in philosophical thinking and discussion. In 2023, over 500 young thinkers came together at University College Dublin for the sixth annual gathering. The grand prize winner was Seán Radeliffe from Cork, for his essay ‘Has Plato’s tale of the cave been warning us of social media for 2,500years?’And speaking of Plato, in 2022, an award-winning documentary film entitled Young Plato received international recognition. It focuses on how Kevin McArevey, the headmaster of a primary school in Belfast’s Ardoyne housing estates, uses critical thinking techniques to empower young children to look beyond the boundaries of their violence(For more, see YoungPlato. com). As one can see, philosophy is alive and well in both the Republic of Ireland and the UK constituent country of Northern Ireland.

Ireland has traditionally been known as the Land of Saints and Scholars. In this edition of Philosophy Now, we’ll cast a cold eye on the state of philosophy past, present and future in the Emerald Isle, with a focus on Thomas Duddy’s idea, in his book A History of Irish Thought, that such an exploration must be both practical and creative.

This issue is dedicated to my late friend Seán Moran, a Philosophy Now writer and a modern Irish philosopher whom I met in Waterford many years ago, and whose humor, charm, and friendliness enriched my life. Like Tom Duddy, Seán died much too young. He demonstrated to me the true meaning of William Butler Yeats’s closing words from his poem ‘The Municipal Gallery Revisited’:

“Think where man’s glory most begins and ends

And say my glory was I had such friends.”

Prof. Timothy J. Madigan

St John Fisher University

1. What can readers probably get on YoungPlato. com?

A．How critical thinking helps students reflect on their violence.

B．How Plato’s stories influence social media every now and then.

C．How Higgins and his wife started the Young Irish Philosopher Awards.

D．How young thinkers try philosophical thinking and discussion annually.

2. What will be highlighted in this edition of Philosophy Now?

A．Ireland’s Philosophical Evolution.	B．Thomas Duddy’s ideas on history.
C．The growing reputation of Ireland.	D．The ideal way of exploring philosophy.

3. Why does the author quote Yeats’s poem?

A．To compare Seán’s achievement with Tom Duddy’s.

B．To express the author’s sorrow for Seán’s early death.

C．To appreciate the friendship between the author and Seán.

D．To demonstrate the author’s understanding of philosophy.

4. What best shows the author’s view on philosophy?

A．Creative.

B．Reflective.

C．Skeptical.

D．Confused.

4 . When my three-year-old cousin didn’t get his way and hit his mother in anger, there were immediate consequences (后果): his father calmly and firmly made it clear that this behaviour was unacceptable, and he had to apologise. Then, he lost the honor of playing with his Christmas toys for the rest of the day.     1     His parents knew that this consequence would have an impact and was something they could carry out straight away.

The most important goal of discipline (管教) is teaching children and teenagers self-management and responsible decision-making. It is not about control but instead using positive discipline. When children know what will happen, they can make choices. Parents benefit, too, from having a plan of how they will respond to specific behaviour rather than reacting in anger.

    2     Have a conversation to work through what happened in a particular situation, asking the young person how they made the decision and what the impact of their choices was. Teenagers are often unwilling to talk to parents, facing their parent’s disappointment and requests for explanations.     3     The goal of this difficult conversation is to help the teenagers understand the impact of their behaviour.

Taking responsibility and repairing harm by making changes is a powerful consequence that teaches young people about the impacts of their behaviour on others. If an older child has hurt a friend’s feelings, coaching them in talking it through and apologising.     4    

    5     And they can finally make wise choices and solve conflicts without force.

A．Sometimes, a discussion is needed.

B．This was a painful experience for the little boy!

C．It can be useless to focus on fixing the problem.

D．Therefore, it is very important that parents stay calm.

E．Typically, consequences can be thought of in three categories.

F．Those who were harmed feel heard, and relationships are repaired.

G．Overall, positive discipline aims to help children become responsible, independent, and kind.

5 . Some people only exercise self-discipline in the parts of their lives they think as necessities — such as turning up to work on time and getting the job done. But self-discipline is a skill that can be applied to every aspect of life. And the benefits can be great.     1     .

It will help you reach your full potential

When you have self-discipline, you are able to push yourself to achieve things you never thought possible. You set high standards for yourself and then work hard to meet them.     2    . It can also help you feel proud of yourself and your accomplishments. Ultimately, it can help you be the best you can be in all aspects of your life.

    3    

Self-discipline can help you get more done in less time. When you have self-discipline, you are less likely to waste time on things that are not important. This means you can use your time more effectively and get more done. This can lead to greater productivity at work, at home, and in your personal life.

It will help you be healthier

Self-discipline can also help you live a healthier life. When you have self-discipline, you are more likely to make healthy choices and stick to them. This means you will be less likely to overeat, smoke, or engage in other unhealthy behaviors.     4    . All of these things can lead to better physical and mental health.

It will help you be happier

Last but not least, self-discipline can help you be happier. When you have self-discipline, you are less likely to engage in self-destructive behaviors.     5     . This can lead to a greater sense of happiness and wellbeing.

So, as you can see, self-discipline can improve your whole life. If you want to be more successful, productive, and happier, then start working on your self-discipline today.

A．It will help you finish work on time.

B．It will help you be more productive.

C．Here’s how self-discipline can improve all aspects of your life.

D．This can lead to personal and professional success.

E．This is because you are less likely to give up when things get tough.

F．This means you will be more likely to focus on the positive and enjoy your life.

G．It can also mean you are more likely to exercise regularly.

6 . Women and girls already struggle with gender inequality, but when extreme weather damages a community, the UN found that inequalities worsen.

To explore the complex links between gender and climate change, CNN worked with seven women photojournalists to document the challenges women and girls face. This visual project gives a snapshot of the numerous ways climate crisis is changing their lives, but also shows how they are fighting back.

The Center for Girls’ Education runs a series of programs in Nigeria to help girls stay in school. One in every five of the world’s children who are out of school is in Nigeria, according to UNICEF, and it is girls who are impacted the most. More than 10 million children between 5 and 14 years old are absent from classrooms across Nigeria, according to UNICEF. For girls, the statistics are even bleaker: in states in the northeast and northwest of the country, fewer than half attend school.

This education crisis is the result of a tangle of factors, but against the backdrop of these individual factors is the broader context of the climate crisis. Nigeria is growing hotter and dryer, and extreme weather such as flash floods and landslides are becoming fiercer and more frequent. Climate disasters can make schools inaccessible and classrooms unsafe. Communities struggling to cope with extreme weather sometimes turn to their children to help or to earn extra money to support the family. And girls, whose attendance at school is already discouraged in some communities, are often most affected.

There are efforts to support girls’ education and equip them with the resources to cope with a fast-changing climate. The Center for Girls’ Education in the northern Nigerian city of Zaria runs programs to help girls stay in school and offers training on how to cope with the impacts of extreme weather. “I feel when we give the girls education on climate change, how to ease it, it will go a long way in helping the girls in how to support themselves in times of difficulties, and even help them prepare for it,” said Habiba Mohammed, director of the Center for Girls’ Education.

1. What does the underlined phrase “gives a snapshot of” mean in Paragraph 2?

A．Contrasts.

B．Strengthens.

C．Prevents.

D．Reveals.

2. How does Paragraph 3 develop?

A．By listing figures.	B．By making comparison.
C．By giving examples.	D．By drawing conclusions.

3. What contributes to girls’ absence from school in Nigeria?

A．Tense family relationship.	B．Unbearable school pressure.
C．Worsening weather conditions.	D．Inaccessible community resources.

4. What does Habiba Mohammed think of the measures taken to help girls?

A．Costly.	B．Creative.
C．Short-lived.	D．Far-reaching.

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。材料和问题读两遍。
1. Question 7: (录音)
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. Question 8: (录音)
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. Question 9: (录音)
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. Question 10: (录音)
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

8 .

I offer to pay you $200 in one year if you give me $190 today. Good deal or bad deal? It’s the kind of math problem you might encounter in real life, _________, say, whether the cosecant (余割) of a 30-degree angle is 1 or 2. You can imagine students _________ their spirits and paying attention when they realize that they need to know algebra (代数) to avoid being cheated on a loan. Math and personal finance make a _________ fit. Students grasp concepts in math much better when they see how those subjects _________ their daily financial lives.

A survey in 2022 funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation found that 61 percent of parents of students said math education should be “relevant to the real world” _________ that only 21 percent said it was. The drive for relevance goes beyond K-12 education. Some of America’s top universities are _________ personal finance into their curriculums.

Harvard has a personal finance course in the _________ department that’s taught by John Campbell, a past president of the American Finance Association. “_________, personal finance was regarded as a very sort of hands-on skill that you might teach to people who were going to a technical high school,” he told me. “There is, I would say, a modern movement to _________ of personal finance as a subject with actually a lot more intellectual content.”

In most high schools, personal finance classes are light on math, and math classes are __________ in personal finance. The FiCycle curriculum has plenty of each. “The personal finance component is incredibly __________ for our high school students,” Philip Dituri, the director of education at Financial Life Cycle Education, who has a doctorate in math education, told me. He believed that quite a lot of students would be stimulated by the __________.

There is a __________ standard for personal finance education that was put together by the Council for Economic Education and the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy. It emphasizes how to __________ one’s finances. FiCycle focuses more on the underlying concepts. It’s about “how and why individuals and households transfer consumption over time,” Financial Life Cycle Education says.

In conclusion, the integration of math and personal finance in education is not just an academic pursuit, but a __________ necessity for students to guide their real life. It is time for educational institutions to take note and adapt their curricula to better prepare students for the financial challenges of adulthood.

1.

A．similar to

B．as opposed to

C．compared with

D．coupled with

2.

A．lifting

B．lowering

C．forgetting

D．struggling

3.

A．awful

B．forced

C．perfect

D．temporary

4.

A．apply to

B．pass down

C．identify with

D．kick off

5.

A．for

B．but

C．and

D．so

6.

A．breathing

B．rolling

C．quoting

D．introducing

7.

A．politics

B．economics

C．mathematics

D．physics

8.

A．Traditionally

B．Constantly

C．Frequently

D．Thankfully

9.

A．restore

B．recover

C．reconsider

D．retell

10.

A．lacking

B．sufficient

C．absent

D．present

11.

A．depressing

B．amazing

C．challenging

D．motivating

12.

A．combination

B．separation

C．application

D．publication

13.

A．regional

B．local

C．national

D．individual

14.

A．learn

B．increase

C．examine

D．manage

15.

A．practical

B．regrettable

C．miserable

D．relaxing

9 . In a crowded migrant (移民) camp in Tijuana, Mexico, a three-year-old girl wandered ________ toward the exit. She was steps from a busy road. Estefanía Rebellón was the only person who ________ her. The writer had just driven from Los Angeles with a group of friends to drop off food and clothing to a(n) ________ organization.

It was December 2018, a time when the US-Mexico border was seeing migrants from Central America ________ violence and poverty. Rebellón rushed over to the child and took her ________. “Where are your parents?” she asked anxiously. Eventually, she and her friends found the girl’s ________ father, who had stepped away to ________ for food.

Back at home, Rebellón gathered a group of volunteer ________ via social media, and using a thousand dollars from her ________, set up a school at the Tijuana border. In five years, the pilot program has grown into the non-profit Yes We Can World Foundation, which has ________ three school buses into classrooms and established two schools.

________ by donations, the foundation’s teachers have provided a bilingual education to more than 3,000 kids. The schools ________ an official curriculum (课程) from Mexico’s education ministry. They also offer ________ courses, which help kids understand more about migration.

Rebellón has received numerous ________ for her work, including Outstanding American by Choice. As more than 6.6 million people still live in refugee camps around the world, she says she’d like to ________ the foundation’s influence and support migrant children globally.

1.

A．leisurely

B．alone

C．freely

D．abroad

2.

A．tended

B．recognized

C．invited

D．noticed

3.

A．relief

B．health

C．business

D．education

4.

A．fighting

B．preventing

C．escaping

D．worsening

5.

A．side

B．place

C．hand

D．heart

6.

A．determined

B．annoyed

C．disappointed

D．panicked

7.

A．line up

B．make up

C．stand up

D．look up

8.

A．soldiers

B．doctors

C．writers

D．teachers

9.

A．expenses

B．savings

C．bills

D．charges

10.

A．integrated

B．forced

C．transformed

D．translated

11.

A．Limited

B．Funded

C．Motivated

D．Influenced

12.

A．create

B．adjust

C．reject

D．follow

13.

A．special

B．strange

C．common

D．major

14.

A．opportunities

B．honours

C．blessings

D．messages

15.

A．display

B．possess

C．maintain

D．expand

10 . Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s, when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago. At the time, the school was plagued (困扰) by violence, low academic standards, and a ______ of resources, and many of its students were ______ as “unteachable” or “at-risk.”

Despite these ______ , Collins was determined to make a difference. She ______ to create a classroom environment that helped to develop a love of ______ , a sense of discipline, and a belief in oneself. Collins’ teaching methods proved ______ , and her students soon began to show remarkable progress. They ______ well above average on standardized tests, and many of them went on to ______ top universities.

Collins also ______ the importance of building relationships between teachers and students. She believed that strong relationships were the foundation of effective teaching, and she ______ teachers to get to know their students as individuals and to personalize their instruction ______ .

Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world, and she was ______ to speak at conferences across the world. Today, Collins’ legacy (遗产) lives on through the many students and educators inspired by her work. Her emphasis on ______ , hard work and relationships continues to be a model for effective teaching, and her ______ in the potential of every student ______ to inspire educators to make a difference in the lives of at-risk students.

1.

A．variety

B．lack

C．combination

D．network

2.

A．acknowledged

B．employed

C．recommended

D．labeled

3.

A．challenges

B．prejudices

C．differences

D．doubts

4.

A．stood up

B．ran away

C．set out

D．went on

5.

A．learning

B．joking

C．listening

D．singing

6.

A．unusual

B．mysterious

C．convenient

D．effective

7.

A．expressed

B．graduated

C．weighed

D．scored

8.

A．attend

B．apply

C．pursue

D．witness

9.

A．admitted

B．emphasized

C．assumed

D．indicated

10.

A．allowed

B．commanded

C．encouraged

D．warned

11.

A．accordingly

B．generously

C．literally

D．randomly

12.

A．advised

B．permitted

C．invited

D．persuaded

13.

A．honesty

B．discipline

C．motivation

D．success

14.

A．wisdom

B．training

C．delight

D．belief

15.

A．demands

B．struggles

C．continues

D．promises