【推荐1】Ever since Shanghai started garbage sorting (垃圾分类), one problem has bothered Shi Yuan. When people throw away wet waste (________ food waste), they have to take the waste out of the bag. This is not easy to do.

Once, when Shi was throwing away wet waste, he got food waste all over his trousers. The ________ student from Shanghai Wenlai Middle School decided to do ________ about this.

He made a ________ garbage bag for wet waste. The bag has a band of adhesive tape (粘贴带). When one end of the tape is open, the bag can be turned upside-down (翻转). People can hold the ________ end and easily throw wet garbage into the trash can.

Shi had a hard time ________ the bag. He first used tape to help turn the bag over. But the tape was a one-off product (一次性产品). He then remembered how Post-it notes (便利贴) used weak glue (胶水). He tried weak glue for the tape. Now the tape can be ________. “I want my garbage bag to be environmentally-friendly,” Shi said.

Shi’s idea ________ him a prize in the Shanghai Adolescents Science & Technology Innovation Contest. His bag was ________ a real product. He has sold over 2 million bags online. On May 4, he started selling his bag in 11 supermarkets in Shanghai.

“Like many ________ kids, I’m also busy with homework and I like to play. The only difference is that I like to observe (观察) life and find ways to make it easier,” Shi said.

【推荐2】Today, roller skating(滑旱冰) is easy and fun. _______ a long time ago. It wasn’t easy at all. Before 1970, the idea of skating didn't exist ( 存在). That changed because of a man _________ Joseph Merlin. Merlin's work was making instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and _______. People called him a dreamer. One day Merlin received a(n) _________ to attend a party. He was very pleased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to _______ how to make a special entrance at the party. Then he had an idea. He thought he would get a lot of _______ if he could skate into the room.

Merlin tried different ways to make himself move, _______ he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were his first roller skates. Merlin was very _______ of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.

_______ the night of the party Merlin skated into the room playing his violin. Everyone was surprised to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He skated on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. The mirror fell down, breaking into pieces. __________ forgot Merlin’s special entrance for a long time!

【推荐3】Have you ever licked(舔) your fingers after you finish eating a tasty treat? A _______ named Constantin Fahlberg did! He invented saccharin(糖精) by licking his fingers. He invented it by accident.

In 1879, Constantin Fahlberg _______ a project at Johns Hopkins University to find uses for coal tar(煤焦油). After a day at work in the lab, Fahlberg went home for supper. His wife had _______ some rolls(小圆面包) to go along with the meal. After Fahlberg took a bite of a roll, he thought it _______ especially sweet. He asked his wife if she had added anything to make the rolls _______. She told him she hadn't. She thought the rolls tasted the same as usual.

Fahlberg wondered _______ the extra sweetness came from. He looked at his hands _______. Then he laughed. He realized that he _______ to wash his hands before eating the rolls. His hands still had residues(残留物) from his experiments with coal tar. He thought that the chemicals on his _______ might be the source of the sweetness.

Later on, he used the residues to ________ a new material and it was called "saccharin". It is a kind of ingredient and cam make meals sweeter.

【推荐1】Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist and educator, died at the age of 91 in Hunan. He was called “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)” and he helped _______ people around the world.

Yuan was the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helped fight _______ in China. Food was a problem in China in the past. _______ people died of hunger because of they had no food. As an agronomy (农学) teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to _______ a kind of hybrid rice which has a high output (产量).

At that time, other scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was worth _______. But Yuan and his team did it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds.

In 1973, they _______ grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is _______. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and in bad _______. It can also fight disease. Its output was much _______ than common kinds of rice. With it, about 70, 000, 000 people could have food every year!

Yuan solved the food problem in China. Before he retired, he hoped to grow rice in the sea!

Yuan had two dreams—to “enjoy the __________ under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food problem.

It’s reported that the 2015 Nobel Prizes have been announced on October 5th. Sweden’s Nobel Prize committee (委员会) said the Nobel Prize for ________ will go to scientists from Ireland, Japan and China. The prize for medicine is going to Chinese researcher Tu Youyou. She ________ artemisinin (青蒿素). Artemisinin is a drug that has greatly lowered the number of people who die from malaria (疟疾). The committee said her greatest achievement is that the discovery of artemisinin has given the world new ways to fight ________ two serious diseases. It is said those diseases influence millions of people every year. Ms. Tu is the chief professor at the China Academy (学院) of Traditoinal Medicine. She is also the ________ Chinese citizen to be awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine. Mr. Tu went through about failures before she succeeded. But she never ________ and always fought on.