1. He is said __________ law in Canada now.

A．being studied

B．to be studying

C．to have studied

D．having studied

3. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _____ in making the earth a better place to live in.

A．to have played	B．to play
C．to be played	D．to be playing

4. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ______ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

A．which

B．to which

C．in which

D．when

5. The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away _____ there was a garage.

A．which

B．what

C．on which

D．where

iPhone 12

Outlook

Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED. With flat aluminum sides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nice contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”.

Camera

The iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has improved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximize detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well.

Processor

iPhone 12 is powered by the company’s new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. It’s claimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones.

Wireless charging

To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.

6. What is the size of iPhone 12?

A．About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max.	B．The same size as iPad Pro.
C．Bigger than that of iPhone 11.	D．As big as iPhone XR.

7. What’s the function of the “MagSafe” system?

A．To carry out the wired charging of iPhone 12.

B．To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air.

C．To make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories.

D．To process the information in a more rapid way.

8. Which of the followings is TRUE about iPhone 12?

A．There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back.

B．It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones.

C．All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode.

D．A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking.

For many years, school children in the US have been taken on “field trips” to cultural institutions such as museums of art. Educators arrange them in the belief that schools exist not only to teach economically useful skills, but also to produce civilized young people who appreciate the art and culture. While there are parents who will take their children to cultural places in their free time, there are plenty of other children who will never have this kind of opportunity unless schools offer it. So you could say that taking school students on field trips is a means of giving everyone equal access to their cultural heritage.

However, the attitude towards field trips in recent years is changing, with the number of tours organized for school groups falling significantly in museums all around the country. The most obvious reason is the issue of finance. Because there are increasing demands on their funds, after all, computers and sports facilities aren’t cheap, schools are forced to make a difficult choice about how to spend the limited money they have. Faced with this dilemma, field trips are an obvious thing to cut since they are seen by many as too expensive.

Additionally, the nature of these field days is also changing. Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity for cultural learning. This shift could have a basis in generational differences between teachers’ reasons for organizing days out of school. A recent survey conducted among 500 Arkansas teachers showed that older teachers were significantly more likely to take the primary purpose of a field trip as a learning experience than younger teachers, who view it as fun.

Some evidence shows the trend of fewer trips may have a negative effect on children’s development. A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowledge of and the ability to think critically about art. They also display stronger historical interest and were more likely to visit cultural places in the future. The researchers warm that if schools cut field trips or switch to less educational destinations, valuable opportunities to broaden and enrich children’s learning experiences are lost.

9. What is the original purpose of field trips to cultural institutions?

A．To teach students useful skills in economics.

B．To encourage parents to take their children there.

C．To educate students to preserve cultural heritage.

D．To make art culture accessible to every student.

10. Which factor most probably leads to the trend of fewer field trips?

A．The decrease in school funds.

B．The lack of school funds.

C．Students’ demand for fun.

D．Teachers’ generational differences.

11. What does the underlined phrase “This shift” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The switch from old generations to young generations.

B．The switch from sporting events to cultural experiences.

C．The change from an opportunity for learning to a treat for entertainment.

D．The change from educational destinations to unique attractions.

12. What can be inferred about field rips from the research by Jay Greene?

A．Students are rewarded with more cultural awareness.

B．Amusement parks enrich children’s learning experiences.

C．Cutting field trips is critical to the future of the museum.

D．Field trips ensure better future academic performance.

Curtis Whitson knew the water fall was coming. He'd rafted down the Arroyo Seco, a river in central California, before. But this year was different. Heavy snow and spring rains had turned the usually manageable falls into something fierce. And this year, instead of his friends, Whitson's companions were his wife, Krystal Ramirez, and his 13-year-old son, Hunter. As the three of them approached the falls late in the afternoon of the third day of their camping trip, Whitson could tell from the increasing roar of water in the narrow canyon that they were in serious trouble. There was no way they’d be able to rappel down(绕绳下降) the rocks as planned.

“The water was just gushing through there with tremendous force,” recalls Whitson.

They could wade to the shore, but would anyone find them there? They had no mobile phone service, and they hadn’t seen a single person in the past three days.

As he considered what to do, Whitson hit on a bit of luck-he heard voices coming from the other side of the falls. He yelled, but the sound of the rushing water drowned him out.

We have to get these people a message, Whitson thought.

Then he spotted his green Nalgene water bottle. Whitson grabbed it and carved “Help!” on it. Ramirez also reminded him that he had a pen and paper, which she'd brought to play games with, in his backpack. Whitson knew it was a long shot. But he scrawled “We are stuck here at the waterfall. Get help please!” and pushed the note into the bottle, throwing it over the waterfall perfectly.                                          

“All right, that’s all we can do,” Whitson told Hunter.

It took 30 minutes to navigate back upstream to the beach where they made a fire. With no reasonable expectation that their message in a bottle would find its way to anyone, they spelled out SOS in white rocks. As the evening wore on, they placed a headlamp with a flashing light on a ledge (岩石突出部) . Then, just after midnight, they heard a helicopter hovering above them. Whitson ran over to the headlamp and started flashing it at the helicopter. He, Ramirez, and Hunter were waving and hollering when they heard the magic words: “This is Search and Rescue. You have been found.”

It was a moment of pure happiness as the three chatted with the officers who had rescued them. Together, they marveled at the unlikelihood of it all. Two men had seen the water bottle in the water. When they picked it up, they noticed the writing on it - “Help!”.

A few days after news of the rescue broke, one of the hikers contacted Whitson.

That’s when he learned the story. There were actually two little girls hiking with the men that day. It was the girls who first spotted the bottle and swam to get it. Whitson is planning on having a big barbecue to meet the hikers-and thank them.

13. Which was NOT the trouble the Whitsons faced?

A．The water falls were fierce.

B．There was no mobile phone service.

C．All of them were not experienced in rafting.

D．They had to rappel down the rocks.

14. Which is the order that the Whitsons helped themselves out?
① They spelled out SOS on the rocks.
② Whitson squeezed the note “Get help please” into the bottle.
③ Whitson yelled to the other side of the falls.
④ Whitson carved “help” on his green bottle.

A．③④②①

B．②③④①

C．①④③②

D．④③②①

15. What does the underlined part in paragraph 6 mean?

A．It is a fantastic idea.	B．It’s a big challenge.
C．It’s a wild attempt.	D．It’s a long exploration.

16. Whitson is planning to have a big barbecue ______.

A．to celebrate their survival

B．to show gratitude to the hikers

C．to have a family union

D．to meet and thank the rescue officers

A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.

A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control - a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿病）and heart disease.

“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee --- subjectively the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee,“ said Professor James Betts, at the University of Bath in the UK.

For their study, researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments, with at least a week between them.

In one, the participants had a normal night's sleep, roughly from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning. They then experienced an interrupted night's sleep, where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.

On another night, participants experienced the same sleep interruption, but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.

They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin （胰 岛素）responses when compared to the normal night's sleep-- although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.

17. What does the underlined word “kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．A kind of sport.	B．A kind of power.
C．A kind of medicine.	D．A kind of belief.

18. What was unchanged in the three experiments?

A．The duration of sleep.	B．The blood sugar response.
C．The sugary drink.	D．The intake of coffee.

19. What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast?

A．A normal sugary drink.

B．A normal night's sleep.

C．An interrupted night's sleep.

D．A cup of strong black coffee.

20. How did researchers draw the conclusion?

A．By comparing the results.

B．By listing some examples.

C．By surveying the participants.

D．By referring to some documents.