1 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mrs. Johnson was an elderly woman who loved nothing more than sitting by the window and watching the world go by. She had lived in the same house for over 50 years and knew almost everyone in the neighborhood. She especially liked the teenagers who lived next door, a group of kids who always seemed to be up to something.

One day, Mrs. Johnson noticed that the kids seemed to be going through a tough time. They were skipping school, getting into trouble, and seemed lost and directionless. Mrs. Johnson knew that something needed to be done to help these kids, so she decided to take action.

The first thing she did was to invite the kids over for cookies and drinks. They were hesitant at first, but Mrs. Johnson’s warm smile and kind words quickly put them at ease. Over the course of the afternoon, she listened carefully as the kids shared their hopes and dreams, their fears and frustrations. She didn’t judge them or lecture them, but simply offered a listening ea r and a shoulder to lean on.

As the weeks went by, Mrs. Johnson continued to reach out to the kids. She would invite them over for dinner or take them on outings to the park, the library, or the movies. She would encourage them to talk about their interests and talents, and help them find their passions, set goals, and pursue their dreams. Mrs. Johnson became a guiding light for the neighborhood kids.

One of the kids, a boy named David, was particularly talented in music. He had a natural gift for playing the guitar and writing songs, but had never been given the chance to pursue his passion. Mrs. Johnson knew that David’s genius for music was too great to go unnoticed, so she took it upon herself to help David find a way to share his talent with the world.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Johnson contacted the community center and arranged for David to perform at a show.
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After the show, David was full of joy and excitement.
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2 . Luke Coelho recently transferred from Brazil to attend school in the United States. He understands that integrity and _________ are values appreciated in all countries and cultures. And Luke didn’t hesitate to _________ both when he found a pocket full of family _________ left behind in a(n) _________ jacket.

Andy’s Attic is a clothing donation program at Luke’s new school, and Luke recently _________ the jacket through the program. Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket.

When Luke put on the coat,_________, he found much more than a warm coat. Inside the pocket, Luke discovered some personal _________, including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings!

Luke _________ shared the news with his aunt Taryn Souza and together they set to work trying to _________ the owner of the items. With some detective work, they were __________ to find Dave. Of course, he was __________ to receive the prized pieces back, but he hadn’t even __________ that they were in the jacket!

Earlier this year, both Dave’s mother and wife passed away, so he was especially __________ to have back the wedding ring he’d bought for his wife and items that had __________ his mother. Dave stated, “This fine young man did the right thing. I totally __________ what they did for me and my family.”

1.

A．courage

B．bravery

C．generosity

D．honesty

2.

A．exercise

B．check

C．promote

D．learn

3.

A．elements

B．treasures

C．traditions

D．memories

4.

A．forgotten

B．outdated

C．donated

D．worn

5.

A．discovered

B．received

C．found

D．changed

6.

A．to his surprise

B．in relief

C．out of curiosity

D．with joy

7.

A．gold

B．art

C．material

D．belongings

8.

A．excitedly

B．hesitantly

C．eventually

D．immediately

9.

A．locate

B．recognize

C．remind

D．inform

10.

A．eager

B．likely

C．able

D．ready

11.

A．supposed

B．excited

C．surprised

D．annoyed

12.

A．mentioned

B．imagined

C．admitted

D．realized

13.

A．grateful

B．determined

C．anxious

D．amazed

14.

A．led to

B．come from

C．belonged to

D．stood for

15.

A．accept

B．appreciate

C．support

D．understand

4 . When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed an exam, her heart sank. She’d failed that test weeks earlier, and needed more work to advance her own career. But instead of anxiety, she called her friend. “I congratulated her and told her she inspired me,” she says. She was surprised when it changed her attitude, so she could share her friend’s happiness and experience her own, in turn.

Finding pleasure in another person’s good fortune is what social scientists call freudenfreude, a term that describes the joy we feel when someone else succeeds, even if it isn’t directly connected with us. Freudenfreude is like social glue, says Catherine Chambliss, a professor of psychology at Ursinus College in Pennsylvania. It makes relationships “closer and more enjoyable”. Sharing in someone else’s joy can also improve life satisfaction and resilience(适应力) and help people cooperate during a disagreement.

While the benefits of freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily. Sometimes, your loss might last, making freudenfreude feel out of reach. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, Chambliss says, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal shortcoming. And factors such as mental health and overall wellbeing(幸福) can also affect your ability to participate in someone else’s joy. Still, freudenfreude is worthwhile and there are ways to encourage the feeling.

Instead of an automatic response, freudenfreude is often an active process. To help people strengthen joy-sharing muscles, Chambliss and her colleagues developed a programme called FreudenfreudeEnhancement Training (FET). They found that depressed people who used the practices for two weeks had an easier time expressing freudenfreude, which built up their relationships and improved their mood.

Jean Grae, an artist, supports friends in this mindset. When someone gets a new opportunity or reaches a milestone, she makes sure to celebrate. Grae says she’s especially moved when anyone considered ‘other’ succeeds. “It’s truly inspirational,” she says, “because it lifts us all up and makes us shine.”

1. What do we know about Eugenie George?

A．She took pride in passing her exam.	B．She shared her success with her friend.
C．She was pleased with her friend’s success.	D．She was annoyed at her failure in an exam.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly focus on about freudenfreude?

A．Its great benefits.	B．Its disadvantages.
C．Reasons for its absence.	D．Ways of improving it.

3. Why is Freudenfreude Enhancement Training (FET) held?

A．To test the effect of freudenfreude.	B．To help people apply freudenfreude.
C．To get people to know freudenfreude.	D．To show the advantages of freudenfreude.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．How to experience freudenfreude?

B．Let’s share what leads to freudenfreude.

C．Freudenfreude: View others’ success as our own.

D．A win-win: Freudenfreude brings our own pleasure.

6 . It’s known that reading is good for a child’s vocabulary and literacy skills, teaching them math or science concepts and helping them learn history. Apart from those, reading has another benefit. Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共鸣) for the character — and empathy can be learned through various fictions. “It’s a magic eye that sees into other people’s hearts,” explains author Cressida Cowell.

Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. “Many more areas of your brain light up when you’re enjoying a story,” explains Miranda McKearney from EmpathyLab, an organization that builds empathy through reading. “Your brain thinks you are in the story… This means you experience the characters’ thoughts as if they are real.”

Empathy helps you to read people’s emotions and work out the best way to respond. This skill, called emotional intelligence, can make it easier to communicate and connect with people. Research has shown that building empathy can lead to greater kindness and tolerance. One study found that children who read the Harry Potter novels — which tell stories about humans fighting against the evil — were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless groups including refugees (难民).

This theory has been put into practice by St Michael’s Primary School. After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class — a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war — students in that school were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization Refugee Action. Their empathy also spurred them to raise £1,000 for people who were forced to leave their homes because of war.

Reading encourages children to empathise with others, which could potentially lead to several beneficial learning outcomes, new research suggests. For society to develop, creative, communicative and empathetic individuals really matter.

1. Why do readers cry about a character’s experience?

A．They have magic eyes.	B．They want to show empathy.
C．They understand his feelings	D．They have the same experience.

2. What does the author show by referring to the Harry Potter novels?

A．The process of building empathy.

B．The benefits of developing empathy.

C．The definition of emotional intelligence.

D．The results of the school’s activity.

3. What does the underlined word “spurred” mean in paragraph 4?

A．Reminded.

B．Permitted.

C．Persuaded.

D．Encouraged.

4. What might the author advise children to do?

A．Read to learn empathy.

B．Become empathetic to others.

C．Put themselves in others’ shoes.

D．Read as many books as possible.

10 . At a time when we are all experiencing an extraordinary level of stress, science offers a simple and effective way to bolster our own emotional health. To help yourself, start by helping others.

Our bodies and minds benefit in a variety of ways when we help others. Some research has focused on the “helper’s high”. Studies show that volunteering, donating money, or even just thinking about donating money can release feel-good brain chemicals and activate the part of the brain stimulated by the pleasure of food. Studies of volunteers show that do-gooders had lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol on days they did volunteer work.

In fact, the act of giving advice has been shown to be more beneficial than receiving it. In a series of studies of 2,274 people, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Chicago found that after middle school students mentored younger students about studying, they ended up spending more time on their own homework. Overweight people who counselled others on weight loss were more motivated to lose weight themselves.

Feeling responsible for other people also can help us cope with whatever challenges life brings. Emily A. Greenfield, an associate professor of social work at Rutgers University, studied a concept called ”felt obligation“, which is measured by asking people questions such as how obligated they would feel to give money to a friend in need, even if it meant putting themselves in a bind. Dr Greenfield analysed data collected from 849 participants in an ongoing study of health and well-being that asked about felt obligation as well as health-related declines they experienced over time, such as problems carrying groceries or walking a block.

As it turned out, the people who had higher levels of felt obligation—meaning they were the type of people to sacrifice for others—coped better with their own life challenges.

She noted that caring for others helps us to regulate our own emotions and gain a sense of control. “When we remind a friend that social distancing measures are temporary, and this too shall pass, we are also, in effect, reminding ourselves and serving to regulate our own emotions,” she said.

1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A．Donating money can release brain chemicals making people feel good.

B．Giving advice is more beneficial than giving money.

C．Overweight people helping others on weight loss are discouraged from losing weight.

D．People having higher levels of felt obligation are less likely to help others.

2. The underlined word   “bolster” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “_________“.

A．improve	B．maintain
C．ruin	D．blow

3. Which one is NOT a benefit of helping others?

A．Better handling life difficulties.

B．Having lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol.

C．Expressing emotions more accurately.

D．Achieving a sense of control.

4. The best title for the passage is “________”.

A．The Challenge for Volunteering	B．A Beneficial Attempt
C．The Rapid Growth of Volunteer Work	D．The Science of Helping Out