浙江省杭州高级中学2021-2022学年高二上学期迎新1月月考英语试题
浙江
高二
阶段练习
2022-01-31
230次
整体难度:
适中
考查范围:
语篇范围、主题
一、阅读理解 添加题型下试题
More than three quarters of children aged between 8 and 15 rarely or never listen to birdsong, according to a new study. The nationwide survey revealed that even more young people never watch the sunrise (90%), look at clouds (79%) or smell wildflowers (83%).
Slightly more adults take the time to enjoy the natural world. Of those who responded,62% rarely or never listened to birdsong and 57% rarely or never watched the sunrise. More than 1,000 children and 2,000 adults took part in the study.
The research was carried out by the National Trust----an organization that protects more than 500 historic buildings, ancient monuments, gardens, parks and nature reserves. Professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, who helped analyse the results, said the survey showed that people who spent more time with nature were more likely to help protect animals and the environment.
He explained, “This report for the first time demonstrates that simple everyday acts of noticing nature, that build a closer connection, are key to people taking action for nature. Every bit of connection makes a difference.”
The report found that young people were happier if they were relaxing outdoors, such as sitting in a garden. Wellbeing was also improved by engaging with activities connected to the natural world, such as writing poems and songs about animals or celebrating natural events.
To help tackle the problem, the National Trust has launched a guide to help people connect with nature. The week-by-week Get Connected to Nature programme has lots of tips for activities, all of which take between 20 seconds and 20 minutes to complete, including how to watch butterflies and bees, grow a plant on your windowsill, or build a home for animals.
1. What's the problem with the people involved in the study?A.They spent more time with nature. |
B.They didn't like to watch the sunrise. |
C.They had little connection with nature. |
D.They seldom protected animals and environment. |
A.It contributes to people's good health. |
B.It helps people to write beautiful poems and songs. |
C.It improves people's ability to celebrate natural events. |
D.It raises people's awareness of protecting historic buildings. |
A.How to be connected with nature. |
B.The feature of each activity. |
C.The advantage of the programme. |
D.The introduction to the Natural Trust. |
The discussion on renewable energy has been going on for at least a decade and people have relied on fossil fuels almost entirely for more than a century. However, the situation when fossil fuels were the most efficient and the cheapest source of energy has been left far in the past. Many countries such as Germany and Sweden have already made significant efforts to fix this situation, employing numerous power plants working on the renewable resources of energy. The most effective among these resources is geothermal energy.
Geothermal energy does not depend on the world’s economic and political situation as strongly as fossil fuels do. Besides, extracting fossil fuels adds to the price of energy produced from them. Therefore, geothermal energy is much cheaper than traditional energy, saving up to 80% of the costs over fossil fuels.
Being a renewable resource, geothermal energy produces less waste and pollution than traditional energy sources. In geothermal systems, carbon dioxide makes up about 10% of air produced. Overall, in order to produce the electricity that can be used for one hour, the geothermal systems produce 0.1 pound of carbon dioxide and other harmful gases. For a comparison, a power plant producing from gas produces up to 2 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and those power plants that work on coal produce an astonishing 3.6 pounds of greenhouse gases.
Low costs is another reason why using geothermal power plants should be the first choice for many countries. Geothermal heat systems require 25% to 50% less energy for work compared with the traditional systems for heating or cooling. Besides, geothermal equipment is less big:due to the very nature of geothermal energy, geothermal power plants have only a few moving parts, all of which can be easily sheltered inside a relatively small building. What’s more, the life span of geothermal equipment is rather long. All these make geothermal power stations easy to build and keep.
4. Fossil fuels are more expensive than geothermal energy partly because ________.A.it is free to use geothermal energy | B.the production of fossil fuels costs a lot |
C.fossil fuels are nearly used up | D.geothermal energy doesn’t depend on political situation |
A.Geothermal energy is environmentally friendly. |
B.Gas and coal are often used to produce electricity. |
C.Coal is much more efficient than gas. |
D.The geothermal systems don’t produce harmful gases. |
A.Many countries have benefited from geothermal energy. | B.Geothermal energy is well accepted. |
C.Fossil fuels are being run out of. | D.Geothermal energy has many advantages. |
Upon reflection of the ideal social moral code, within one sentence, it would be: be constructive, not destructive. Though “be constructive, not destructive” sounds sensible, there are many nuances (slight differences). Sometimes it is difficult to determine if an act is exactly constructive or destructive.
We can decide if something is constructive or destructive based on degree, for instance. Say your preschool son is acting up and broke a glass vase, even after you told him to stop grabbing and playing with it several times. You get a thought in your mind to spank him to give a punishment for his naughty action. However, you start to feel confused about whether this would be constructive or destructive. It might show him that not listening to you and breaking things is not welcome, but on the other hand, spanking him is an act of aggression that will hurt him physically and perhaps teach him to use force in situations later in life. There is no exact wrong or right in these moments. However, through your own reasoning, you can decide to what degree it would be beneficial or harmful to him and the situation at hand. Personally, I would not spank my son, as I think it does more destruction than construction. But, that is just me.
Another nuance to consider is the definition we give to construction and destruction. For example, for some people, construction can never involve violence, while for others, it could even be an essential part. Take the example of going back in time and killing Hitler. Killing someone is definitely termed a destructive act. However, in light of the circumstances, I would assume that the majority of people would agree that killing Hitler at the height of his power if they had the chance would be seen as a constructive, thus positive act. Therefore, our definitions often determine our values and how we behave upon those principles.
Additionally, construction and destruction can be filtered through a sociopolitical lens. Construction can be seen as good to some, and bad to others. Take for instance creating new homes in a forested area. Yes, homes for humans are made, but also the habitat for countless animals is being destroyed, or at least altered to an extreme. Construction, if it is true, it should be beneficial to all parties included. That is a tall order, though. Every step we take kills bacteria and other microorganisms—and perhaps plants, insects, and who knows what else. Destruction can be seen as a part of each moment. Plus, what a majority might regard as a constructive might be seen as destructive to a minority. Is there a way to determine which side is correct? It is almost impossible. Being in the majority in terms of a moral outlook does not mean it is correct, or more appropriate. There have been many instances in history when acts were regarded as constructive, but were later seen as destructive with a modern lens.
Though I consider “Be constructive, not destructive” the most solid one-sentence social moral code, it is not without its nuances and problems. For instance, the degree to which we consider something constructive or destructive, definitions of being constructive and destructive, and construction and destruction seen through a sociopolitical lens are all nuances. These differences consist of the confusion that this ideal social moral code causes. However, I cannot imagine a better code than the one stated in this essay in terms of living one’s life in a social context.
7. From the author’s view whether to punish a kid’s wrong doing or not depends on what extent .A.A. it would bring him benefits or harms |
B.he would modify his destructive behavior |
C.his act is constructive or destructive |
D.his destructive result might bring about |
A.A. killing someone is definitely termed a destructive act |
B.the majority of people would agree to kill Hitler |
C.killing Hitler is seen as a constructive and positive act |
D.definitions of social code decide our values and principles |
A.Construction and destruction can advance social developments. |
B.Construction can be seen as good to some, and bad to others. |
C.What a majority might regard as a constructive might be seen as destructive. |
D.Being in the majority in terms of a moral outlook does not mean it is correct. |
A.A. Wrong or Right of Social Moral Code |
B.Judgment of Construction or Destruction |
C.Ideal Social Moral Code |
D.How to Live One’s Life in a Social Context |
In an effort to stop the pandemic's advance, we may be finding ourselves taking certain precautionary (预防的) measures and maintaining a reasonable degree of social distance. Our habits have had to change to accommodate the reality of coronavirus.
People are advised against touching high-touch surfaces in public places, including elevator buttons, door handles, and especially other people's hands. Consequently, the traditional habit of handshake has been substituted for other gestures, like elbow bump (碰撞)and foot tap, which involve less bodily contact.
With more communication on screen, the handshake is an occasion to reach out and touch one another, to enjoy a tiny, fleeting connection.
As the coronavirus spreads and habits change, it may prove that you can't fist bump or foot tap a handshake either. There's something in human nature that responds to the handshake. It feels good to shake the hand of someone you respect or admire, to have that moment of bonding.
A.The handshake is the first thing to go. |
B.In a sense it can't be seriously replaced. |
C.The handshake is a way of maintaining relationships. |
D.The real human contact feels all the more precious now. |
E.The handshake is also a rare gesture of casual closeness. |
F.These touch-free alternatives are likely to replace the handshake. |
G.However, adjusting to these new forms of greeting has been difficult. |