文章大意:本文是说明文。传统手工艺早已从世界各国消失。随着许多工艺品已经或即将永远消失,人们已经意识到保护那些留下来的工艺品的重要性。本文介绍了几种通过保护而复兴的传统手工艺。
Traditional crafts have long been disappearing from countries across the world. With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain. Representatives of traditional crafts that have undergone a renaissance via protection are as follows:
Mongolian Hoomei (蒙古族呼麦)
Hoomei is a unique singing art created by the Mongolian ethnic group of China. In this art, a singer produces two distinct voices simultaneously to form a rarely seen multi-tone harmony. This technique was once around the edge of extinction, with merely one student majoring in Hoomei at Minzu University of China. However, with growing awareness of preservation, it is reviving. In May of 2006, Hoomei was included in China's National Intangible Cultural Heritage List and listed in UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage later in 2009.
Japanese Kabuki (日本歌舞伎)
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese form of theater with roots tracing back to the Edo Period (江户时代)which is recognized as one of Japan's three major classical theaters along with Noh and Bunraku (能乐和木偶戏),and has been named as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. Kabuki is rich in showmanship of exquisitely designed costumes, eye-catching make-up, strange wigs, and exaggerated actions. Theses movements convey special meaning to the audience; this is especially important since an old-fashioned language form is traditionally being used, which is difficult even for some Japanese to understand.
Croatian Gingerbread (克罗地亚姜饼)
The tradition of gingerbread making appeared in certain European churches during the Middle Ages and came to Croatia where it became a craft and were promoted as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010. Gingerbread craftspeople are apt at quickly utilizing flour, sugar, water and baking soda plus secret spices. The gingerbread is shaped into moulds(模子),baked, dried and painted with edible colors. Each craftsperson decorates gingerbread in a specific way, often with pictures, small mirrors and poems or messages. The craft has been passed on from one generation to another for centuries, initially to men, but now to women as well and thus becoming a symbol of Croatian cultural identity.
Korean Kimchi Variation (朝鲜族泡菜亚种)
Kimchi is a spicy and sour side dish made by fermenting (发酵)vegetables - usually cabbage - with spices such as chili peppers, garlic and ginger. While it is common in South and North Korea, variations of kimchi arc gaining popularity around the world. South Korea has already received UNESCO recognition in 2013 and now the North wants too. Academic studies, however, have proved that they all share recipes rooted in the Chinese cuisine paocai.
21. What can we learn about Mongolian Hoomei?
A.It has many a college student to pass on its artistic skills |
B.It became a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006. |
C.It requires a singer to produce two different voices at the same time. |
D.It is a unique form of mono-tone harmony system. |
22. Kabuki is referred to as one of Japan's three major classical theaters with.
A.Edo and Noh | B.Bunraku and Edo |
C.Bunraku and Noh | D.Noh and Ninja |
23. Which craft is most likely to have a religious origin according to the text?
A.Korean Kimchi Variation. | B.Croatian Gingerbread. |
C.Japanese Kabuki. | D.Mongolian Hoomei. |