广东省四会中学、广信中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试题
广东
高二
阶段练习
2024-05-25
64次
整体难度:
容易
考查范围:
主题、语篇范围
一、阅读理解 添加题型下试题
The museum first appeared in human civilization 2,500 years ago, which has been keeping reinventing itself to become an interactive cultural center. Here are some of the museums worth visiting. It’s time to decide your next travel destination.
The Musée du Louvre, Paris, France
It is the world’s largest art museum and a historical landmark of Paris. Housed in the Louvre Palace, the museum has been extended many times since its opening in 1793. Its eye-catching glass pyramid in the main courtyard was designed by Ieoh Ming Pei, a Chinese American architect, and it later became a symbol of the museum.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, US
Commonly known as the Met, the museum is among the must-visit attractions in New York. It stands on the eastern edge of Central Park. The Met maintains extensive holdings of African, Asian, Oceanian, Byzantine and Islamic art. Every May, the museum holds the luxurious, blockbuster Met Gala, grabbing global attention like the Oscars.
National Museum of China, Beijing, China
Near Tian’anmen Square in Beijing, it’s one of the largest museums in the world and the second most visited art museum in the world, just after the Louvre. Covering a time span from 1.7 million years ago to the Qing Dynasty, the museum boasts around 1.05 million items—and many cannot be found in museums elsewhere.
Vatican Museums, the Vatican City
If you are into Roman history and Renaissance art, the Vatican Museums will be your ideal destination. Along the exhibition route, visitors can enjoy the marvelous Sistine Chapel decorated by Michelangelo and the Stanze di Raffaello decorated by Raphael.
1. What do we know about the Musée du Louvre?A.It is the oldest museum in the world. | B.It was designed by Ieoh Ming Pei. |
C.It has been rebuilt many times. | D.It has an attractive glass pyramid. |
A.The Musée du Louvre. | B.National Museum of China. |
C.Metropolitan Museum of Art. | D.Vatican Museums. |
A.Both feature many ancient buildings. | B.Both appeal to history fans. |
C.Both have over one million items. | D.Both offer exhibition routes. |
Lionel Messi, who shone at the Qarta World Cup, is a well-known name even to those with no interest in sports. Even though he is shorter than most of his teammates, he rises above his opponents with adept skills and a legendary ability to score goals for his team.
Lionel Andres Messi was born on June 24, 1987, in the warm city of Rosario, Argentina. He was the third child in a tight-knit (亲密的) hard-working family who loved football. Naturally, young Leo developed a passion (热爱) for football himself.
At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was coached by his father. When he was eight, Leo joined the talented Newell Old Boys. Football soon became as important as the air he breathed. Messi practiced day in and day out, skipping outings with his friends to train at home before a game. The sport made him quite happy and motivated and he began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.
But as he grew older, his height remained the same. His concerned parents eventually took their 11-year-old son to a doctor, who broke the news that the boy suffered from a growth hormone deficiency (生长激素缺乏). This meant he was physically unable to grow unless he received special treatment, which would last three years and cost $1, 500 per month.
Stories of a 13-year-old boy who had similar talents to legendary Argentinian footballer Diego Maradona had reached the ears of FC Barcelona’s technical director, Carles Rexach. Intrigued, he sent an offer to the Messi family. If he passed, the club would cover his medical bills, but on the condition that Messi moved to Spain. So, in September 2000, Leo and his family uprooted their lives and flew across the Atlantic to Barcelona.
Coach Carles was so impressed that he offered Leo a contract on the only thing he had at hand-a paper napkin. Leo signed it, opening the door to the life he had always dreamed of.
4. What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To introduce the topic. | B.To attract readers. |
C.To advertise the World Cup. | D.To share an experience. |
A.He wanted to satisfy his father. |
B.He had a great love for football. |
C.He was good at playing football. |
D.He wanted to prove his ability. |
A.Generous and confident. | B.Friendly and energetic. |
C.Kind and responsible. | D.Hardworking and talented. |
A.He was shorter than others when he was born. |
B.He got support from his family to go after his dream. |
C.Maradona once lent a helping hand to Messi. |
D.Coach Charles believed Messi could be the next superstar. |
Disastrous floods in eastern Libya killed at least 5,100 people, according to local authorities. The disaster comes after a series of deadly floods around the world this month, from China to Brazil to Greece. In every case, extremely heavy rain was to blame.
The enormous loss of life on many continents strengthens the extreme danger caused by climate-driven rainstorms, and the need for better warning systems and basic facilities to protect the most vulnerable (脆弱的) populations.
Climate change makes heavy rain more common, even in dry places where the total amount of rainfall is small. That’s because a hotter atmosphere can hold more moisture. Everyday rainstorm, as well as bigger storms such as hurricanes, are increasingly dangerous as a result. In Libya, a storm called Daniel swept in from the Mediterranean over the weekend and resulted in a jaw-dropping 16 inches of rain in just 24 hour, according to the World Meteorological Organization. That is far too much water for the ground to absorb, especially in a dry climate where the soil is dry and is less able to suck up water quickly.
The massive amount of rain caused widespread flash flooding, and damaged at least one dam near the coastal city of Derna. That released torrents of water powerful enough to sweep away entire neighborhoods. In Brazil, flooding from a hurricane last week killed more than 20 people and left a large piece of southern Brazil underwater. Cities around the world are hurrying to improve their basic facilities to handle increasingly common heavy rain.
The disasters in the last two weeks also stress the vulnerability to climate change of people who are not wealthy or who live in places that are at war. While extreme rain has caused floods around the world recently, the number of the death is significantly higher in places where there isn’t money or political will to maintain basic facilities and enough weather warning systems.
8. What led to the floods in Libya?A.Extreme rainfall. | B.Wet climate. |
C.Severe hurricane. | D.Broken facilities. |
A.Separate. | B.Supply. | C.Store. | D.Absorb. |
A.They lead to people’s union. | B.They cost people their lives. |
C.They inspire people to struggle. | D.They make people become strong. |
A.Floods linked to climate change. | B.Floods in Libya and their causes. |
C.The needs of disaster preparedness. | D.Climate change impact on poor areas. |
Building artificial intelligences that sleep and dream can lead to more dependable models, according to researchers who aim to mimic (模仿) the behavior of the human brain.
Concetto Spampinato and his research members at the University of Catania, Italy, were looking for ways to avoid a phenomenon known as “disastrous forgetting”, where an AI model trained to do a new task loses the ability to carry out jobs it previously excelled at. For instance, a model trained to identify animals could learn to spot different fish species, but then might lose its ability to recognize birds. They developed a method of training AI called Wake-Sleep Consolidated Learning (WSCL), which mimics the way that our brains reorganize short-term memories of daily learning when we are asleep.
Besides the usual training for the “awake” phase, models using WSCL are programmed to have periods of “sleep”, where they analyze awake data from earlier lessons. This is similar to human spotting connections and patterns while sleeping.
WSCL also has a period of “dreaming”, which involves novel data made from combining previous concepts. This helps to integrate previous paths of digital “neurons (神经元)”, freeing up space for future concepts. It also prepares unused neurons with patterns that will help them pick up new lessons more easily.
The researchers tested three AI models using a traditional training method, followed by WSCL training. Then they compared performances for image identification. The sleep-trained models were 2 to 12 percent more likely to correctly identify the contents of an image. They also measured an increase in how much old knowledge a model uses to learn a new task.
Despite the results, Andrew Rogoyski at the University of Surrey, UK, says using the human brain as a blueprint isn’t necessarily the best way to boost AI performance. Instead, he suggests mimicking dolphins, which can “sleep” with one part of the brain while another part remains active. After all, an AI that requires hours of sleep isn’t ideal for commercial applications.
12. WSCL was developed to help improve AI’s ______.A.reliability | B.creativity | C.security | D.popularity |
A.Generate new data. | B.Process previous data. |
C.Receive data for later analysis. | D.Save data for the “awake” phase. |
A.The application of WSCL. | B.The benefits of AI research. |
C.The findings of the research. | D.The underlying logic of WSCL. |
A.Cautious. | B.Prejudiced. | C.Pessimistic. | D.Unconcerned. |