Franz Kafka wrote that “A book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us.” I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic — the giving way of dreams to fate.
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school — one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes — into a less competitive school. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph.D.’s.
Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it's about being a man, it’s about manliness.”I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's speech read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.
1. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to________.A.realize our dreams |
B.give support to our life |
C.smooth away difficulties |
D.awaken our emotions |
A.Because they were bred in a violent society. |
B.Because they had read the novel many times. |
C.Because they got the explanation from the teacher.. |
D.Because they had similar life experiences. |
A.she was a literary-minded girl |
B.her parents were immigrants |
C.she couldn't fit in with her class |
D.her father was then in prison |
A.suggest reading classic works of literature creatively |
B.advocate teaching literature to touch the heart |
C.argue for equality among high school students |
D.criticize the current education system bitterly |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】A good book can teach you things beyond your class. It can open your eyes and clear your minds. If you want to get into a good reading habit there are a number of ways to develop it.
You should give yourself at least thirty minutes in all for reading every day. When time is set, nothing can change it. For example, make it a habit to read during breakfast or lunch time.
Always carry a book
Wherever you go, take a book with you. When you leave the house, make sure that you always carry a good book as well as your school things.
Find a quiet place
Find a place in your home where you can sit in a comfortable chair.
Have a library day
Have a library card, and
Blog it
One of the best ways to develop a good reading habit is to put it on your blog.
A.Save much time |
B.Plan your time |
C.If you don't have one, create one. |
D.Remember that a book always stays with you. |
E.read as many good books as possible in the library. |
F.When you read a book, no one will trouble you. |
G.You can have a good rest in the chair and enjoy the quietness. |
【推荐2】Have you ever started to read a book in English, then stopped because it was too hard !Don’t worry! You’re on the right track. Books are an amazing tool for learning languages but some are easier to use than others.
1. Read dual-language books
Dual-language books (or ‘parallel texts’) are the same story written in two languages. They have your native language on one page and your target language on the other, so you can quickly check what a word means.
2.
Learning a language is the perfect excuse to dive back into the magical land of fairy tales and unicorns or the exciting world of spies and secret agents.
3. Read your favorite childhood book in English
Do you have a beloved childhood book in your own language?
4. Make notes!
If you are using a book to learn English, buy a cheap copy you can write in. Don’t be afraid to write translations and thoughts in the margins, as your notes can help you to remember.
Starting to read in a foreign language does not need to be scary. With the advice above, you will be reading in English in no time at all!
A.Read comic books. |
B.Read new children’s books. |
C.Find a copy of it in English. |
D.Here are my top tips for using books to lean English. |
E.Buy a cheap copy you can write in. |
F.Children’s books use simpler language and are fun to read. |
G.Remember that you can use these tips for films and television, too. |
【推荐3】Understanding Your Child’s Lexile Measure
It’s a good bet that your child has received one or more Lexile measures during elementary, middle or high school through a test or reading program. Of the country’s 60 million K-12students, more than half receive Lexile measures every year. Over 65 popular reading assessments and programs and half of all state assessments report student reading abilities as Lexile measures.
About Lexile Measures for Reading
Your child receives a Lexile reading measure from a test at school or a state assessment. A Lexile reading measure can range from below OL for early readers to above 2000L for advanced readers.
More than 100 million books,articles and websites have received Lexile text measures.Materials receive Lexile text measures based on factors like their vocabulary and complexity. For example,the first Harry Potter book has a Lexile text measure of 880L.
Using the Lexile reading measure and the Lexile text measure together is what makes Lexile measures different from any other reading score.You can use your child’s Lexile measure to engage them in reading materials that accelerate their skills, or, for advanced readers, find materials that offer more challenge but are also age-appropriate.
How Do Lexile Measures Help Your Child?
The Lexile Framework for Reading provides valuable information for you and your child, and your child’s teachers and librarians.Lexile measures:
●Allow educators to personalize learning for your child, putting them on the path to success in school,college and career.
●Provide an actionable tool to help your children be more confident and engaged in reading.
●Help you, as a parent,easily find books that match your child’s reading level.
1. How many K-12 students receive Lexile measures every year in the country?A.About 35 million. |
B.About 60 million. |
C.About 65 million. |
D.About 100 million. |
A.They apply to children of all ages. |
B.They assess both texts and readers. |
C.They keep track of readers’ progress. |
D.They provide diverse reading materials. |
A.Help librarians to check out books. |
B.Offer children instant access to books. |
C.Enable teachers to tailor learning for students. |
D.Engage parents in reading books with children. |
【推荐1】Why second best is best for my kids?
“All I want for him is to be happy all his life,” I said softly when my son Jack was born. I probably followed it up with, “I want only the best for him”.
I want my kids to be happy more than anything, and I’ve realized wanting the best for them and treating them with “only the best” policy are not pathways to happiness. They are pathways to rude kids and parental misery(悲惨).
I've accepted the “second best” belief of parenting. Actually, I may have invented it — or given it a name, at least. It is a belief easy to get into but I see “only the best” parents all the time. Some of them are my good friends. The problem is, I never get to talk to them because they’re too busy going to school on open days or racing from gymnastics to guitar lessons to get together for coffee with me.
I say, “Why don’t you send your daughter to the gymnastics centre in the town?” and my friend Jen will say, “I would, but the one at Cleveland is so much better. The head coach was a world champion.”
It’s on the tip of my tongue to tell my friend she treats her child like royalty, but I don’t. It’s none of my business (although it is) and I worry that will influence our friendship. Anyhow, I’m not the one driving a 40 km round trip for a nine-year-old’s gymnastics class.
Being satisfied with second best for your kids is quite different from expecting second best from them. It’s important they try their hardest, use their best manners, do what they believe is right. What I doubt is parents sacrificing( 牺 牲 ) their happiness for their kids’ happiness and the ones who are paying for things their child doesn’t need and they can’t afford. It’s a belief that everyone else is doing something and if they don’t, their kid will be left behind.
The happiest families I know are the ones with the most relaxed parents. And mostly, they’re happy with second-best children, because that’s what’s best for them.
1. What is the best for children according to the author?A.To feel happy all the time. |
B.To be talented in many ways. |
C.To be the best in any field especially at school. |
D.To make their parents happy with excellent performance. |
A.They are too busy with their jobs and housework. |
B.They are too busy making their children best. |
C.They look down upon the author’s opinion. |
D.Their children are in different schools. |
A.She worries that will influence Jen’s daughter. |
B.She knows the head coach was once a world champion. |
C.She doesn’t want their relation to be influenced. |
D.She doesn’t know anything about gymnastics classes. |
A.sacrificing their happiness for their kids’ happiness |
B.paying for things for their child even if they can’t afford |
C.making every effort to avoid their children being left behind |
D.satisfied with their second-best children with relaxed minds |
【推荐2】Art is all around us. It can be found everywhere, including fancy galleries, people’s living rooms, and on the sides of buildings. So, why is art important?
It promotes expression and creativity. As humans, we’re naturally drawn to art as a form of expression and communication.
It provides historical context.
In therapy (疗法) settings, art also provides an opportunity for digging deeper and expressing emotions that are difficult to discuss.
A.These are its major benefits. |
B.Children love to draw, sing, and dance. |
C.It helps all of us develop necessary soft skills. |
D.How does it have an impact on our life? |
E.Similarly, future generations will learn about our current events by the art we leave behind. |
F.Art and human history go hand-in-hand. |
G.It can help people lift their spirits. |
【推荐3】Scholarship Application Tips in 2019 for college students
• Before you apply
1. Work hard to get good grades. Don’t sweat about one bad grade, but always try to do your best.
2. Get involved, and stay involved, in out-of-class activities. Sports, clubs, drama, bands and orchestras — these often count toward a student’s overall scholarship application evaluation. The same goes for paid (or unpaid) work experience.
3. Begin your scholarship research early — by your sophomore (大学二年级) or junior year of high school, if possible. Make special notes of application deadlines, as they can vary from late summer to late spring.
4. Apply for as many scholarships as you are eligible (符合条件的) for — several smaller scholarships can add up to a lot of money.
• During the application process
1. Read the supplementary (补充的) materials that come with scholarship application forms to better understand the program’s focus (community service, subject interest). Try to answer the questions with the focus area in mind.
2. Answer questions as they are asked. Don’t go off topic.
3. If there is a financial section to the application, make sure you get accurate and complete information from all appropriate sources to ensure your eligibility.
4. Take your time. Write down everything you can think of for each question, then set the application aside for a day so you can look everything over again before you send it off.
5. Don’t wait until the last minute to complete your application, especially if you are applying online. Computer systems can get blocked with the large volume of applicants hoping to submit (上交) their qualifications during the last few days and hours before a deadline.
6. If a third party has to complete part of your application, such as providing a letter of recommendation, make sure you ask them early on and remind them as often as necessary to ensure they provide you with the necessary materials.
7. Last but not least, review your application with your parents to make sure you haven’t left out any important details.
Good luck to the students applying for the 2019 scholarship programs!
1. Before you apply for a scholarship, it’s best to ________.A.pay more attention to grades than to out-of-class activities |
B.focus on only one scholarship application |
C.get as much work experience as possible |
D.begin your preparation as early as possible |
A.worry about | B.speak of |
C.talk about | D.think of |
A.submit the application in the few days |
B.avoid submitting the application online |
C.complete and submit the application in one day |
D.double-check their application with their parents |
Charlotte’s Web
Wilbur lay resting after the excitement and strain of the ceremony. His medal still hung from his neck; by looking out of the comer of his eye he could see it.
“Charlotte,” said Wilbur after a while, “why are you so quiet?” “I like to sit still,” she said. “I’ve always been rather quiet.” “Yes, but you seem specially so today. Do you feel all right?” “A little tired, perhaps. But I feel peaceful. Your success in the ring this morning was, to a small degree, my success. Your future is assured. You will live, secure and safe, Wilbur. Nothing can harm you now… All these sights and sounds and smells will be yours to enjoy, Wilbur—this lovely world, these precious days. Charlotte stopped. A moment later a tear came to wilbur’s eye. “Oh, Charlotte,” he said. “To think that when I first met you I thought you were cruel and bloodthirsty!” When he recovered from his emotion, he spoke again.
“Why did you do all this for me?” he asked. “I don’t deserve it I’ve never done anything for you.” “You have been my friend,” replied Charlotte. “That in itself is a tremendous thing. I wove my webs for you because I liked you. After all,what’s a life, anyway?… By helping you, perhaps I was trying to lift up my life a trifle. Heaven knows anyone’s life can stand a little of that.” “Well,” said Wilbur. “I’m no good at making speeches. I haven’t got your gift for words. But you have saved me, Charlotte, and I would gladly give my life for you—I really would.” “I’m sure you would. And I thank you for your generous sentiments.” “Charlotte”, said Wilbur. “The Fair is almost over, Aren’t you anxious to get home?” For a moment Charlotte said nothing. Then she spoke in a voice so low that Wilbur could hardly hear the words.
“I will not be going back to the barn,” she said.
Wilbur leapt to his feet. “Not going back?” he cried. “Charlotte, what are you talking about?”
“I’m done for,” she replied. “In a day or two I’ll be dead. I haven’t even strength enough to climb down into the crate. I doubt if I have enough silk in my spinnerets to lower me to the ground.” Hearing this, Wilbur threw himself down in an agony of pain and sorrow. Great sobs racked his body. ... “I won’t leave you here alone to die. If you’re going to stay here I shall stay, too.” “Don’t be ridiculous,” said Charlotte. “You can’t stay here. Zuckerman and Lurvy and John Arable and the others will be back any minute now, and they’ll shove you into that crate and away you’ll go.”
Wilbur was in a panic. he raced round and round the pen. Suddenly he had an idea he thought of the egg sac and the five hundred and fourteen little spiders that would hatch in the spring. If Charlotte herself was unable to go home to the barn, at least he must take her children along.
1. How did Charlotte feel after the ceremony that day?2. What did Wilbur think of Charlotte when he first met her?
3. Why did Wilbur thank Charlotte?
4. At the end of the passage, what idea did Wilbur have?
5. What impresses you most in this passage? And why?
【推荐2】It was around the 4th grade when I started noticing that I didn’t fit in that well with a lot of kids in my grade. While the other girls were starting to wear make-up, style their hair, and only wear fashionable clothing, I stayed the same. At first I didn’t care, but then I started to feel a little worried. I was afraid that the other girls wouldn’t like me. I wanted to be like them, but I really hated that.
After I entered the 5th grade my mom found a local vocal studio. I had always loved to sing, and taking lessons seemed like fun. I was thrown into a brilliant world of music. Something inside me just clicked, and I had finally found where I belonged. Music gave me a place of my own in the world.
Starting voice lessons was the first of many times that music has changed my life. In the 7th grade, I really didn’t fit in at middle school. Being an athlete is what made you popular, and I was not super athletic. Music saved me again. Every day I knew I could come home from school and sing. I would become someone else. I would let the music fill my body and shine its light in the darkest corners. The light gave me strength. I became friends with other people who were into music. Music also gave me courage.
Friedrich Nietzsche once said, “Life without music would be a mistake.” This is true for me. Without music, my life would be a mistake. Maybe I would have found another hobby, but I doubt that it would help and change me the way music did. I know that music had changed my life.
1. What was the problem that faced the author in the 4th grade?A.No one around her liked her. | B.She had no fashionable clothing. |
C.She didn’t know how to dress up. | D.She didn’t fit in well with others. |
A.Worried | B.Disappointed |
C.Joyful | D.Surprised |
A.fell in love with sports | B.became very popular at school |
C.decided to become a great athlete | D.made friends with those who loved music |
A.By presenting time order. | B.By reasoning. |
C.By explaining. | D.By listing examples. |
A.Music Changed Me | B.My Young Life |
C.I Found Myself | D.My Hobbies |
【推荐3】On Monday, I stopped my car in front of my daughter Juliet’s middle school. She jumped in the front seat, feeling down. She asked me to help her study for her science test.
“Dad, I need to memorise a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can hardly make it.”
“You know memorising seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to understand the material.”
Juliet was open to my advice. It was Monday afternoon and we had two nights to study before the test on Wednesday. I suggested a plan. “Tomorrow night, you are going to teach the material to me. Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach.”
Asking her to teach me was an unusual idea but I was determined to do it. Studies show teaching somebody else is a very useful way to learn. Even if you don’t do the teaching, the act of preparing to teach leads to more learning than just trying your best to memorise the material.
On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet sat down with her science book facing me and said, “Okay Dad, let’s study.” I wanted her to teach me. But false starts happened. I couldn’t be too hard on her. So instead we started with me asking her some simple questions. She knew some but not others. When she didn’t know the answers, I encouraged her to check the book.
She started checking things that didn’t make sense. And she was actively seeking to test her understanding. I was happy to see it. She wasn’t memorising; she was trying to make sense of things, which was exactly what I had hoped she would do.
1. Why did Juliet feel down?A.Because she failed her science test. |
B.Because she had trouble memorising a unit. |
C.Because she knew nothing about planting. |
D.Because she couldn’t follow her teacher. |
A.Memorising. | B.Testing. |
C.Questioning. | D.Understanding. |
A.Making her check the book. |
B.Using simple questions to test her. |
C.Encouraging her to read the unit. |
D.Asking her to teach me the unit. |
A.A Creative Father |
B.An Unexpected Test |
C.Learning from Teaching |
D.Preparing for Teaching |