When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, they'll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics(残奥会), organizers aim to make all of the gold, silver, and bronze medals(奖牌)out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japan involved.
Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops. digital cameras, smartphones, and other abandoned electronics. The initiative(倡议)has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March.
When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japan's largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the project's success.
After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract(提炼)all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University—44.7 million metric tons of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52.2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue.
1. What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?A.E-waste in the world is increasing significantly. |
B.It is easy to get elements needed from the used electronics. |
C.Only producers of electronics participated in the project. |
D.NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project. |
A.starting period | B.collection effort |
C.final stage | D.hard search |
A.It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste. |
B.It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life. |
C.It saves the expense spent in making all the medals. |
D.It encourages the public's involvement in dealing with e-waste. |
A.Positive. | B.Negative. |
C.Doubtful. | D.Indifferent. |
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【推荐1】There is nothing like a coast redwood. It is the planet’s tallest tree, up to heights of more than 320 feet into the sky. With trunks(树干)that grow to more than 27 feet wide, they can live for over 2,000 years. Some of them living today were alive during the time of the Roman Empire.
Coast redwoods have survived through thousands of years of natural floods, droughts, tsunamis and fires. They can thrive and recover from damage as long as they can count on rainwater and coastal fog banks that roll in every morning. And it is those critical water sources that are disappearing as temperatures continue to rise. The damp conditions the trees like are rarer than they used to be. Coast redwoods now occupy less than 10 percent of their original range.
Their loss will have some consequences, particularly in the vast amount of carbon they store. Redwoods can store 2,600 metric tons of carbon per hectare, more than double the absorption rate of the Pacific Northwest’s conifer trees(针叶树), according to a new research published in Forest Ecology and Management.
David Milarch, an arborist from Michigan, says he feels sorrowful about the disappearing redwoods. He spends his days tracking down the healthiest coast redwood specimens(样本)he can find, cloning them in his own lab, and then planting them in carefully chosen places where they can thrive. Milarch’s goal is both to strengthen the coast redwood gene pool with clones of the strongest individuals, and to store loads of carbon. It’s a complicated mission with a simple philosophy: save the big trees, and they’ll save us.
Milarch explains that we need a practical and measurable solution to fighting against climate change. He believes the redwoods are the answer. However, scientist Mark Maslin cautions against viewing tree planting as a magic bullet, since even fast-growing trees take a long time to grow and be mature enough to reach their maximum carbon-trapping time which climate change cannot afford. As a global society, the most important thing we should do now is to reduce our overall carbon emissions if we want to have any impact on the planet’s climate crisis.
1. What causes the decrease of coast redwoods?A.Forest fires. | B.Soil pollution. |
C.Climate warming. | D.Human overcutting. |
A.To show the importance of redwoods to the environment. |
B.To introduce the approach to reducing carbon pollutants. |
C.To state the role of the Pacific Northwest’s conifer trees. |
D.To explain the difficulty of protecting coast redwoods. |
A.By seeking ideal specimens to clone. |
B.By exploring ways to raise their adaptability. |
C.By improving water sources in coastal places. |
D.By creating a wet growing environment for them. |
A.Harvesting genes from various redwoods. |
B.Planting more redwoods. |
C.The extinction of the coast redwoods. |
D.Saving the coast redwoods. |
【推荐2】The world celebrates Earth Day every year on April 22. But one school in Maryland tries to honor Earth Day every day.
Children at that school love being outside in the open air, running after each other, sliding and swinging on playground equipment. And children at St. James Children’s School also have fun by observing worms and picking up trash in the school yard. Besides, they learn to save water and electricity. They also recycle and reuse things. And every spring they get the soil ready to plant flowers and vegetables in the school garden.
Rebecca Boker teaches the children the importance of taking care of the Earth. She said, “If children learn it early on when they are younger, it will become part of their daily lives. It’s not something they have to think twice. It should be something that everyone does.”
St. James children observe the growth of plants from seeds to sprouts in cups kept in the classroom. Then they watch the plants continue to grow after placing them in the garden. The students also observe the lifecycle of butterflies and other insects and learn about rain and sea life. They try to use as much recycled material as possible.
But do these very young children really get the message that their teachers try to communicate? Ms. Boker says yes. “Oh they do. They completely understand,” she said.
On April 22 the kids at St. James will go out to the school’s garden for the yearly clean-up. But for them, Earth Day will continue for the school days ahead as well.
1. Rebecca Boker thinks that children should ________.A.think twice before they do anything | B.make it a habit to take care of the Earth |
C.spend less time on their schoolwork | D.do what everyone does in their daily lives |
A.spend most of their time observing things | B.don’t have a chance to learn about sea life |
C.make money out of recycling waste | D.know a lot about nature through observing things |
A.children at her school don’t like doing what they are told to do |
B.teachers at her school communicate with the students very carefully |
C.children at her school know the importance of protecting the Earth |
D.children at her school are much smarter than students at other schools |
A.They pick up trash in the streets. | B.They observe the growth of plants. |
C.They clean up the school’s garden. | D.They plant trees in the school’s garden. |
【推荐3】Plastic is nearly everywhere — in shoes, clothes, refrigerators and construction materials. But this highly useful material can have a major defect. Made from oil and slow to break down, conventional plastic is not environmentally friendly. Today, researchers discuss inventing what they say should be a safer, biodegradable (可生物降解的) alternative made from fish waste— heads, bones and skin— that would otherwise likely be thrown out.
If developed successfully, fish-oil-based plastic could help meet the considerable need for more sustainable plastic, says Francesca Kerton, the project’s investigator. Previously, others have developed new plastic using plant-based oils. However, this too comes with a disadvantage: the crops that produce these oils require land that could otherwise be used to grow food.
Leftover fish struck Kerton as a promising alternative. Salmon (鲑鱼) farming is a major industry for coastal Newfoundland, where her university is located. After the fish are processed, leftover parts are often thrown away. Kerton and her colleagues developed a process for turning this fish oil into a plastic-like material. But does the plastic smell fishy? “When we start the process with the fish oil a slight kind of fish smell, but as we go through the steps, that smell disappears,” Kerton says.
In other experiments, they have begun examining how quickly the new material would likely break down once its useful life is over. Kerton put pieces of it in water, and to speed up the degradation for some pieces, she added a chemical capable of breaking down fats like those in the fish oil. Under a microscope, she later saw microbial (微生物的)growth on all of the samples, even those that had been in plain water, an encouraging sign that the new material might biodegrade quickly, Kerton says.
Kerton now intends to study the material’s physical properties to see how it might in real-world applications, such as in packaging or fibers for clothing.
1. What does the underlined word “defect” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Mistake. | B.Burden. | C.Difficulty. | D.Disadvantage. |
A.It causes damage to the soil. | B.It needs a large amount of land. |
C.It produces an unpleasant smell. | D.It increases the price of cooking oils. |
A.It can break down easily. | B.It has a very short useful life. |
C.It is hard to mix with plain water. | D.It proved a good packaging material. |
A.A living trend. | B.A fishing method. |
C.A scientific project. | D.A biological phenomenon. |
【推荐1】From a large elephant to a small mouse, animals live happily together in Disney's new movie Zootopia. Judy Hopps, the main character, becomes the first rabbit police officer in the city. While solving a mystery, she meets the smart fox, Nick, who helps her with her case, and some other animals like the lion mayor and a mouse called Flash. Here is something more about the movie.
There are 64 kinds of animals in the movie. All of them look like real ones except Judy, the first rabbit police officer. Its appearance is a bit different from real rabbits. Real rabbits actually have split lips, but the film makers decided to make Judy's lip all together to look nice.
Film makers learned that not all fur of animals is the same. In the movie, some of polar bears' fur is clear. It appears white because the light reflects off it. Part of a fox's fur is dark at the root, getting lighter till its red top. They did so to make sure that the animals in Zootopia were believable.
Moreover, a film maker, Nathan Warner with his partners also took a trip to Africa for researching animals. There they had a close watching of different animals. According to their discovery, these artists added leaves to animals' coats like the big sheep. They also made animals' tears run from the inside corners of eyes down to the outside of the mouths.
1. From the passage we know that Zootopia may be the name of a(n)________.A.animal | B.mayor | C.zoo | D.city |
A.Flash. | B.Nathan Warner. | C.Nick. | D.Judy Hopps. |
A.裂开的 | B.完美的 | C.无缝的 | D.光滑的 |
A.Nick is a smart fox and helps the police officer, Judy Hopps to solve a case. |
B.In the movie, the animals look the same as the real ones including Judy. |
C.Part of a fox's fur is dark at the root and gets lighter till its red top. |
D.The artists added leaves to animals' coats to make them believable. |
【推荐2】Confident, smart and high-tech, they’re followers of pop culture and know what social networking is all about. They’re tweens, children between the ages of 10 and 12. These young people are no longer little kids but they are not yet teenagers, because tweens are in a state of transition(转变).
The tween years are hard for children. From a social point of view, tweens are dealing with quite a lot. They have to face changing relationships, middle school and a whole lot of pressure(压力) to succeed and fit in. They may become angry over seemingly small things. A bad test grade, an argument with a friend, a bad day on the ball field, or a request to clean a bedroom might set them off.
Elizabeth Hartley-Brewer, a parenting expert in London and author of Talking to Tweens, says, “The tween years are when young people begin to realize the wider world and to see themselves as separate from their families.”
Right now, tweens’ friends are everything to them. It’s universal for the age, but they show it in different ways. For boys, the whole friendship thing is through technology and sports. Girls like to talk.
Tweens are also a hot market. What do tweens consider cool? Music is at the top of the cool list, followed by going to the movies. “Being smart” comes third, tied with video games, followed by electronics, sports, fashion and protecting the environment, according to a report.
Undoubtedly, tweens have great spending power in the United States. It was the tween market that made Justin Bieber and Harry Potter household names. Retailers(零售商) know tweens are a hot market for clothes, music and entertainment. Tweens have their own sense of fashion and enjoy their own parts of popular culture.
1. Which of the following words best describes the tween years?A.Entertaining. | B.Unchanging. |
C.Admirable. | D.Difficult. |
A.Tweens remain dependent on their parents. |
B.Friendship is very important in tweens’ eyes. |
C.Retailers pay little attention to the tween market. |
D.Playing video games is second to none on tweens’ cool list. |
A.In a marketing report. | B.In an education magazine. |
C.On a fashion website. | D.On a parenting poster. |
【推荐3】It sounds like a math problem. How do you make one of the world’s most famous ancient sites bigger? You can’t build more of it.
So with ever more tourists pouring into the site, the team behind the Archaeological(考古的)Park of Pompeii have found a plan B—dividing visitors around ancient sites that are farther, with all-in-one tickets and buses laid on between the sites.
The ancient city of Pompeii will be a scattered archaeological park, including the archaeological areas of Pompeii itself, as well as famous old houses in nearby villages or towns. The sites have already become part of the Archaeological Park of Pompeii, but until now, they have been selling their own tickets. They are also far away from each other—the park’s sites cross around 8 miles—with little public transport to some of them.
The inaccessibility(难达到)to the old houses means that visitor numbers are low. While nearly four million people visited Pompeii itself in 2019, only 55,000 made it to see House A, which is thought to have been owned by the emperor Nero and his second wife. Only 52,000 went as far as the two houses at Stabiae, House Arianna and House San Marco. But visitor numbers to Pompeii rose from under 2.7 million in 2014 to over 3.9 million by 2019. In July 2023, a record 21, 141 people visited the park in a single day.
A bus service around the sites—the Pompeii Artebus—was started in 2021. Tickets for the connected sites will be acceptable for three days, with free buses connecting all the sites.
1. How is the Archaeological Park of Pompeii made bigger?A.By building more of it. | B.By improving the service. |
C.By connecting nearby sites. | D.By attracting more tourists. |
A.Narrow. | B.Private. | C.Impressive. | D.Spread-out. |
A.It has lost its attraction. | B.It was rebuilt in 2019. |
C.It is free for visitors all the time. | D.It is overcrowded with visitors. |
A.The Archaeological Park of Pompeii getting bigger. |
B.The ancient Pompeii bringing in modern transport. |
C.The Archaeological Park of Pompeii getting more popular. |
D.The ancient houses in Pompeii changing their tickets. |