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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:453 题号:15455615

Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers, and supermarkets to promote a planet-friendly concept — or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging. “There’s a trend in New York right now where people are carrying cotton bags from local bakeries, hardware stores, or their favorite steakhouses,” said designer Rachel Comey.

So far, so earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton bags may actually have created a new problem.

An organic cotton bag needs to be used 20,000 times to offset (抵消) its overall impact of production, according to a 2021 study by the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark. That is equal to daily use for 54 years — for just one bag. Even when a bag does make it, most coloring matters used to print logos and decorations onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable in waste treatment factories.

That’s not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, never break down, and block up the waterways.

Some brands are turning to other fabric solutions. British designer Ally Capellino recently swapped cotton for straw, while designer Anya Hindmarch introduced a new version of her original bag, this time made from recycled water bottles. In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. “Not every product needs a bag,” Comey said.

1. Why on earth do companies offer cotton bags?
A.To provide convenience to their customers.
B.To cut down on the use of plastic packaging.
C.To advertise themselves as eco-friendly ones.
D.To promote the concept of protecting the earth.
2. What do we know about the cotton bags?
A.They can be used for over five decades.
B.They do much harm to the environment.
C.They have logos printed with natural materials.
D.They can be recycled in waste treatment factories.
3. How does the production of plastic bags affect the environment?
A.It consumes too much water.B.It saves the use of fossil fuels.
C.It pollutes the earth’s atmosphere.D.It increases the use of pesticides.
4. Which might be the best title for the text?
A.Plastic Bags Beat Cotton BagsB.A Revolution for Bag Designers
C.How to Choose Bags for YourselfD.Less Packaging, Better Environment
【知识点】 环境保护 说明文

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【推荐1】For as long as I can remember, I’ve been coming up with ambitious little business ideas. The Eco Denim Movement is the fourth business I’ve founded. Last year, I built this business on three strong passions of mine: business, op-shopping and saving our world. Recently, I did a project on the cotton industry and found out some true facts in the production phases of cotton. I couldn't believe that a single pair of jeans took around 10,000 litres of water to produce.

My project promotes slow fashion and encourages people to purchase my used and repurposed denim (斜纹粗棉布). The denim industry is one of the biggest water consumers in our world — there are 2.7 billion people in our world currently facing water scarcity (缺乏). Every year, the denim industry uses over 12 trillion litres of water. This is enough to supply each of those 2.7 billion people with 4 years' worth of water. Reselling denim, which has already made it through the water-draining production stages, means that with every purchase of secondhand jeans over brand new ones we are saving 10,000 litres of valuable water.

I've sourced denim from my family, friends and op-shops all over Adelaide — the capital city of the state of South Australia. But the most difficult part about starting my business as a girl was that there were a lot of expenses involved in starting up: buying all the pieces of denim, getting all the equipment required for my business, and purchasing my website domain (域名). However, that didn’t stop me. No one is ever too young to start a business. So many people feel like they are not skilled enough or don’t have the brains to start a business, but that’s not true! All you need to start a successful business is ambition and a whole lot of passion.

1. How did the fact mentioned in paragraph 1 make the author feel?
A.Ashamed.B.Confused.
C.Shocked.D.Relieved.
2. What do the figures in paragraph 2 suggest?
A.The popularity of slow fashion.
B.Different methods of saving water.
C.Huge profits from selling used jeans.
D.The significance of reselling denim.
3. What was a major headache for the author while starting her business?
A.The tight budget.B.The source of denim.
C.Her lack of practical experience.D.Bitter opposition from her family.
4. What can we say about the author?
A.She is a girl of determination.
B.She is too young to do business.
C.She shows no interest in shopping.
D.She is a kind-hearted and generous girl.
2022-01-21更新 | 92次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。美国知更鸟由于杀虫剂的滥用正在面临灭绝的危险。

【推荐2】The American robin (知更鸟) is the state bird for Connecticut, Michigan and Wisconsin because it is a very common, easily seen and handsome bird with a beautiful song. But it is now facing extinction due to the hidden dangers involved in the use of insecticides, a chemical used for killing insects.

Insecticides is usually sprayed on lawns to kill the grass disease. The chemicals used in the US break down into non-poisonous molecules (分子) far faster than DDT did, but most are still highly poisonous to robins for the time that they work on insects. Adult robins hopping on a freshly-sprayed lawn get their feathers coated, and then if they hatch their eggs or babies, the poison can be taken in, to kill the babies.

Elm trees in the United States, like those in Europe, are being attacked by Dutch elm disease. This disease is spread by the elm bark beetle. American scientists have attacked the disease by attacking the carrier. They have treated the trees with a chemical which kills the beetles. But the substance they use sticks to the leaves of the trees. These leaves are a basic food of a certain type of earthworm (蚯蚓) which is itself not attacked by the insecticide. The worms can store up huge quantities of this poison in their bodies. The robin eats these worms and is thus being poisoned by its normal food. The bird is already in danger of dying out in some areas.

It is sometimes difficult to foresee side effects like these, which is why many people object to the use of chemical sprays. They fear that man may be poisoning himself the same way as he has poisoned the American robin and other higher organisms at the top of the food chains.

1. What is the carrier that spreads Dutch elm disease?
A.The American robin.B.The earthworm.
C.The elm leaf.D.The elm bark beetle.
2. What do the American scientists use the insecticide for?
A.Killing the beetles.B.Poisoning the earthworms.
C.Protecting the robins.D.Attacking the elm trees.
3. The American robins will die when they_____.
A.touch the insecticideB.touch the elm leaves
C.eat the earthwormsD.eat the beetles
4. What is the text mainly about?
A.The side effects of insecticide is endangering the robin.
B.American scientists have attacked Dutch elm disease.
C.The robin is dying out in some parts of the world.
D.Many people object to the use of chemical sprays.
2024-04-12更新 | 91次组卷
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。世界各地的鸟类数量正在急剧下降,自然栖息地的丧失被认为是对鸟类生物多样性的主要威胁,气候变化被认为是鸟类数量下降的可能驱动因素。

【推荐3】Shocking declines in bird populations are taking place around the world. Loss of natural habitats is cited as the key threat to bird biodiversity. Climate change is identified as a possible driver of bird population declines.

“We are now witnessing the first signs of a new wave of extinctions of continentally distributed bird species,” says lead author Alexander Lees, senior lecturer at Manchester Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom. “Bird diversity peaks globally in the tropics and it is there that we also find the highest number of threatened species.”

The study says about 48% of existing bird species worldwide are known or suspected to be undergoing population declines. Populations are stable for 39% of species. Only 6% are showing increasing population trends, and the status of 7% is still unknown. The study authors reviewed changes in bird biodiversity using data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s   “Red List” to reveal population changes among the world’s 11,000 bird species, The findings mirror the results of a 2019 study which determined that nearly 3 billion breeding birds have been lost during the past 50 years across the United States and Canada.

Despite their findings, study authors say there is hope for bird conservation efforts, but transformative change is needed. “The fate of bird populations is strongly dependent on stopping the loss of habitats,” says Lees. “That is often driven by demand for resources. We need to better consider how commodity (货物) flows can contribute to biodiversity loss and try to reduce the human footprint on the natural world.”

“Fortunately, the global network of bird conservation organizations taking part in this study have the tools to prevent further loss of bird species and abundance,” adds Rosenberg. “From land protection to policies supporting sustainable resource-use, it all depends on the will of governments to live side by side with nature on our shared planet.”

1. What’s the main cause of bird extinction?
A.Significant climate change.B.Destruction of their habitats
C.Human’s overuse of wetland.D.A new wave of bird immigration.
2. How does the author display the gravity of the new wave?
A.By listing concrete data.B.By providing examples.
C.By interviewing-people.D.By explaining concepts.
3. What plays a key role in preventing further loss of birds?
A.Relevant education.B.Government policies.
C.Environmental activities.D.Conservation organizations.
4. What does the text mainly talk about?
A.Roles of conservation organizations.
B.Diversity of global bird species.
C.Hope for environmental protection
D.Decline of global bird population.
2023-11-19更新 | 59次组卷
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