【推荐1】The Pacific island of Tonga was struck by huge volcanic explosion on January 15, 2022, which was followed by a tsunami (海啸) that flooded the regions of the capital, Nuku’alofa. Witnesses reported ash was falling over the capital, and social media images showed water flooding into a church and many residences. Local residents had to flee to higher ground when the tsunami warning was issued.

The capital of Tonga is around 65 kilometers north of the volcano. The volcano’s plumes of gas, smoke, and ash extended 20 kilometers into the sky, according to Tonga Geological Services. According to authorities in Suva, the eight-minute eruption was so powerful that it could be heard as “loud thunder sounds” more than 500 miles away. Storm waves have been predicted in New Zealand, which is more than 2,300 kilometers away from Tonga.

Internet and phone lines went down after the violent volcanic eruption, leaving the 105,000 residents on the islands almost uncontactable. All communication to the outside world in Tonga was affected due to damage to the undersea cable (电缆). Digicel, a Jamaican phone company that partly owns the Tonga Cable System, said that it might take 24 hours to restore the important communications link before it could provide an update on work. The company said it was working urgently with local authorities to “resolve the damage”, adding that its domestic (国内的) mobile phone towers were operating across the main island of Tongatapu.

New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said that the New Zealand government has made an initial sum of 340,000 dollars available to provide assistance to Tonga. An Australian Air Force P8 Poseidon aircraft also reached Tonga on January 17. Meanwhile, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said that China is closely watching the volcanic eruptions and the disasters including tsunami and volcanic ash in Tonga, and stands ready to provide every possible support and assistance at Tonga’s request.

1. What was the influence of the tsunami?

A．The huge volcanic explosion struck Tonga.

B．Local residents were forced to move away.

C．The capital of Tonga was completely flooded.

D．Many churches and residents were flooded away.

2. What’s paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The reason for the volcanic explosion.

B．The enormous losses caused by the flood.

C．The serious air pollution due to volcanic ash.

D．The widespread effect of the volcanic eruption.

3. What does the underlined word “uncontactable” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．In total confusion.	B．In great danger.
C．Out of sight.	D．Out of touch.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Support from different countries is around the corner.

B．The way of predicting natural disasters needs improving.

C．Post-disaster reconstruction faces many difficulties.

D．Volcanic eruptions have a great effect on global climate.

【推荐2】A 7.0-magnitude(震级)earthquake attacked Kumamoto, Japan on April 15th, 2016, less than two days after a 6.2-magnitude earthquake rocked the same area. The smaller 6.2-magnitude quake on April 14th killed nine people and injured hundreds more, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. With these two and the memories of the huge 9.0-magnitude earthquake and tsunami(海啸)that destroyd northeast of Japan in 2011 not far from people’s minds, what is it about this part of the world that makes it so active in earthquakes?

First of all, Japan is along the so-called Pacific Ring of Fire, which is the most active earthquake area in the world. This “ring” is actually an imaginary U-shaped zone that follows the edge(边缘)of the Pacific Ocean, where many of the world’s earthquakes occur.

“The earthquake in Kumamoto seems to have been caused by the collision(碰撞)between the Philippines Sea Plate(板块)and the Eurasia Plate,” said Paul Caruso, a geophysicist of the USGS. While Japan is no stranger to earthquakes, the 7.0-magnitude earthquake is one of the largest ever recorded in this part of southern Japan, Caruso told Live Science. “The second largest was probably on March 20, 1939 --- there was a magnitude of 6.7 in this area,” he said.

“Not all earthquakes cause tsunamis,” Caruso said. In general, there are three key elements that can produce a dangerous earthquake-tsunami combination, he added. First, the earthquake must be at least 7.0-magnitude. Second, the quake’s epicenter(震中)has to be under the ocean, Caruso said. And finally, the earthquake hasn’t to be too deep.

“We have quakes around Fiji all the time, but those are sometimes 640 kilometers underground, so they aren’t going to cause a tsunami,” he said. The one in Kumamoto was about 10 km underground but the epicenter was on land, Caruso said.

“There are lots of large aftershocks,” Caruso told Live Science. “And of course, after a large earthquake, buildings are often weakened as a result. Additional damage can be expected. ” People living in the area should expect more shaking in the coming days, according to Caruso. “We can say for certain that there are going to be more aftershocks in this area,” he said. “Exactly when and how big they’re going to be is difficult to say, though. No one can predict that.”

1. The earthquake happened on April 15th in Kumamoto ________.

A．was the largest one that ever happened there

B．caused the movement of the Philippines Sea Plate and the Eurasia Plate

C．was the first one that reached the magnitude of 7.0 in Japan

D．brought great destruction to the northeastern part of Japan

2. What does the underlined word “elements” in Para 4 mean?

A．Conclusions.	B．Influences.
C．Ingredients.	D．Intentions.

3. Which inference about the Kumamoto earthquake is the most probably correct?

A．It didn’t cause too much destruction to the buildings.

B．The epicenter was too deep to cause tsunami.

C．The aftershocks were well-controlled.

D．It didn’t bring about any powerful tsunamis.

4. Which of the following might be the title of the passage?

A．Why Are Earthquakes in Japan So Destructive?

B．Why Do So many Earthquakes Attack Japan?

C．Why Do Earthquakes Cause Tsunamis in Japan?

D．Why Do So Many Earthquakes Happen?

【推荐1】It’s reported that scientists in London have found the best diet for both humans and the planet.

If the world followed the so-called “planetary health” diet, each year more than ll million early deaths could be avoided according to the scientists. For the health of the planet, they say the same diet will reduce (减少) greenhouse gases and save more land, water and animals. This new food plan is the result of a three-year project organized by The Lancet health journal.

Tim Lang, a professor at Britain’s University of London. He said, “The food we eat and how we produce it decide the health of people and the planet.” Lang added, The world’s population is expected to grow to 10 billion people by 2050. If we want to feed everyone, we all need to change what we eat and the way we eat by improving food production and reducing food waste”. So, what do you eat on the “planetary health” diet?

The scientists who created the “planetary health” diet say it is largely plant-based but still has a little milk, fish and meat. The diet calls for cutting down red meat and sugar by 50 percent and increasing nuts, fruits, and vegetable.

Walter Willet of Harvard University in the United States also talked about the “planetary health” diet. He said, “More than 800 million people around the world do not get enough food while many more people have very unhealthy diets.”

The scientists think it difficult to reach their aim. But for them, doing nothing is also not a choice Willet said, “If we can’t make the best diet, it’s better to try and get as close as we can.”

1. What decides the health of people and the planet according to Tim Lang?

A．The taste of the food.

B．The number of population.

C．The climate and our living conditions.

D．The food we eat and the way we produce it.

2. What does the “planetary health” diet mainly contain?

A．Milk.	B．Meat.
C．Sugar.	D．Plants.

3. What do scientists say about the “planetary health” diet?

A．It is very easy to produce it.

B．It is better to try their best to make it.

C．It is better to do nothing than fail.

D．It is impossible to make it.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Humans Health Is Very Important.

B．Many People don’t Get Enough Food.

C．A New Kind of diet may Save the Plane.

D．Different People have Different Eating Habits.

【推荐2】        LONDON—Life for Cathy Hagner and her three children is set to permanent(永久的) fast-forward.

Their full school day and her job as a lawyer's assistant are busy enough. But Hagner also has to take the two boys to soccer or hockey or basketball while dropping off her daughter at piano lessons or Girl Scout Club.

Often, the exhausted family doesn't get home until 7 pm. There is just time for a quick supper before homework. In today’s world, middle-class American and British parents treat their children as if they are competitors racing for some finishing line.

Parents take their children from activity to activity in order to make their future bright. It seems that raising a genius has become a more important goal than raising a happy and well-balanced child.

“Doctors across the country are reporting a growing number of children suffering from stomachaches and headaches due to exhaustion and stress,” says child expert William Doherty of the University of Minnesota.

Teachers are dealing with exhausted kids in the classroom. It’s a very serious problem. Many children attend after-school clubs by necessity. But competitive pressures also create an explosion of activities. They include sports, language, music and math classes for children as young as four.

“There is a new parenting trend under way which says that you have to tap all your child's potential at a young age; otherwise you will let him down,” says Terry Alter, a Cambridge-based child and adolescent psychiatrist （青少年精神病专家）

“It isn’t entirely new: there have always been pushy parents. But what was previously seen as strange behaviour is now well accepted.”

1. From the second paragraph of this passage we can find that ______.

A．Hagner wastes much time helping her children’s lessons

B．Hagner doesn’t spend much time on her full-time job

C．Hagner is interested in spots and music

D．Hagner busies herself by following a trend

2. British parents, as the writer described in this passage, _____.

A．treat their children as spots players

B．pay no attention to their children's lessons

C．bring up their children in a simple way

D．give their children little time to develop freely

3. The writer’s opinion about after-school clubs is that ______.

A．activities in the country are too competitive

B．children should attend four clubs at a time

C．some clubs result in competitive pressures

D．clubs should have more subjects for school children

4. The last paragraph tells us that in Britain ______.

A．parents used to take their children to every club

B．parents used to be wise on how to raise children

C．parents have all benefited from children’s clubs

D．parents have come to know the standard of education