Blind imitation(模仿)is a disaster. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others. In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”
1. When is imitation useful according to the passage?A.When you begin to learn something new. |
B.When you lose the balance of life. |
C.When you know you are unique. |
D.When you get tired of some routine practice. |
A.We should stay away from stars. |
B.We should ask others for decisions. |
C.We should choose the right example. |
D.We should forget daily fear and pain. |
A.how to search for more materials |
B.the absence of practical ideas |
C.the lack of strong motivation |
D.how to use imagination creatively |
A.To criticize the characters of role models. |
B.To emphasize the importance of creativity. |
C.To compare imitation with creation. |
D.To explain the meaning of success. |
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【推荐1】A typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.
It doesn't have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: all you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you're clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.
1. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A.To get ready for a fight. | B.To show off his skills. |
C.To trick the lion. | D.To entertain the audience. |
A.They hold on to the wrong things. | B.They feel puzzled over choices. |
C.They find it hard to make changes. | D.They have to do something for show. |
A.Appreciative. | B.Supportive. | C.Respectful. | D.Doubtful. |
A.make a quick decision | B.break your old habits |
C.wait for a better chance | D.ask for clear guidance |
【推荐2】
At an outdoor restaurant, a cockroach (蟑螂) flew in and landed on a woman. She started screaming out of fear; with a panic stricken face and trembling voice, she started jumping, with both her hands desperately trying to get rid of the cockroach. Her reaction was spreading, as everyone in her group also got into a panic. The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on a man in the group who continued the drama. In the relay of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.
The waitress stood firm, calmed herself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on her blouse. When she was confident enough, she grabbed it and threw it out of the restaurant.
Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement, I started wondering: Was the cockroach responsible for their funny behavior? If so, then why was the waitress not disturbed? She handled the situation to near perfection, without panic.
It was not the cockroach, but the inability of the customers to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them. I realized that it's not the shouting of my children or my boss or my wife that disturbs me, but my inability to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting.
It's not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me, but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jams. More than the problem, it's my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.
I understood. I should not react in life. I should always respond. The customers reacted, whereas the waitress responded. Reactions are always instinctive (本能的) while responses tend to be well thought out.
1. What happened in the outdoor restaurant?A.A cockroach was found in a woman's food and then a man found the same problem. |
B.A cockroach appearing in the restaurant caused a state of panic among the customers. |
C.A cockroach rushed the waitress into apologizing to the customers. |
D.A woman and a man were trying to rescue the waitress from the cockroach. |
A.Confusion. | B.Success. |
C.Poverty. | D.Harmony. |
A.complain your delay |
B.feel upset and annoyed |
C.relax yourself by listening to music |
D.expect someone to clear the road |
A.Speak less, do more! |
B.Actions speak louder than words! |
C.Mind your manners while in a restaurant! |
D.Don't react just from your feelings; respond positively! |
【推荐3】For most people, death is hard to think about. We tend to avoid the subject—involuntarily, even. The philosopher Stephen Cave offers one explanation for this avoidance in his 2012 book, Immorality. “Death,” he writes, “presents itself as both inevitable and impossible.” You can know rationally that you will die, yet struggle to understand your nonexistence. Put another way, you cannot be conscious of your own consciousnesses.
So we dismiss death form our thoughts. But this leads us to make choice in life that actually reduce our happiness. People who express more regrets tend to be those who postpone profound activities that yield meaning, such as appreciating beauty or spending more time with loved ones. When we avoid thoughts of death, we unconsciously assume that tomorrow will look a lot like today, so we can do tomorrow what we could today. But when we focus on death, that increases the stakes at play in the present, and clarifies what we should do with our time.
By forcing ourselves to think about death, our resources-use decisions change. I ask my 20-something graduate students to estimate how many Thanksgivings they realistically have left with their parents, and then to consider how they should spend those remaining occasions. This usually simulates a strong emotional reaction. But it can also alter such decisions as where they choose to live and work. This highlights that facing discomfort and thinking seriously about the impermanence of your mortal life are important for making decisions that enhance your happiness.
There are other benefits. For example, paradoxical though it may seem, considering death can encourage positive thinking, as researchers found in 2007. People prepared to think about their death tended to focus on favorable emotional information around them, and to interpret random words in a pleasanter way. You begin to think extremely clearly, and realize that you have a choice about how to see present moment—and choose the positive.
If you insist ignoring your own death, you are likely to make decisions that cause you to sleepwalk through life. You may not be dead yet, but you are not fully alive either. If you can look across that border with resolve and confidence, you will experience every day fully and deeply.
1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A.People’s fear of death. | B.People’s escape from death. |
C.People’s acceptance of death. | D.People’s struggle against death. |
A.Enjoying a lot more happiness. |
B.Taking better advantage of time. |
C.Postponing big things until tomorrow. |
D.Engaging in more meaningful activities. |
A.To argue for the changes in making big decisions. |
B.To show doubts about facing discomfort of death. |
C.To compare students’ different attitudes to death. |
D.To argue against the necessity of considering death. |
A.Avoid thinking about your death. |
B.Live a better life by ignoring death. |
C.Step away from death and live better. |
D.Think about your death and live better. |
【推荐1】Throughout the world, clothing has many uses. It is used to provide protection from cold. It is also worn to prevent others from seeing specific parts of one’s body. However, the parts of the body that must be covered vary widely throughout the world. Some clothing is worn to provide supernatural protection. Wearing a lucky shirt to take an exam is calling for supernatural assistance.
People in all cultures use clothing and other forms of bodily decoration to communicate status(身份), intentions and other messages. In North America, we dress differently for business and various leisure activities. North American women usually are much more knowledgeable of little difference in messages communicated by clothes than men. At times, this leads to silly mistakes of understanding of female intentions on the part of men. Of course, clothing styles also are intended to communicate messages to members of the same gender(性别).
Long before we are near enough to talk to someone, their appearance tells their gender, age, economic class, and often even intentions. We begin to recognize the important cultural clues at an early age. The vocabulary of dress that we learn includes not only items of clothing but also hairstyles, jewelry, and other body decoration. In most cultures, however, the same style of dress communicates different messages depending on the age, gender, and physical appearance of the individual wearing it.
Putting on certain types of clothing can change your behavior and the behavior of others towards you. This can be the case with a doctor’s white lab coat, or an army uniform. Most uniforms are clearly symbolic so that they can rapidly and unmistakably communicate status. For instance, the strange hairstyle and clothing of the English “punks” are essential aspects of their uniforms.
There are many forms of body decoration other than clothes that are used around the world to send messages. These include body and hair paint, and even body deformation. When doctors put braces on teeth, they are actually doing the same thing – deforming or reforming a part of the body to make it more attractive.
1. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A.Clothing and Culture |
B.Ways of Sending Message |
C.Clothing and Social Behavior |
D.Communication through Clothing |
A.clothes can hide their fear for the exam |
B.clothes have extraordinary power |
C.shirts can make them more comfortable |
D.shirts provide protection against bad weather |
A.clothing plays an important role in social activities |
B.words of dress are unable to communicate different messages |
C.dress is better than language in communicating messages |
D.messages communicated by clothes are the same in different cultures |
【推荐2】Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and stories, and know that they are cheering on.
1. Imitation proves useful when you ________.A.know you are unique | B.begin to learn something new |
C.lose the balance of life | D.get tired of routine practice |
A.desperate to influence others with their knowledge | B.eager to discover what their ancestors did |
C.ready to turn their original ideas into reality | D.willing to accept others’ ideas |
A.how to use imagination creatively | B.the absence of practical ideas |
C.how to search for more materials | D.the lack of strong motivation |
A.To explain the meaning of success. | B.To criticize the characters of role models. |
C.To compare imitation with creation. | D.To highlight the importance of creativity. |
【推荐3】Students decide to take a job while being in university because of two reasons: on the one hand, they need money; on the other hand, they want to experience something new and they want to see what working means.
But is it good to take a job while you are a university student? There are both advantages and disadvantages if we were to answer this question. If we were to think about the advantages, we could mention the ones I have just discussed. Having a job at an early age helps us gain experience, which will be very useful to our later life. We may become financially independent and don’t need to ask our parents for money each time we want to go downtown with our friends, or spend the holiday at the seaside or in the mountains.
However, students who take a job might have problems in spending enough time on their study. If they work during the day, they may have to be absent from their classes, and if they work at night they will feel tired the next day. They may choose to stay at home, resting. What’s worse, some students may even get bored with study.
Well, this fact happens every now and then, but there are cases when well-prepared students take a part-time job but at the same time they make time for study, too. And they have good results. Their case is a good example to follow among the students who decide to work while being in university. Anyway, we need to keep in mind that study is the most important job for a student.
1. The writer believes that some college students work ______.A.for pleasure | B.to learn something practical |
C.to support their family | D.for further education. |
A.Prepare them for their future careers |
B.Make more friends |
C.Win free journeys |
D.Have complete independence from their family |
A.be absent from their exams |
B.receive punishment from their teachers |
C.be in conflict with their roommates |
D.lose their interest in their studies |
A.can keep a balance between work and study |
B.should not take a job |
C.had better take a part-time job during vacation |
D.should learn by doing |