I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics (天体物理学), it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as 3 post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement — jobs, research papers, awards — was viewed through the lens of gender politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus right brain, or nature versus nurture, I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all annoyance: I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer: 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.
1. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?| A．She is unhappy working in male-dominated fields. |
| B．She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination. |
| C．She is not good at telling stories of the kind at all. |
| D．She finds space research more important than that. |
| A．the very fact that she is just a woman |
| B．her involvement in gender politics |
| C．her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist |
| D．the burden she bears in a male-dominated society |
| A．Female students no longer have to worry about gender issues. |
| B．Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence. |
| C．Her female students can do just as well as male students. |
| D．More female students are pursuing science than before. |
| A．Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation. |
| B．Women have more barriers on their way to academic success. |
| C．Women can balance a career in science and having a family. |
| D．Women now have fewer discrimination problems about science career. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Rich and Famous
Twenty years ago the most common ambition of American children was to be a teacher, followed by working in banking and finance, and then medicine. But today’s situation is quite different.
According to experts, young people desire these jobs largely because of the wealth and the fame.
In spite of these disadvantages, there is greater ambition than ever among young people to achieve that status. They are not satisfied just making a living—they want to be rich and famous. Globally, more and more TV shows provide talent competitions where winners can achieve their goals in just a few weeks or months.
While many people argue that there is nothing wrong with having such ambitions, others feel that this trend will finally lead to dissatisfaction as more and more people are unable to reach their goals.
| A．In many ways this has been brought about by the celebrity culture. |
| B．People no longer have a sense of satisfaction once their goals have been achieved. |
| C．Besides, it can be difficult for them to adapt back to a normal everyday life. |
| D．The younger generation don’t favor these professions any more. |
| E．Unfortunately, they do not always have a positive effect on people’s life. |
| F．The reason is that they don’t realize it takes talent and hard work to be rich and famous. |
| G．This quick way of gaining wealth and fame creates a celebrity culture among people. |
【推荐2】The tragedy of the commons is an economic theory which outlines the problems with people sharing collective property versus private ownership. An example of collective property is when employees don’t feel any ownership in the chairs and desks in the office, so they don’t report problems when they occur. However, in private ownership, anything is checked and taken care of. The tragedy of the commons can ruin your business if you’re not careful.
Encourage teamwork. Numerous studies have shown that to employees, self-realization is even more important than money. We can self-realize by feeling like we are a team, jointly committed to a cause.
Hold back the critical. Not everybody is cut out to be an overseer of a business. Some people are just too judgmental or negative. Even if such people have particular skills, you do well to not assign them to oversee others. They can drive everybody crazy.
Welcome feedback. You may notice something is not being taken care of here or there.
| A．Plan out management wisely. |
| B．Assign tasks evenly among employees. |
| C．Create a place for them where they work chiefly alone. |
| D．There, however, exist such benefits as mentioned below. |
| E．The question then comes: How do you deal with it in a business? |
| F．Point it out in a respectful manner and figure out what is going on. |
| G．Inspire everyone to take a heartfelt involvement in the business as a whole. |
【推荐3】If you had asked me then if I would accept a job as a restaurant critic for The New York Times. or any establishment publication, I would have replied, without a second thought, “Of course not!” And not just because I did not want to think of myself as an ambitious sort Working in restaurants was honest labor, anyone could see that. Writing about them for the mainstream press was not; it felt like joining the enemy.
But renewing was fun. so much fun that when mainstream publishers started paying me for my opinions, I didn't do the decent thing. Before I knew it, I had stopped cooking Professionally.
Then I stopped cooking altogether. “She's joined the leisure class.” my friend said.
I disarmed (消解怒气)) my critics by inviting them along; nobody I knew could afford to eat out and nobody refused. We went with equal amounts of guilt and pleasure, with a feeling that we were trespassing (侵入))on the playgrounds of the rich.
We didn't belong in starchy restaurants. We knew it, and when we climbed out of my rent - a - wreck, splendid in years from the Salvation Army, everybody else knew it, too. We always got the worst table. And then, because I didn't own a credit card, I had to pay in cash. The year turned into two and three, and more. I got a credit card. I got good clothes. I was writing for increasingly prestigious (声誉高的)publications. Meanwhile, a voice inside me kept whispering, “How could you?”
The voice is still there, yakking (喋喋不休)away. When I receive weekly letters from people who think it is indecent to write about $100 meals while half the world is hungry, the voice yaks right along, “They're absolutely right, you elitist pig is hisses”. And when it asks. “When are you going to grow up and get a real job?” it sounds a lot like my mother.
And just about then is when I tell the voice to shut up. Because when my mother starts idling me that all I'm doing with my life is telling rich people where to eat, I realize how much the world has changed.
Yes, there are still restaurants where rich people go to remind themselves that they are different from you and me. But there are fewer and fewer of them. As American food has come of age. American restaurants have changed. Going out to eat used to be like going to the opera; today, it is more like going to the movies.
And so everyone has become a critic. I couldn't be happier. The more people pay attention to what and how they eat, the more accustomed they become to their own senses and the world around them.
When I remember that conversation with M. F. K. Fisher, I wish I had not been quite so gentle. When I rerun the loop in my mind, I turn to her and say this: “No, you are wrong. A. J. Liebling had it right. All it really takes to be a restaurant critic is a good appetite.”
1. How did the author feel about the job as a restaurant critic at the very beginning?| A．She didn't think much of it |
| B．She was the ambitious one for it. |
| C．It was not suitable for a cook like her. |
| D．It was not easy to work for the mainstream press. |
| A．A strong desire to be invited to eat out like the rich. |
| B．A mixed feeling of guilt and pleasure about eating out. |
| C．A mixed feeling of guilt and pleasure going into private property. |
| D．A special treat to be able to go into private property for fun. |
| A．She stayed in the career as a cook for years. |
| B．She kept on writing as a restaurant critic for years. |
| C．It was years before she quit the career as a cook. |
| D．It was years before her application for a credit card got approved. |
| A．worthwhile | B．critical | C．unacceptable | D．imperfect |
| A．They have places for both the rich and the poor. |
| B．They have varieties of means for entertainment. |
| C．They have become too expensive to be available. |
| D．They have become affordable to common people, |
| A．The writer is getting tired of the job. |
| B．good appetite makes a good critic. |
| C．There is no need for restaurant critics at all. |
| D．Eating out is no longer a privilege the rich have. |
【推荐1】Have you ever tried to get your desired things at 1 a.m. in the middle of exam season? The ones that convince you to walk to Hillside in the middle of a snowstorm just for a slice of cheesecake?
Well, I have too. But instead of wanting something normal and yummy like ice cream or cookies, I’ve been longing for cauliflower. I know half of you stopped reading just now. It’s okay. Honestly, I get it. For those of you who stuck around, let’s talk vegetables.
Unlike those terrifyingly healthy food bloggers, my recent adventures in vegetables originated from an existential crisis concerning global warming. It turns out food production is one of the highest producers of the greenhouse gases that contribute to the breakdown of Earth’s ozone layer (臭氧层). And one of the simplest ways to make a difference is by eating more vegetables and less meat and cheese. So I’ve been forcing myself to eat more vegetables to convince myself that Earth can exist after 2050. And just like those terrifying food bloggers say, it has become a habit.
Now, I don’t just chow down on raw cauliflower stems for lunch. Instead, I like to dress up the vegetables, and it turns out the real trick to make them taste good is a perfect seasoning blend (调味品).
And let me tell you, I’ve become addicted to one of my own creations: olive oil, garlic salt, white pepper, and dill. The mixture is cooked at 375℉ for 20-30 minutes. This works on just about any vegetable you can roast. Plus, it’s so good it’s been proven to cause longings.
Eating responsibly is about so much more than “eating healthy.” It’s just as important to eat food you enjoy. If you crave cheesecake, eat cheesecake. If you want to opt for the more head of cauliflower, eat cauliflower.
After all, living to 2050 isn’t worth much if you aren’t happy.
1. Why does the author begin to eat vegetables?| A．The author always adores them. |
| B．The author follows the trend. |
| C．The author wants to pass the exams. |
| D．The author thinks it benefits environment. |
| A．The author eats raw vegetables. |
| B．The author toasts vegetables. |
| C．The author boils vegetables. |
| D．The author dresses up to eat vegetables. |
| A．He may be an artist. | B．He may be a cook. |
| C．He may be a student. | D．He may be a clerk. |
| A．Humorous. | B．Critical. |
| C．Confused. | D．Ambiguous. |
【推荐2】"I really wrote it for me, It was what I found funny and what I liked". Those are the words of J K Rowling, author of the enormously popular "Harry Potter" books. The quote refers to the first in a series of novels featuring a young character who has carved out a permanent place for his creator in the world of children's literature.
Joanne Kathleen Rowling was born in England in 1965, and wrote her first story at the age of six. She was in her mid-20s when the idea for the Harry Potter novels came to her, during a long train ride. By the end of that journey, she says, the character of Harry and the school for wizards which he attends were more or less fully formed in her mind.
It would be several years, however, before the novel was completed. By that time, Rowling had been through a failed marriage. Living on welfare as a single parent, she wrote about Harry Potter while sitting in an Edinburgh café with her daughter asleep beside her. She could not have dreamed of the fame and success which Harry would bring her in the years to come.
Harry Potter is not your average superhero. He is 12 years old, skinny, wears glasses, and tends to worry a lot. Yet, he has captured the imagination of children and adults the world over, and has introduced millions to the joys of reading.
Harry's appeal stems from his role as a very ordinary boy who finds himself in extraordinary situations. Orphaned as a baby, Harry spends the next 10 years being mistreated by the awful relatives with whom he lives. On his 11th birthday, he learns that he possesses magical powers and is admitted for training at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.
The adventures of Harry and his friends at the school are superbly narrated by J. K. Rowling. She manages to lead her millions of readers deep into the world of the supernatural, while at the same time dealing with the fears and emotions of the ordinary human world. Many feel that this is the real magic of Harry Potter.
1. Joanne Kathleen Rolling wrote Harry Potter intentionally for ______| A．herself. | B．her husband. |
| C．her daughter. | D．becoming rich. |
| A．The novel was completed shortly after the journey in which she formed the outline . |
| B．When she completed the novel, she had a very happy family with her husband loving her . |
| C．When she was writing the novel, her daughter was being looked by her parents. |
| D．When she was writing the novel, she was living a rather hard life. |
| A．J.K Rowling’s vivid description of the world of the supernatural. |
| B．Harry Potter ‘s role as a very ordinary boy who finds himself in extraordinary situations. |
| C．dealing with fears and emotions of the ordinary human world. |
| D．all of the above. |
| A．give a lecture. |
| B．give a written description of something. |
| C．give a spoken description of something. |
| D．tell somebody a story orally. |
【推荐3】On a freezing January morning Jonny Benjamin, then a 20-year-old college student, climbed on the edge of Waterloo Bridge in London. That morning, Jonny escaped from a mental health hospital, where he’d been diagnosed (诊断) with schizo-affective disorder. He headed straight to the bridge, convinced that his disease was a life sentence.
Hundreds of people passed by. Only one man called Neil Lay bourn, then 25, calmly and quietly walked to Jonny’s side.
“You’re alright, man? Why are you sitting on a bridge?”
At first Jonny wanted Neil to leave him alone, but something in Neil’s calm, down-to-earth manner struck a chord. Jonny felt faith, like he could talk to him.
“It’s cold here. Why not have some coffee in a warm cafe? Everything will be OK.” For the first time after the diagnosis Jonny Celt perhaps it really might. He climbed back.
The police, having received calls from passers-by, were waiting there. They quickly put him into a police car, in case he was to panic and jump. He lost sight of Neil, the person who’d brought him hope.
Jonny ended up back in hospital. Eventually, he was well enough to return to university and finish his degree. Over the next six years, Jonny often thought about the stranger who had talked him round. Eager to thank him in person, he posted a Facebook message nicknaming the good man Mike. His #Find-Mike post was shared millions of times around the world, as far as Canada.
Jonny was overexcited when Neil called him two weeks after his post. They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago.
“Many people walked past, but because of Neil’s kindness and sympathy, I’ve lived a good life.” Jonny said.
1. Why did Jonny climb up the bridge?| A．He was badly treated in the hospital. | B．His disease made him lose hope. |
| C．He wanted to draw people’s attention. | D．He studied poorly in the college. |
| A．Touched his heart. | B．Drew his attention. |
| C．Aroused his interest. | D．Blew his mind. |
| A．Humorous. | B．Tough. | C．Kind. | D．Generous. |
| A．By asking the police. | B．By calling their friends. |
| C．By posting a message online. | D．By visiting homes door-to-door. |
【推荐1】In my work as a vocational school teacher in Germany, some of my classes are full of students of different nationalities. More often than not, I will have a few refuges (难民) in the class, whose command of German is often rather incomplete regardless of whether they are blow-ins or not. Some of these students who manage to complete their three-year apprenticeships (学徒期) may actually continue to go to school to gain qualifications so they can attend university.
In the past few years, I have taken them aside and given them tips on how to improve their language skills via books, newspapers, apps or online grammar quizzes. And I have given them tips on how to integrate themselves into the German culture better.
Over the last few weeks, I have taken three young men aside and given them tips on how to improve their German such as joining sports clubs, finding ways to build their vocabulary outwith class and taking language immersion courses. After class, I actually even took a couple of them to a noticeboard which displayed valuable information on a poster and they were grateful for this little gesture that only took a minute of my time.
I do not get any extra money for offering this sort of advice and I have sacrificed the odd break over the years, but I feel it is important to help the youngsters in what I consider a valuable way, because once they pass their exams, they will be likely to set up a home and spend their working life here.
Good integration is so important as it builds bridges and expands horizons. It makes me happy to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those kindness ripples in everyday life.
1. What does the underlined word “blow-ins” in the first paragraph probably mean?| A．Newcomers. | B．Announcers. | C．Onlookers. | D．Job seekers. |
| A．By qualifying them for apprenticeship. | B．By enhancing their language competence. |
| C．By integrating diverse cultures. | D．By developing their interpersonal skills. |
| A．Far-reaching. | B．Time-consuming. |
| C．Pioneering. | D．Demanding. |
| A．One good turn deserves another. | B．Everything comes to him who waits. |
| C．A little kindness goes a long way. | D．Actions speak louder than words. |
【推荐2】What My Year Abroad Taught Me About Cultural Differences
Imagine going to study abroad. You walk into the local shop and bam!, Golliwogs (黑面木偶) everywhere. I’m talking salespeople dressed as Golliwogs. Surprised, you go to the junk food section as that’s the only thing that will give your body the sugar rush it needs to shock your body out of the state of bewilderment (困惑). And there they were: Golliwog cookies.
I’m using the word “Golliwogs” because to a British person abroad that’s what they are. But in the Netherlands and Belgium the image is known as Zwarte Piet (Black Pete). There has been much discussion about whether or not it’s racist.
Working as a trainee with the European Commission, I met people from all over the world, not just Europe. Working alongside my German, Spanish and Italian colleagues, I learned some valuable lessons.
Another lesson was the value of the coffee break. Coffee breaks in Brussels were not just time to get coffee. It was a chance to develop new ideas with colleagues in a more informal setting. At first I declined the invitation to attend, but after a while I began to notice that almost everyone went on these trips to the coffee machine and decided to join them.
Graduates and students who have worked abroad gain an understanding of what it means to be truly European and how this can benefit you at work. Not only do you bring home experiences, skills and practices from other countries, but you also seek to take your work further afield (向远方).
| A．You might be amazed by the quantity of work and innovative concepts that can emerge during informal coffee breaks. |
| B．This marked my initial experience in comprehending diverse cultures. |
| C．As British people, we need to stay low-profile in what we do. |
| D．So, how did I apply these acquired abilities? |
| E．As individuals from Britain, we must produce more influence in our pursuits. |
| F．This was my first lesson in understanding British cultures. |
It was 3: 34 in the morning. Suddenly the bed moved a little. I woke up. That bed used to move a lot so I just thought it was my wife rolling (翻)over. I looked over to her and she was fast asleep. So I thought it was just another small tremor (轻微地震). We used to get many small tremors in Chile. But then everything in the room started making noise. The tremor got a bit stronger. My wife woke up.
I went to open the front door to make sure it wouldn’t get stuck while my wife went to see how the kids were. They were still fast asleep.
I got to the front door and left it open. When I turned around to go back to the bedroom, the full force of the earthquake started to hit. I couldn’t move forward. While I was trying to hold myself up against the wall, I looked out the window. It was frightening, some buildings coming in and out of view and some already falling down. Then the earthquake made a strong push and our lights went out. In the darkness, I thought, “This is it! We’re not coming out of this alive. ”
Luckily, the violent(剧烈的)shaking gradually slowed down and then stopped. I could finally walk to our children’s room. My wife had been standing over them during the strongest part of the earthquake, making sure nothing fell on them.
After such a big earthquake, we expected the “smaller” aftershocks to be still very strong. There was still a chance that the building could collapse. So we woke the kids up, got some basic things and started to walk down the emergency(紧急情况)stairs. . . all 22 floors of them.
When we finally arrived at the ground floor many other people had already arrived, some in pajamas (睡衣), some half-dressed. The good news was everyone got out of the building safe and sound.
1. What woke the author up? (no more than 10 words)2. When did the earthquake get really strong? (no more than 10 words)
3. What happened when the author looked out the window? (no more than 15 words)
4. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 probably mean? (no more than 3 words)
5. When an earthquake comes, what should we do if we are in the room? Please explain. (no more than 25 words)
