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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:71 题号:17520969

Many people quote the phrase from Jane Jacobs that “there must be eyes on the street” to emphasize the relationship between urban safety and design. Jacobs’ views on urban safety were, in truth, far more complex than this phrase suggests. Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities has become the basis of a worldwide movement to foster safer cities.

Jacobs made an important contribution to our understanding of cities by linking the fear of crime and urban design. In a successful city district a person must feel personally safe on the street among all these strangers. It doesn’t take many incidents of violence on a city street to make people fear the street. And as they fear it, they use it less, which makes the street still more unsafe.

Jacobs widened her attention to urban safety in general, including parks and public housing projects. While most planners focus on the green benefits of parks, she argued against underused or dangerous parks. She observed that parks are successful when they encourage a range of activities and users.

She emphasized design and management policies to encourage interaction at public housing sites. She suggested combining public housing communities with existing street patterns and holding street activities by including businesses in the buildings. She opposed fencing and security guards, creating a sense of territory and isolating public housing residents from the wider community.

Jacobs wrote about her experience of daily life in the city and urged planners to pay attention to how ordinary people actually use urban space. From her experience as a wife, mother, and resident in New York, she arrived at a more human vision of the city than the experts of the day did. Her concern about urban safety was visionary (有远见的), and her manner of looking at the city still offers a critical viewpoint for evaluating crime prevention and community safety strategies today.

1. What purpose does paragraph 1 serve?
A.To make the phrase better known.
B.To attract readers’ attention to the phrase.
C.To introduce more Jacobs’ complex views.
D.To prove the popularity of Jane Jacobs’ book.
2. According to Jacobs, what is a proper way to foster a successful city?
A.Warning people of violence in the streets.
B.Encouraging different activities in parks.
C.Employing security guards in the buildings.
D.Introducing safety policies at public housing sites.
3. What does Jacobs say about urban design?
A.Good design and management can increase interaction.
B.The government should build more parks.
C.Crimes make the city insecure for people to live in.
D.Cities should improve public services.
4. What can we know from the text?
A.Creating a sense of territory is necessary.
B.It’s dangerous to walk on the street alone.
C.People in the city feel more disconnected now.
D.Various roles in life make Jacob have unique views
5. What is the passage mainly about ?
A.Jacobs’ views on urban safety and design
B.Jacobs’ Book “The Development of Great cities”
C.Jacobs’experience of daily life in the city
D.Jacobs’ design and management policies

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐1】Four Best of British markets

Whether you’re looking for antiques, food, collectors’ items or just random junk, our rich heritage has produced some of the finest markets in the world. Here are four of them.

Edinburgh Farmers’ Market

Traders in Edinburgh have long sold their goods in the shadow of the city’s spectacular castle. It takes place on Castle Terrace every Saturday and attracts a huge crowd with its locally sourced goods. The market is now in its 15th year and champions the very best in Scottish produce.

Billingsgate Fish Market

This hub in the heart of the East End of London is the biggest inland market in Britain. Dating back to the 16th century, Billingsgate is now served by almost every UK port, with fish transported through the night to arrive for trading, which starts at 4 a.m.. It is famed for shifting 25,000 tons of fish each year.

St George’s Market

Follow your nose along May Street in Belfast and the smells of delicious home-made food from across the globe will land you in St George’s Market, once voted the best in the UK. Completed in 1896 and featuring tasty food, the trading place is also one of Belfast’s oldest attractions, thanks to its wide range of goods and live music performances.

Ford Airfield Market

Looking for an old-style prosthetic leg, a ventriloquist’s dummy, or even a suit of armour? The chances are you’ll find what you’re after – and plenty of other random stuff – at one of the hundreds of stalls here in West Sussex. Huge car-boot sales (旧货市场) are held at the weekends all year round, come rain or shine. The market has been running for 25 years and is a well-known treasure trove for antiques experts looking for a bargain.

1. Which market has the longest history?
A.Edinburgh Farmers’ Market.B.Billingsgate Fish Market.
C.St George’s Market.D.Ford Airfield Market.
2. What is the main characteristic of St George’s Market?
A.Music.B.History.C.Food.D.Building.
3. What do we know about Ford Airfield Market?
A.It is held every day.B.It closes on rainy days.
C.It is famous for its cars.D.It features car-boot sales.
2022-01-13更新 | 317次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐2】What a Scoop! Readers’ Favorite Ice-Cream Shops

From pear and cheese in Edinburgh to pomegranate ripple at Ventor, our reporters show off the coolest licks.

Mary’s Milk Bar in the Grassmarket is popular with locals and visitors, and is the perfect pit stop for people dashing between fringe festival shows. Flavors change every day, with pear and cheese among the regulars. You can grab your ice and walk up the Vennel Steps for breathtaking views of Edinburgh castle.

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“Che buono! The best gelato (ice cream) outside Naples!” exclaimed my son’s Italian girlfriend on her first visit to Delphini’s. Giovanni grinned and gave her an extra, free scoop. Every day there’s a queue outside this shop in this progressive south Devon town. Delphini’s gelato is made out of organic local milk and cream. What’s more, it is dairy-free, making it a good option for vegans in Totnes. Flavors change daily and they do free tasting.

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Shepherds Ice Cream Shop in Abergavenny is a Wes Anderson-styled drop-in. It’s all made locally from goat-milk, the business is run by two generations of a family that has some sort of tradition around a golden scoop. Shepherds often pop up with a vintage ice-cream trailer at festivals and events around the UK. It’s my family’s year-round Friday treat.

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1. What are the similarities between Mary’s Milk Bar and Delphini’s?
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2022-11-14更新 | 85次组卷
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【推荐3】I used to think my little corner of urban England was somewhere I could get away from the stress and strain of modern-day life — until they moved in next door. There are two of them. They are white, woolly and probably have sharp teeth as well as loud bark. But every time their constant barking interrupts my sleep, I remind myself that, in many respects, I am lucky. The neighbors don’t hold all-night parties, nor do they shout or throw crockery at each other, and though their dogs may bark, they don’t bite.

According to a recent consumer magazine report on “nightmare neighbors”, dogs are the fifth most common source of bad relations between neighbors. Noise of any description heads the list of complaints, followed by DIY enthusiasts, parking quarrelling, and arguments over house extensions.

So what alternatives are there? One is to take legal action. But this can be time-consuming and expensive and does nothing to improve already difficult relationships. The other alternatives are to sell up and go, or to try to reach a solution with the help of someone neutral. Mediation UK— the United Nations equivalent of garden fence conflicts — was set in 1984 to help resolve community disagreements.

In most cases, the lack of communication is found the main cause of conflict. David Nation of Plymouth Mediation points to poor public housing and widespread unemployment as additional factors. He also reports more cases of complaints from people who live in flats. Large houses built in the nineteenth century and designed as single-occupation family homes have, he says, been changed into flats with little or no attention to sound insulation. Dividing walls are paper thin and hardly block out sound at all.

Buyers can also be put off by the external appearance of neighboring houses. Anything from wild, uncared for gardens to unusual external color schemes can put off buyers — even though the offending property is next door. But it could be worse. John Gladden, of Norbury in Surrey upset his neighbors in St Oswald’s Road by mounting a huge fish in fiberglass (玻璃纤维) and putting it on the roof of his house. The local council argued that he should have got planning permission; residents thought the fish did nothing to improve the appearance of the neighborhood, and war broke out. Sightseers poured in and homes near the suburban property can now be hard to sell.

1. Why doesn’t the writer like her next-door neighbor’s dogs?
A.They wake her up.B.They sometimes bark.
C.They are aggressive.D.They remind her of sheep.
2. What does “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.the color schemeB.the gardenC.the situationD.the house
3. The purpose of this passage is to _______.
A.inform people what to do if they have problems with their neighbors
B.describe the writer’s own problems with her neighbors.
C.illustrate the types and causes of problems between neighbors
D.explain the activities of the organization Mediation UK
2023-11-06更新 | 52次组卷
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