【推荐1】The climate change has become an issue that no one can escape from. If the world wants to limit climate change, water shortage and pollution, we all need to choose “flexitarian” diets, say scientists.

This means eating mainly plant-based food, which is one of three key steps towards a sustainable future for all in 2050, they say. Food waste will need to be halved and farming practices will also have to improve, according to the study. Without action, the impacts of the food system could increase by up to 90%. Fast on the heels of the landmark report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) comes this new study on how food production and consumption impact major threats to the planet.

The authors say that the food system has a number of significant environmental impacts including being a major driver of climate change, providing freshwater and reducing pollution through over use of nitrogen (氮) and phosphorus (磷).

The study says that thanks to the population and income growth expected between 2010 and2050, these impacts could grow between 50%~90%. This could push our world beyond its geographic boundaries. So when it comes to climate change, the authors looked at what they called a “flexitarian diet”.

“We can eat a range of healthy diets but what they all have in common, according to the latest scientific evidence, is that they are all relatively plant-based,’’ said lead author Dr. Marco Springmann from the University of Oxford.

“You can go from a diet that has small amounts of animal products; some might call it a Mediterranean-based diet; we call it a flexitarian diet. We tried to stay with the most conservative one of these which in our view is the flexitarian one, but even this has only one serving of red meat per week,” he added.

If the world moved to this type of diet, the study found that greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from agriculture would be reduced by more than half.

1. What benefit will the new diets bring to the world?

A．The animals will be saved.	B．People will need more water.
C．The climate change will stop.	D．The pollution will be controlled

2. What can be called a “flexitarian” diet?

A．Eat animal products every meal.

B．Eat plant-based vegetables every meal.

C．Eat mainly vegetables and never eat animal products.

D．Eat plant-based meal mainly and animal products sometimes.

3. What will happen if the new diet is popular globally?

A．The climate will become warmer.	B．The food consumption will increase.
C．People will have less greenhouse gas.	D．People will produce more food waste.

4. What is the attitude of the author to the new diet?

A．Supportive.

B．Doubtful.

C．Opposed.

D．Indifferent.

【推荐2】China officially informed the World Trade Organization on Tuesday that it will ban the import of 24 different types of solid waste by the end of this year as part of a campaign to deal with environmental pollution and protect people’s health.

In response to growing public concerns over the potential environmental and health danger caused by the increasing amounts of solid waste imported into the country for recycling and treatment, China passed a special law in 1995 to control imports of waste materials, such as plastics, slag from steelmaking, unsorted scrap paper and discarded textile materials.

A year later, the country published a list for solid waste imports and began implementing a permit system to control the import volumes and types of waste imported.

However, due to the lack of effective supervision(监管) and the failure of relevant departments to fulfill their duties, solid waste imports have not been effectively controlled.

So far, China is the world’s largest importer of solid waste. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection, China imported 7.3 million metric tons of plastic waste worth $3.7 billion in 2016, accounting for 56 percent of global imports of solid waste.

Correct recycling of solid waste materials is an important part of the global economy, and moderate imports of scrap plastic, scrap paper and scrap rubber products, such as vehicle tires, can to some extent, make up for China's shortage of various raw materials.

However, the lack of supervision has resulted in the country’s severe soil and environmental worsening.

Given that China’s continuing efforts to push for industrial transformation and upgrading have resulted in a noticeable decline in the demand for the materials recycled from solid waste imports. It is right for the country to restrict such imports for the sake of the environment and public health, and to better adapt to the changed industrial structure.

1. Why will China ban the import of some waste materials?

A．The amount of imported solid waste is increasing.

B．The demand for imported solid waste is in decline.

C．Some solid waste has damaged the environment and public health.

D．People are more concerned about the environment and health now.

2. Which phrase has the same meaning as the underlined word?

A．Carrying out.	B．Putting off.
C．Calling off.	D．Fighting against.

3. What is the problem when China deals with the imported waste?

A．Some imported waste is difficult to control.

B．The environment can’t afford the imported waste.

C．Some departments haven’t shouldered their duties.

D．Some useful materials are also among the solid waste.

4. What can we learn from the passage?

A．China will not rely on importing solid waste any more.

B．Solid waste plays an important part in the global economy.

C．People are against importing solid waste from developed countries.

D．Some imported waste can relieve the urgent need for raw materials.

【推荐1】Coffee has a history dating back to at least the 9th century and has been a catalyst for social interaction across cultures and eras. Originally discovered in Ethiopia, coffee beans were brought into the Middle East by Arab traders, spreading to Egypt, Yemen, Persia, Turkey, and North Africa by the 15th century. Muslim merchants eventually brought the beans to the thriving port city of Venice, where they sold them to wealthy Italian buyers. Soon, the Dutch began importing and growing coffee in places like Java and Ceylon (largely through slave labor), and the British East India Trading Company was popularizing the beverage in England. Coffee spread across Europe and even reached America.
Where there has been coffee, there has been the coffeehouse. From the 15th century Middle Eastern establishments where men gathered to listen to music, play chess, and hear recitations from works of literature, to Paris' Cafe le Procope where luminaries of the French Enlightenment such as Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot came to enjoy a hot cup of joe, coffeehouses have traditionally served as centers of social interaction, places where people can come to relax, chat, and exchange ideas.
The modern coffee shop is modeled on the espresso and pastry-centered Italian coffeehouses that arose with the establishment of Italian-American immigrant communities in major US cities such as New York City's Little Italy and Greenwich Village, Boston's North End, and San Francisco's North Beach. New York coffee shops were often frequented by the Beats in the 1950's. It wasn't long before Seattle and other parts of the Pacific Northwest were developing coffee shops as part of a thriving counterculture scene. The Seattle-based Starbucks took this model and brought it into mainstream culture.
Although coffeehouses today continue to serve their traditional purpose as lively social hubs in many communities, they have noticeably adapted to the times. Rediscovering their purpose as centers of information exchange and communication, many coffee shops now provide their customers with internet access and newspapers. It has become extremely common to see someone sitting at a Starbucks listening to music or surfing the web on his or her laptop. Coffee stores today also maintain a fairly identifiable, yet unique aesthetic: wooden furniture and plush couches, paintings and murals drawn on walls, and soft-lighting combine to give coffee shops the cozy feeling of a home away from home.
Today, big business retail coffee shops are expanding quickly all over the world. Starbucks alone has stores in over 40 countries and plans to add more. Despite its popularity, Starbucks has been criticized and labeled by many as a blood-sucking corporate machine, driving smaller coffee shops out of business through unfair practices. This has even spawned an anti-corporate coffee counterculture, with those subscribing to this culture boycotting big business coffee chains. Increasingly popular coffee stores such as The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf are also giving Starbucks some stiff competition. In any case, it seems pretty clear that coffee has weaved itself into the fabric of our consumer-oriented culture.
1. Which of the following is the correct order of coffee spreading in history?
①Egypt               ②America     ③the Middle East     ④Netherlands     ⑤Venice

A．①③④②⑤

B．③①⑤④②

C．①⑤④③②

D．③②⑤④①

2. We can infer from the passage ________.

A．Starbucks has beaten all the competitors

B．there are no changes in the development of coffee culture

C．the taste of coffee has changed a lot

D．Starbucks has some effect on the development of coffee culture

3. The famous coffeehouse “Starbucks” originally come from _______.

A．Seattle

B．Ethiopia

C．Java

D．France

4. Nowadays, if you come to a coffeehouse, you can _______.

A．play chess with other customers

B．enjoy delicious dishes from South America

C．surf the internet

D．watch a TV play

【推荐2】The entire country struggled with the never-before-seen heat of the July 2022 heatwave, but for the disabled, the heat hit even harder. The climate crisis is a threat to everyone’s health, but according to a report in 2021, people with disabilities are more vulnerable to the extreme weather events and natural disasters that result from the climate crisis.

Professor Kristie Ebi of the Centre for Health and the Global at the University of Washington, described the topic of heatwaves and disabled people as being an important issue. “Groups at higher risk during periods of high temperature include people with chronic (慢性的) medical conditions, people who take certain medications that can reduce the ability of the body to sweat, and the disabled”, notes Ebi, going on to describe the different threats that heatwaves pose to different types of disabilities. Ebi notes the difficulty people with mobility issues or blindness may have with accessing services, such as cooling shelters. Ebi also comments on the importance of making those with learning disabilities or deaf people know the dangers of high temperatures. “Some studies suggest higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues during heatwaves, requiring targeted help for those with mental disabilities,” she added.

Ailsa Speak, a disability and lifestyle blogger, experiences uncontrollable movements in the heat due to her cerebral palsy (脑瘫). “As you can imagine, when my involuntary movements increase, I get even hotter. It’s just a painful circle really.”

In the absence of a concrete set of plans for people with disabilities during the climate crisis and extreme weather events, people with disabilities continue to be at increased risk of heat-related disease.

To prevent future death and destruction, the Climate Change Committee (CCC), an independent organization tackling climate change, advocates for adaptation planning, as the temperature is set to rise further due to the climate crisis and global warming. The CCC’s 2022 report on the health risks of overheating offers adaptation options to the government to ensure that buildings are fit for future climate change. Nevertheless, the publication does not offer specific advice about people with disabilities and overheating, which thus remains to be discussed promptly and thoroughly.

1. The underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 1 possibly means         .

A．preventive

B．delicate

C．experienced

D．adaptable

2. Which of the following would Professor Ebi most probably agree with?

A．Heatwaves make people with chronic diseases suffer most.

B．The mentally disabled have no access to cooling shelters.

C．Some disabled people are ill-informed about the risks of heatwaves.

D．Mobility disability contributes to higher risk of suicide in the heatwaves.

3. Why does the author mention Ailsa Speak?

A．To share a disabled blogger’s painful life.

B．To show what a terrible disease cerebral palsy is

C．To illustrate the trouble the disabled have in the heat.

D．To prove the never-before-seen highs in temperature.

4. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to         .

A．stress the urgent need to care for the disabled in the heat

B．suggest means of helping the disabled in heatwaves

C．tell readers how terrible the July 2022 heatwave was

D．introduce adaptation alternatives for future buildings