If you are a recent social science graduate who has had to listen to jokes about unemployment from your computer major classmates, you may have had the last laugh. There are many advantages for the social science major because this high-tech "Information Age" demands people who are flexible (灵活) and who have good communication skills.
There are many social science majors in large companies who fill important positions. For example, a number of research studies found that social science majors had achieved greater managerial success than those who had technical training or pre-professional courses. Studies show that social science majors are most suited for change, which is the leading feature (特点) of the kind of high-speed, high-pressure, high-tech world we now live in.
Social science majors are not only experiencing success in their long term company jobs, but they are also finding jobs more easily. A study showed that many companies had filled a large percentage of their entry level positions with social science graduates. The study also showed that the most sought-after quality in a person who was looking for a job was communication skills, noted as "very important" by 92 percent of the companies. Social science majors have these skills, often without knowing how important they are. It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions.
Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don't regret their choice of study.
1. By saying that "you may have had the last laugh" in the first paragraph, the author means that you may have ________.A.shared the jokes with computer majors |
B.earned as much as computer majors |
C.found jobs more easily than computer majors |
D.stopped joking about computer majors |
A.are ready to change when situations change |
B.are better able to deal with difficulties |
C.are equally good at computer skills |
D.are likely to give others pressure |
A.keep for some time |
B.successfully get |
C.immediately start |
D.lose regretfully |
A.Willingness to take low-paid jobs. |
B.Readiness to gain high-tech knowledge. |
C.Skills in expressing themselves. |
D.Part-time work experience. |
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【推荐1】The tragedy of the commons is an economic theory which outlines the problems with people sharing collective property versus private ownership. An example of collective property is when employees don’t feel any ownership in the chairs and desks in the office, so they don’t report problems when they occur. However, in private ownership, anything is checked and taken care of. The tragedy of the commons can ruin your business if you’re not careful.
Encourage teamwork. Numerous studies have shown that to employees, self-realization is even more important than money. We can self-realize by feeling like we are a team, jointly committed to a cause.
Hold back the critical. Not everybody is cut out to be an overseer of a business. Some people are just too judgmental or negative. Even if such people have particular skills, you do well to not assign them to oversee others. They can drive everybody crazy.
Welcome feedback. You may notice something is not being taken care of here or there.
A.Plan out management wisely. |
B.Assign tasks evenly among employees. |
C.Create a place for them where they work chiefly alone. |
D.There, however, exist such benefits as mentioned below. |
E.The question then comes: How do you deal with it in a business? |
F.Point it out in a respectful manner and figure out what is going on. |
G.Inspire everyone to take a heartfelt involvement in the business as a whole. |
【推荐2】Exploring Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Gaining a richer and deeper understanding of psychology can help people achieve insights into their own actions as well as a better understanding of other people.
One important benefit from a psychology major is that it teaches the student about the human mind and why people act in various manners. Not all psychology majors will become psychologists.
Psychology also offers the individual insight into himself or herself. As the person learns about the human mind, how it works and why people behave in specific manners, the person may also begin to recognize both harmful and helpful thought patterns in himself or herself.
This may lead the person to an increased level of self-awareness.
A.Self-awareness is a vital skill for any person to have. |
B.It shows the individual what areas the person needs to strengthen. |
C.As a result, psychology becomes an incredibly popular college major. |
D.A psychology major examines the science of human behavior and mental processes. |
E.All fields have the opportunity to benefit from the guidance that psychology can offer. |
F.The third reason why psychology is a useful major is that it opens up a wide range of career opportunities. |
G.However, all psychology majors will develop an increased awareness about human behavior and thought patterns. |
【推荐3】13-year-old Ava Dorsey is the founder of Ava’s Pet Palace, a business that sells organic dog and cat treats.“I actually had the idea when I was six with a picture I drew of a palace,”she says.It was a detailed design for dogs and cats and she had serious plans to build it one day.
Unlike most dog treats that you find in stores, dog treats sold by Ava’s Pet Palace are 100% organic, and are non-GMO(非转基因). Ava has set a goal for herself with these dog treats, and she wants every treat to be healthy, tasty, and top-quality. Seriously, some of her treats sound delicious enough for people to eat! “All of my bags now have the USDA organic stamp, and we're very excited to have gotten it because it's something I've wanted for a long time,”she says.“A lot of stores like to see organic products because customers like it, so that was really exciting.”
Ava says the biggest challenge of being a kid in business is when people don't take her seriously, but undoubtedly Ava has proved that her doubters are wrong! When asked how she defines(定义) success, Ava says,“When you hit a bump in the road, you shouldn't give up and you keep trying.”She learned that from her mom, who sounds like a smart lady! Some more things Ava has learned from her years in business: Hard work eventually pays off and there is nothing wrong with asking for help.
As far as the future of the pet treats industry goes, Ava is optimistic——but she’d also like to be an inspiration for change.“There’s not much diversity(多样性) right now, so that’s something I would love to see in the future,”says Ava.“I would also love to see more kids in this industry.There aren't many other teenagers around, and I hope that I can be an inspiration to others who hope to lead the pet industry.”
1. What can we learn about Ava’s Pet Palace from the first two paragraphs?A.It is a palace for pets. | B.It is very popular among kids. |
C.It sells organic pet food. | D.It designs stamps for customers. |
A.Drive on a stone road. | B.Escape a setback in business. |
C.Face a challenging situation. | D.Encounter an unexpected opportunity. |
A.She plans to enlarge her business in other industries. |
B.She wants to employ more teenagers in her company. |
C.She intends to be a leading figure in the pet industry. |
D.She hopes to break new ground in the pet treats industry. |
A.Patient and hard-working. | B.Determined and creative. |
C.Confident and humorous. | D.Friendly and outgoing. |
【推荐1】The major drivers of climate change are collective enterprises such as power grids (电力公司), industry, large-scale agriculture and transportation systems. About half of all greenhouse gas emissions comes from electricity generation and industrial fossil-fuel use. Substantial (大量的) emissions reductions in these settings most likely will not come from personal actions; they will come from laws and policies such as carbon-pricing systems, revised building codes and supports for green investment. But one effective act is to consume less meat.
Cutting meat consumption is a powerful and personal thing most Americans can do to tackle (解决)the climate crisis, and they can do it immediately. About 40 percent of greenhouse gases come from agriculture, deforestation and other land-use changes. Meat-particularly beef-drives climate change in two ways: first, through cows’ emission of methane(甲烷), a strong greenhouse gas, and second, by destroying forests as they are changed into grass land.Despite the economic slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), atmospheric greenhouse gas levels continued to rise in 2020, in large part because of an emissions increase in the Amazon as rain forests were changed into land for cattle to satisfy the global demand for beef. By eating less beef, we can start to decrease that demand.
You do not have to become a vegan (素食主义者) to do this. According to one recent study, if every person in the U.S. cut their meat consumption by 25 percent, it would reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions by 1 percent. That might not sound like a lot, but it would help protect the rain forest, so the positive effects-including reduced water and fertilizer use, improved biodiversity and safeguarded rights of local peoples-would be amplified (放大).
Perhaps, social action is kind of infectious (有感染力的) in a good way. If lots of us begin to eat less meat and if we talk about it constructively, we will likely influence others. Pretty soon the 1 percent reduction becomes 2 percent or more. Reduced demand for meat could motivate my local supermarket to carry better produce, making it easier for me and my neighbours to prepare a few more satisfying meat-free meals. Ultimately changes in demand will influence industry. Forty years ago few mainstream supermarkets carried organic (有机的) products; now nearly all do. Consumer demand did that.
Above all, cutting back on red meat also has the added benefit of being good for your health.
1. What may substantially reduce greenhouse gas emission?A.Encouraging personal efforts. |
B.Making favourable laws and policies. |
C.Reducing various power plants. |
D.Investing large transportation systems. |
A.The effects of COVID-19 pandemic. |
B.The slow pace of economy. |
C.The destruction of forests for cattle. |
D.The quick development of agriculture. |
A.remind people to buy organic food |
B.prove one’s action can influence others |
C.call on supermarkets to sell organic products |
D.show demand has impact on production |
A.Less Beef, Much Healthier |
B.To Eat Less Meat for Climate |
C.Small Personal Actions Have a Big Impact |
D.Cattle Are Partly Responsible for Climate Crisis |
【推荐2】Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
“That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.
“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. ”
1. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A.Memorizing specific words. | B.Understanding complex information. |
C.Using voices to communicate. | D.Communicating messages on purpose. |
A.It was well designed but poorly conducted. |
B.It was a good try but the findings were limited. |
C.It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. |
D.It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. |
A.Difference. | B.Conflict. | C.Balance. | D.Connection. |
A.Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough |
B.Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills |
C.Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom |
D.Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated |
【推荐3】The twilight (朦胧的) time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential, In a new experiment, people who went into a light sleep were better problem solvers later.
It is said that the famous inventor, Thomas Edison, used to fall asleep in a chair holding two steel balls. As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.
Researchers tested Edison’s method of cultivating creativity with 103 healthy people. Volunteers came to the lab to solve a tricky number problem. They were asked to change a string of numbers into a shorter sequence (序列). They were told to follow two simple rules. What the volunteers weren’t told was that there was an easy trick to do this task. The second number in the sequence would always be the correct final number, too. Once discovered, this trick dramatically cut the solving time.
After doing this task 60 times, the volunteers earned a 20-minute break. This downtime was spent in a quiet, dark room. Volunteers sat in chairs and held a version of the steel balls that Edison used as “alarm clocks”— it was a light drinking bottle in one dangling (悬垂) hand. The researchers told participants to close their eyes and rest or sleep if they desired.
About half of the participants stayed awake. Twenty-four fell asleep and stayed in the shallow, twilight stage of sleep called N1. Fourteen others progressed to N2, a deeper stage of sleep.
After their rest, participants returned to their number problem. The researchers saw a clear difference between the groups. People who had fallen into a shallow, early sleep were 2.7 times as likely to spot the hidden trick as people who stayed awake. Shallow sleepers were 5.8 times as likely to spot the trick as people who reached the deeper N2 stage.
1. What can be inferred about Thomas Edison?A.His creative ideas were often forgotten. |
B.He woke himself up from a light sleep on purpose. |
C.His sleeping pattern has been studied by researchers. |
D.He once got inspiration from a metal ball and a metal pan. |
A.Work out a number sequence. |
B.Find out the rules in a sequence of words. |
C.Describe what happened in their shallow sleep. |
D.Pick out the wanted numbers in the shortest time. |
A.Those who stayed awake. |
B.Those who slept for the longest hours. |
C.Those who woke up from the stage of N1. |
D.Those who woke up from the stage of N2. |
A.Write down Your Ideas before You Forget |
B.Shallow Sleepers May Be Better Inventors |
C.Nodding off May Turn Your Creativity on |
D.Number Problems Are Solved in a Deep Sleep |