Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry then if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in it self.
Grown-ups can hardly find children’s games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is fond that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.
It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.
1. What is true about children when they play games?| A．They don’t need rules. |
| B．They want to pick a better team. |
| C．They can test their personal abilities. |
| D．They can stop playing any time they like. |
| A．play well |
| B．wait for his turn |
| C．be confident in himself |
| D．be popular among his playmates |
| A．children play games without reasons |
| B．children’s games can do them a lot of good |
| C．children should invite grown-ups to play with them |
| D．children should make better rules for their games |
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【推荐1】Model Railroading
Would you like to know a fun way to learn about math? Well, you can do that with model railroading. Yes, it's true. You can learn about many school topics without using a school book. Besides that, there are many other benefits that model railroading brings us as well. In this article, we will discuss just a few of those benefits of model railroading.
Patience and problem solving skills
When you build a model railroad, you have to plan your railroad out. You have to decide where the tracks (轨道) will go, where to put buildings, where to put streets and any other things you would like to add to your model railroad. Also, you have to think about any problems you may have with the design you choose. How will you make railroad crossings? How will you design hills, mountains, and rivers? Deciding on what to do with your model railroad takes a lot of thought and patience, but it is not as difficult as you may think.
Building skills
With model railroading, you learn how to put together plastic models of buildings. Also, you can learn how to build a table for your design, or make scenery for the geography of your design. Your model railroad runs on electricity, so you learn about electronics as well. These are skills that not only help you build a model railroad; these skills will help you throughout life.
Fun for family and friends
Different from many video games, model railroading is a social hobby that lets you communicate with family and friends. This is because you have to communicate with family and friends as you build and run your model railroad. By spending time with the people in your life you love and care about, you learn to become closer and care more for each other. This is one of the best parts of model railroading as a hobby. Of course, the best part about model railroading is running the trains. Watching the trains run around the track and make all the sounds and do all the things that real trains do gives people hours of enjoyment. Also, there is great satisfaction in the fact that you, your family, and your friends built the model railroad.
I hope you can learn to enjoy model railroading and experience all the benefits you just read about and many others. Happy railroading!
1. In order to build a model railroad, you have to be ________.| A．skillful and confident |
| B．an electrical engineer |
| C．thoughtful and patient |
| D．an expert in geography |
| A．Running the trains. |
| B．Planning out the railroad. |
| C．Putting streets and buildings. |
| D．Learning electronics and wiring. |
| A．it encourages us to complete it on our own |
| B．it improves the problem solving skills and creativity |
| C．it brings us hours of enjoyment and great satisfaction |
| D．it offers us chances to communicate with family and friends |
| A．In an official report. |
| B．In a youth magazine. |
| C．In a medical textbook. |
| D．In a tourist guidebook. |
【推荐2】Children love playing outdoors. They usually get muddy, with no regard for the colour of their clothing. “Don’t get dirty!” was once a constant family warning, as parents watched their children ruin their best clothes. They were happy running through farmer’s fields or climbing trees.
According to the experts, parents don’t have to concern too much about it. Recent research shows that the dirt outside can develop resistance to a range of illnesses. Certain natural materials, such as mud, contain surprisingly powerful microorganisms (微生物群) whose positive impact on children’s health we are only beginning to fully understand.
Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are established as well. Our brains evolved in beautiful landscapes, and the way we perceive the world is particularly suited to wild outdoor spaces. This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation (刺激).
Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences.
Today, with the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is rarer than in the past. More and more parents begin to recognize the importance of outdoor play.
| A．Outdoor play does better to children’s physical growth, compared with getting muddy. |
| B．For many, it is simply an opportunity to get close to nature. |
| C．They may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up a bit of dirt. |
| D．They recommend using nature as an accessible way of interacting with others. |
| E．It helps children develop the way their senses and movement interact. |
| F．It helps refresh the brain and even reduce depression and anxiety. |
| G．It was obvious that children’s whites would turn brown before the day was over. |
【推荐3】One easy way you can get to know students is to organize some get-to-know-you games. Here are a few youth activities ideas.
M&M Roulette (Prep time: 15 Minutes)
Write descriptions next to every color M&M ( Yellow: Your favorite kind of food; Red: Something you’re good at; Blue: Your favorite vacation)
Have students sit in a circle.
Open a pack of M&Ms.
Pass around the pack.
Ask students to pick out an M&M.
Whatever color they get, they have to answer the description.
Go until the pack is empty.
Dice (方块) and Dare (Prep time: 15 Minutes)
Write 12 get-to-know-you questions on a board.
Have students sit in a circle.
Have each student roll the dice once and answer the number question shown on the dice.
This or That (Prep time: 15 Minutes)
Write a list of 10 this-or-that questions (for example: “Would you rather be a bee or a horse?” “Would you rather have five brothers or five sisters?” You can draw from this list of 200 examples.)
Have students sit in a circle.
Ask the first student a “This or That” question.
Take turns going around the circle.
The Worm Olympics (Prep time: 5 minutes)
Prepare two sleeping bags.
Pair up students in pairs of two.
Each person in a pair gets in a sleeping bag on the ground (one pair at a time).
Have each member of the team race each other from a starting line to the finishing line.
1. Where is this text probably taken from on the Internet?| A．Education. | B．Volunteering. | C．Travel. | D．Articles. |
| A．Students have to choose their favourite color. |
| B．Students should prepare two sleeping bags. |
| C．All the students should sit around in a circle. |
| D．All the members of the team race each other. |
| A．M&M Roulette | B．Dice and Dare | C．This or That | D．The Worm Olympics |
