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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:396 题号:8684051
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that ____show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1. The discovery shows that Westerners         .
A.pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B.consider facial expressions universally reliable
C.observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D.have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
2. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A.To make a face at each other.B.To get their faces impressive.
C.To classify some face pictures.D.To observe the researchers' faces.
3. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The participants in the study.
B.The researchers of the study.
C.The errors made during the study.
D.The data collected from the study.
4. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .
A.do translation more successfully
B.study the mouth more frequently
C.examine the eyes more attentively
D.read facial expressions more correctly
5. What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D.How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
2010·湖南·高考真题 查看更多[11]

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【推荐1】We tend to receive a lot of free advice in our daily lives. When our oldest daughter was living at home before she got married, she had so much advice for us that she became our life coach. Because our life coach was engaged and about to marry, she was reading book after book on marriage and relationships. She had not yet been in a marriage, but she was nearly an expert on the subject.

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We take our coaching into consideration. We are happy that someone takes an interest in us and even happier that we don’t have to pay for free advice.

1. Why did the author consider her oldest daughter their life coach?
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【推荐2】Your third year of high school is probably a tough and busy time.     1     We all know that not getting enough sleep is not good for our health, but it has been found that less sleep could even cause us to have fewer friends.

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【推荐3】My mother is now 90. Thankfully, she is blessed with good health.

I still remember ten years ago when she turned 80, she surprised my brother and me with what she described as “independent birthday”.

One day she informed us she’d booked a seven-night trip to Turkey. Alone. Because she had never been. Of course, that was ridiculous. There was no way my brother and I could allow that. A weak, little old lady wandering the streets of Istanbul on her own, not speaking a word of Turkish, with no knowledge of the laws and customs of the land — it was out of the question!

She paid no attention to us. Off she went. When she returned, she told us it had been a wonderful success. As it turned out, she had barely spent any time alone, after hiring a taxi driver to show her around Istanbul for some days. He took her to all the sites — the markets, churches and restaurants. He introduced her to a blanket seller, “a lovely fellow,” and she bought some blankets. The seller took her address details and promised to ship them to Canada. They would be arriving in three or four weeks. My mother beamed (眉开眼笑) as she told this story. The blanket seller and my mother apparently built a friendship and she told him to drop by if he were ever in Canada.

To our great shock, her blankets did arrive some weeks later, along with a lovely note from the seller Mustafa. To our even greater surprise, the following year Mustafa himself arrived in Canada. He called our mother to inform her he was in Ottawa.

“I invited him over and he came by for a cup of tea. They drink a lot of tea in Turkey,” my mother told my horrified brother and me.

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A.It’s never too old to learn.B.East or West, home is best.
C.Life should be well lived.D.Time and tide wait for no man.
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