某实验小组利用热敏电阻制作温控报警器,当温度到达或超过
时,发出警报。
操作如下:
(1)测量热敏电阻在
时的阻值,该热敏电阻的阻值随着温度的升高而降低。有以下实验器材可供选择。
A.电源E(电动势为
,内阻不计)
B.电流表A(量程为
,内阻约
)
C.电压表V(量程为
,内阻约
)
D.滑动变阻器
(最大电阻为
,额定电流
)
E.滑动变阻器
(最大电阻为
,额定电流为
)
F.热敏电阻
(60℃时阻值在
之间)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/8/7cb88f62-c79a-40c8-a3c8-1784a81c30dc.png?resizew=756)
①为了更准确测定阻值,滑动变阻器应选择______ (选填“
”或“
”),电路图应选择图8中的______ (选填“甲“或“乙”);
②对热敏电阻加热至60℃,保持温度不变,调节滑动变阻器,得到电压表和电流表的多组数据,已在图8丙中描好点,请在图中画出 ![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
图像 ______ ,并得到![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/40542af817ca6d3721cac25bba07f91f.png)
______
(计算结果保留2位有效数字)。
(2)调试报警器
①按照图丁连接器材,报警器报警最低电流为
,功率极小,电源为可调电源,内阻不计,调试时输出电压为
;
②在常温下,闭合开关
,开关
接通b,将电阻箱的阻值调为
,调节滑动变阻器,直至报警器警报。再将开关
接通a,报警器调试完成。有三种滑动变阻器
、
、
可供选择,其最大阻值分别为
、
、
,为方便调节,应选择______ (选填“
”、“
”或“
”)。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/627d1038ec568d0540e3258528b2533f.png)
操作如下:
(1)测量热敏电阻在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/627d1038ec568d0540e3258528b2533f.png)
A.电源E(电动势为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ae62ccc477cd41615b417464841047f.png)
B.电流表A(量程为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5c5c631f2750511e61b1fbcca001dd5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a24b21ca0718323a3bb9818a3f92875c.png)
C.电压表V(量程为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ae62ccc477cd41615b417464841047f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c2d5329b0fe942daf249a6d207b5d8ea.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d757a8853133814c9a9753443c1cf82.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/000fc5a7140553c3fc4b3e446287962e.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/859576753fd99be483c2574d2e521a9c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c6df49dc3857b53963eab2d7f5f8279a.png)
F.热敏电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/088fe9f953944af0c5512dd2deb5d1bd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b5b18cd21d4707d48838853590ded22.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/8/7cb88f62-c79a-40c8-a3c8-1784a81c30dc.png?resizew=756)
①为了更准确测定阻值,滑动变阻器应选择
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
②对热敏电阻加热至60℃,保持温度不变,调节滑动变阻器,得到电压表和电流表的多组数据,已在图8丙中描好点,请在图中
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/40542af817ca6d3721cac25bba07f91f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cffa35373ec4e4684107b42adb7a5161.png)
(2)调试报警器
①按照图丁连接器材,报警器报警最低电流为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d806f3c728bdd69b0ac1bcb1e211692d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d64b26bd3eaeebadf07fef49e260282.png)
②在常温下,闭合开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d43eb0b274e00cbbc4a210da4165042.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/779629f16056a50f4c06e3996d8e1c82.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e474bdf61fb3f97f6219aa10aca2e12.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a2c4640b2bee411935f588fc5433c74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98e2599548b7b123f3c8d0b91aacd5de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21e68c031d480eb06470a68a3554a3e0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/486f30b44d1e6ffde2b0682808ca010b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6505d03797e57e7f1c8afcefec368175.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c117c482b73f77e39cfffe4292cb648d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a2c4640b2bee411935f588fc5433c74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98e2599548b7b123f3c8d0b91aacd5de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21e68c031d480eb06470a68a3554a3e0.png)
21-22高三上·广东惠州·阶段练习 查看更多[6]
2022届广东省惠州市高三上学期第三次调研考试物理试题2022年全国普通高等院校招生(湖南、湖北、江苏、广东、山东)统一模拟物理试题(已下线)2022年福建省普通高中学业水平选择性考试物理模拟试卷(一)广东省梅州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末物理试题(已下线)广东省梅州市三年(2020-2022)高二下学期期末物理试题题型分类汇编3-填空题、实验题四川省成都市石室中学2022-2023学年高三下学期4月第一次阶段性测试物理试题
更新时间:2022-07-06 10:54:01
|
【知识点】 测量电阻丝电阻率的实验电路、实验步骤和注意事项
相似题推荐
实验题
|
适中
(0.65)
名校
【推荐1】在“测定金属的电阻率”的实验中,所用测量仪器均已校准。已知待测金属丝的电阻值
约为
。可供选择的器材有:
电源E:电动势
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
电流表
:量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d44d033bbc7752424cc86ae17a748e4.png)
电流表
:量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/159faf4a64cab518863177238d345ff7.png)
电压表
:量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ad53b547e11f3e4719a70a4b9564cc8.png)
电压表
:量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c94435abd92f9e157066cfb7f4e1b514.png)
滑动变阻器R1:最大阻值
,允许最大电流![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
滑动变阻器R2:最大阻值
,允许最大电流![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db586f2c37b26089713ff02346e6d0d8.png)
开关一个,导线若干。
(1)在上述器材中,应该选用的电流表是__________ ,应该选用的电压表是__________ 。若想尽量多测几组数据,应该选用的滑动变阻器是__________ (填写仪器的字母代号)。
(2)用所选的器材,一位同学画出了测量电路如图甲或图乙所示,电阻测量值由公式
计算得出,式中U与I分别为电压表和电流表的示数。若将图甲和图乙电路电阻的测量值分别记为
和
,则________ (选填“
”或“
”)更接近待测电阻的真实值;该测量值________ (选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)待测电阻的真实值。________ 。
A.对金属丝的直径多次测量求平均值,可消除误差
B.由于电流表和电压表内阻引起的误差属于偶然误差
C.利用电流I随电压U的变化图线求
可减小偶然误差
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b132e0cbd0e446630f4bb65804ce581.png)
电源E:电动势
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b5c929172bbfc21741fa7ef1f53b7bb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d44d033bbc7752424cc86ae17a748e4.png)
电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a9d332743ec267382cd99600b757cd3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/159faf4a64cab518863177238d345ff7.png)
电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4a6bb65878785532d817f8fd11a9ef3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ad53b547e11f3e4719a70a4b9564cc8.png)
电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/edaab27d71cd1a342f454c8853e69e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c94435abd92f9e157066cfb7f4e1b514.png)
滑动变阻器R1:最大阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b132e0cbd0e446630f4bb65804ce581.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
滑动变阻器R2:最大阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d73e3afd9125734e380b2fe53d0f258.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/db586f2c37b26089713ff02346e6d0d8.png)
开关一个,导线若干。
(1)在上述器材中,应该选用的电流表是
(2)用所选的器材,一位同学画出了测量电路如图甲或图乙所示,电阻测量值由公式
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/459e18b208d212d7a546af7d891f7441.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31ff67e41013d12d04da74d4f489de46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b02856d4ba75f28af574ce0a064854a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31ff67e41013d12d04da74d4f489de46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b02856d4ba75f28af574ce0a064854a.png)
A.对金属丝的直径多次测量求平均值,可消除误差
B.由于电流表和电压表内阻引起的误差属于偶然误差
C.利用电流I随电压U的变化图线求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
实验题
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适中
(0.65)
名校
【推荐2】某同学欲测一个未知电阻的阻值,可供选择的仪器有:电流表A,量程有10mA和0.6A两种;电压表V,量程有3V和15V两种;电源电压为4.5V。该同学先按如图接好电路,闭合
后,把开关
拨至a时发现,两电表的指针偏转都在满偏的
处,再把
拨至b时发现,其中电压表的指针偏角几乎不变,电流表的指针偏转到满偏的
处。则该同学在实验中:
(1)所选电压表的量程为______ 。
(2)所选电流表的量程为______ 。
(3)为减小系统误差,
应接到______ (填“a”或“b”)被测电阻的测量值![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
______ 。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/910f1655703721b51006b887a2394b6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/779629f16056a50f4c06e3996d8e1c82.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7294f5ae2a24ff42e84cd9773b2a7287.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/779629f16056a50f4c06e3996d8e1c82.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8b2a698891d42c70b597f0da4f215f09.png)
(1)所选电压表的量程为
(2)所选电流表的量程为
(3)为减小系统误差,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/779629f16056a50f4c06e3996d8e1c82.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/1/a46b2e43-65c4-4aa1-9404-c8b9028477a7.png?resizew=133)
您最近一年使用:0次
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【推荐3】小明家里有一台小型的风扇灯,额定电压5.0V,额定功率约为2.5W,他想利用实验室的器材描绘出这台风扇灯的伏安特性曲线。在实验室中找到了导线、开关,还有以下器材:
A.电源E:电动势为6.0V
B.电流表
:量程0~0.6A,内阻
约为0.5Ω
C.电流表
:量程150
,内阻为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cb771e2592cd6d09e25bdc85779593f0.png)
D.定值电阻![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dfcd0ba05362781df538a801ae470173.png)
E.定值电阻![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed1b5e0ac0a7e764dcf7df39477e92ad.png)
F.滑动变阻器
:最大阻值100Ω
G.滑动变阻器
:最大阻值10Ω
(1)为了便于调节,且能够实现在0~5.0V范围内对风扇灯两端电压进行测量,实验中滑动变阻器应选用_________ ;
为尽可能精确测量实验数据,应选用定值电阻_________ ,将电流表_________ 改装成电压表使用。(均选填器材前的字母序号)
(2)请帮助小明根据题中所给实验器材设计实验电路,并在甲图中将电路设计图补充完整________ (风扇灯用M表示)(注意请在图中标上所用元件相应的符号)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/1/2869355176517632/2871804929490944/STEM/16eb3cce-1301-4aa8-b91f-c802203f9031.png?resizew=319)
(3)该同学在实验过程中发现,小风扇灯在电流表读数小于0.15A时灯亮但风扇不能转动。他通过实验描绘出
图象如图乙所示,其中
为电流表
的读数、
为电流表
的读数。由实验数据可得:
为0.10A时
为10
。则灯亮但风扇不能转动时小风扇灯的电阻为___________ 。(计算结果保留两位有效数字)
A.电源E:电动势为6.0V
B.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2858005b9ae89ae080d83dcc13cf8e81.png)
C.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9e65b2e896a5c2371ef4d17d58d2709.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/58b5bd7cf13ef88690281ce09f1d3471.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cb771e2592cd6d09e25bdc85779593f0.png)
D.定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dfcd0ba05362781df538a801ae470173.png)
E.定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed1b5e0ac0a7e764dcf7df39477e92ad.png)
F.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a2c4640b2bee411935f588fc5433c74.png)
G.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/98e2599548b7b123f3c8d0b91aacd5de.png)
(1)为了便于调节,且能够实现在0~5.0V范围内对风扇灯两端电压进行测量,实验中滑动变阻器应选用
为尽可能精确测量实验数据,应选用定值电阻
(2)请帮助小明根据题中所给实验器材设计实验电路,并在甲图中将电路设计图补充完整
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/1/2869355176517632/2871804929490944/STEM/16eb3cce-1301-4aa8-b91f-c802203f9031.png?resizew=319)
(3)该同学在实验过程中发现,小风扇灯在电流表读数小于0.15A时灯亮但风扇不能转动。他通过实验描绘出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4212457a633802e1f3e95466543cc9d8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f1ac49b4139636fb1809fe970b23a87.png)
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