某课外兴趣小组要描绘一个标有“4.8V,2.4W”的小灯泡的伏安特性曲线,部分实验器材如下:
直流电源E(6V,内阻可不计)
电流表A(0~0.6A,内阻约为0.4Ω)
电压表V(0~3V,内阻为1kΩ)
滑动变阻器R1(0~10Ω,额定电流2A)、滑动变阻器R2(0~150Ω,额定电流2A)
开关和导线若干
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/1/3/3145078094643200/3149031436083200/STEM/8b806e478b7845f8bb70775bac71e7b9.png?resizew=360)
(1)由于电压表V的量程太小,需将电压表量程扩大为0~6V,该电压表应串联的分压电阻的阻值为R0=___________ Ω,找到符合要求的电阻R0后,该小组的同学将题给的电压表(表盘未改动)与分压电阻R0串联,改装成量程为0~6V的电压表后,设计了图甲的电路来描绘该小灯泡的伏安特性曲线,为减小测量误差和便于实验操作,滑动变阻器应选用___________ ;
(2)连接好电路后小组成员发现无论如何调节滑动变阻器的阻值,电压表始终有示数,且电流表的示数无法调到零,可能的原因为___________ (选填“ab断路”“ac断路”“de断路”或“be短路”);
(3)排除故障后,通过电压表和电流表所读的数据在I-U坐标系中描点连线,得到的I-U曲线如图乙,当流过电流表的电流为0.2A时,小灯泡的电阻为___________ Ω(保留两位有效数字)。
直流电源E(6V,内阻可不计)
电流表A(0~0.6A,内阻约为0.4Ω)
电压表V(0~3V,内阻为1kΩ)
滑动变阻器R1(0~10Ω,额定电流2A)、滑动变阻器R2(0~150Ω,额定电流2A)
开关和导线若干
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/1/3/3145078094643200/3149031436083200/STEM/8b806e478b7845f8bb70775bac71e7b9.png?resizew=360)
(1)由于电压表V的量程太小,需将电压表量程扩大为0~6V,该电压表应串联的分压电阻的阻值为R0=
(2)连接好电路后小组成员发现无论如何调节滑动变阻器的阻值,电压表始终有示数,且电流表的示数无法调到零,可能的原因为
(3)排除故障后,通过电压表和电流表所读的数据在I-U坐标系中描点连线,得到的I-U曲线如图乙,当流过电流表的电流为0.2A时,小灯泡的电阻为
更新时间:2023-01-09 12:23:46
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【推荐1】有一额定电压为
、额定功率
的小灯泡,现要用伏安法描绘这个小灯泡的伏安特性曲线。有下列器材可供选用
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/2/2842488726855680/2843107386712064/STEM/8bbaf768-2b9b-434b-b3b0-8b3c759555cd.png?resizew=195)
A.电压表
量程
内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c0be5c6af21c8dedf6131cda385d6b68.png)
B.电压表
量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/42be2a8b5b81e36340b03b24cc783d9b.png)
C.电流表
量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f11a322d78e088484dd69505a725754.png)
D.电流表
量程
,内阻约![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e884738bbc746d835a0154db1b4fe75b.png)
E.滑动变阻器
最大电阻
,允许最大电流![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cdb17b01b7dac8fde908f0a0296b161.png)
F.滑动变阻器
最大电阻
,允许最大电流![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/275600d98a1acc9d9599e620a6dc2b73.png)
G.三节干电池
电动势约为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/52cb9a3bfd5837987b3a51913295739c.png)
H.电键、导线若干
(1)为提高实验的精确程度,电压表应选用________ ;电流表应选用________ ;滑动变阻器应选用________ 。
以上均填器材前的序号![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/881e2c3295b04e624e4b652ffa73d54b.png)
(2)通过实验描绘出小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图,则以下四个电路图中哪一种实验误差最小______
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/2/2842488726855680/2843107386712064/STEM/0a8faf31-6629-4d52-9de2-e76c5d963188.png?resizew=655)
请根据在(2)问中所选的电路图,补充完成图中实物间的连线________ 。
(3)由伏安特性曲线可知,小灯泡电阻随电压增大而________ 。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/636d3f588f45550575736e5df0fd8f8b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25822ea6b549a6ea61d8e4ebcd7af379.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/2/2842488726855680/2843107386712064/STEM/8bbaf768-2b9b-434b-b3b0-8b3c759555cd.png?resizew=195)
A.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c0be5c6af21c8dedf6131cda385d6b68.png)
B.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/837f3cec443d2a16c18d852450428368.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/42be2a8b5b81e36340b03b24cc783d9b.png)
C.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c12b1ca7005d01fa5f22f3eefb925417.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5f11a322d78e088484dd69505a725754.png)
D.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b319350d428c4db6753628dbac2f0162.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e884738bbc746d835a0154db1b4fe75b.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/78aa8e890d2ac882e0fe79598811777a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cdb17b01b7dac8fde908f0a0296b161.png)
F.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5cc26fa4a4ce27772c553a3e5516389.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/275600d98a1acc9d9599e620a6dc2b73.png)
G.三节干电池
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/52cb9a3bfd5837987b3a51913295739c.png)
H.电键、导线若干
(1)为提高实验的精确程度,电压表应选用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9481ae8070eb581425dc03ba66bb186.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/881e2c3295b04e624e4b652ffa73d54b.png)
(2)通过实验描绘出小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图,则以下四个电路图中哪一种实验误差最小
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/2/2842488726855680/2843107386712064/STEM/0a8faf31-6629-4d52-9de2-e76c5d963188.png?resizew=655)
请根据在(2)问中所选的电路图,补充完成图中实物间的连线
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/2/2842488726855680/2843107386712064/STEM/f0d67221-d804-401d-9261-a15d6a9cdc38.png?resizew=290)
(3)由伏安特性曲线可知,小灯泡电阻随电压增大而
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名校
【推荐2】小辉同学要测绘一个标有“3 V ,0.6 W”小灯泡的伏安特性曲线,灯泡两端的电压需要由零逐渐增加到3 V.
(1)实验的电路图应选用选项图中的 (填字母代号).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/16/d6b82e0d-e177-4903-8c63-61404cab8075.png?resizew=537)
(2)实验得到小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图所示,当小灯泡的电压为1.0 V,其电阻为 Ω,由图可得,当电压U>1 V后,小灯泡电阻R随温度T的升高而 (选填“增大”或“减小”).
(1)实验的电路图应选用选项图中的 (填字母代号).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/16/d6b82e0d-e177-4903-8c63-61404cab8075.png?resizew=537)
(2)实验得到小灯泡的伏安特性曲线如图所示,当小灯泡的电压为1.0 V,其电阻为 Ω,由图可得,当电压U>1 V后,小灯泡电阻R随温度T的升高而 (选填“增大”或“减小”).
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/16/5f06d0f6-efa2-4bb2-af18-bca9dec55bb4.png?resizew=200)
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名校
【推荐3】某同学研究小灯泡的伏安特性曲线,所使用的器材有:
小灯泡L(额定电压
,额定电流
),
电压表(量程
,内阻为
),
电流表A(量程
内阻约
),
定值电阻
(阻值为
),
滑动变阻器R(阻值
),
电源E(电动势
,内阻很小)
开关S,导线若干.
(1)实验要求能够实现在
的范围内对小灯泡的电压进行测量,请将图甲电路补画完整______________ ;
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/eccb1cc6-43d3-4655-bb8a-b518565dedb8.png?resizew=178)
(2)实验测得该小灯泡伏安特性曲线如图所示,由曲线可知,随着电流的增加小灯泡的电阻将_________ ;
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/1b224b4f-e2dd-44e9-98fc-650b01751794.png?resizew=306)
A.逐渐增大 B.逐渐减小
C.先增大后不变 D.先减小后不变
(3)若用多用表直接测量该小灯泡的电阻,正确操作后多用表指针如图所示,则小灯泡的电阻是_______
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/7f9e4c55-4d2d-44de-b845-549fd1c01dee.png?resizew=314)
(4)用另一电源
(电动势
,内阻
)和题中所给的小灯泡L、滑动变阻器R连接成如图所示的电路,闭合开关S,调节滑动变阻器R的阻值.在R的变化范围内,电源的最大输出功率为_______ W,此时小灯泡的功率为_______ W,滑动变阻器R接入电路的电阻为_______
.
小灯泡L(额定电压
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e7b5cbf1ad2537c4308ec353e9f806c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54f565fd03bc64dd09bd334972c57352.png)
电压表(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/951f5dfc2ee88b950c0a4322d9236ce4.png)
电流表A(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/25cbf0f2b721f093883d5b4d9bb146ef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dcbf05e437e731c2cb7e5f420d076e25.png)
定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ba93a05f0c780e64378f5e6361a9dad.png)
滑动变阻器R(阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/60630a4e584fd33e0bff41486ffba31a.png)
电源E(电动势
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92ba52b7c4a29a5abb6ca172af2d86c1.png)
开关S,导线若干.
(1)实验要求能够实现在
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cba78befa6e624c3a74c574fb5c2f494.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/eccb1cc6-43d3-4655-bb8a-b518565dedb8.png?resizew=178)
(2)实验测得该小灯泡伏安特性曲线如图所示,由曲线可知,随着电流的增加小灯泡的电阻将
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/1b224b4f-e2dd-44e9-98fc-650b01751794.png?resizew=306)
A.逐渐增大 B.逐渐减小
C.先增大后不变 D.先减小后不变
(3)若用多用表直接测量该小灯泡的电阻,正确操作后多用表指针如图所示,则小灯泡的电阻是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cb9ad1e34877b0db02d0219332b0f7b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/7f9e4c55-4d2d-44de-b845-549fd1c01dee.png?resizew=314)
(4)用另一电源
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b628d87cb667a0a31766a88c6c426324.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/41d8b94b084bbad77f6571673d8ccc19.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a8b8c31672cce39bf5f4d474c6466e33.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cb9ad1e34877b0db02d0219332b0f7b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/6/28/4caac8a8-21da-4ffd-b29e-ca66b1c5b4bd.png?resizew=196)
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【推荐1】用纵坐标表示电流I、横坐标表示电压U,画出
图像叫作导体的伏安特性曲线,伏安特性曲线常被用来研究导体电阻的变化规律,是物理学常用的图像法之一。某学习小组欲描绘小灯泡
的伏安特性曲线,小灯泡的额定电流为
,额定电压为
。实验提供的器材有:
①滑动变阻器(
)
②电源(
,内阻约
)
③电流表
(
、内阻约
)
④电流表
(
、内阻约
)
⑤电压表
(
、内阻约
)
⑥电压表
(
,内阻约
)
⑦开关,导线若干
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/23/9d87712b-5fdf-4290-8737-d2e69d18e4b8.png?resizew=413)
(1)要求灯泡上的电压从零开始调节,如图的两个电路图,符合要求的是________ (选填“甲”或“乙”)图。
(2)实验中电流表应选________ (选填“
”或“
”)、电压表应选________ (选填“
”或“
”)
(3)下表为某一实验小组记录的部分实验数据,其中有一次不符合规范,是第________ 次(选填序号)。
(4)如果考虑电表内阻的影响,用电压表的读数U与电流表的读数I的比值来表示灯泡的电阻的测量值,则该测量值________ (选填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)真实值。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e54f161011034b4f33bc21e3e8c241a4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d64b26bd3eaeebadf07fef49e260282.png)
①滑动变阻器(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/589c183718f7a66d748ab258ee5ee34d.png)
②电源(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/267feba236a22d3b0203270b9cee8abf.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1165b1263f064dbce803664eed2168d.png)
③电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/64eea08dbac8bc0aa845c8541672a9b1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d1165b1263f064dbce803664eed2168d.png)
④电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9e65b2e896a5c2371ef4d17d58d2709.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/947e97835206d91d18ea14b68ed1b031.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/78765e1bd81e034259ed8df96ad83d90.png)
⑤电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1a32b3f87faea8cfce4281460e1c362f.png)
⑥电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c688d3183cdee79c0ce7d84a23a38c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba17b88bde0d2850642a6a69e565d144.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/80b83e1d413d48afddd05d9b6b182815.png)
⑦开关,导线若干
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/23/9d87712b-5fdf-4290-8737-d2e69d18e4b8.png?resizew=413)
(1)要求灯泡上的电压从零开始调节,如图的两个电路图,符合要求的是
(2)实验中电流表应选
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
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(3)下表为某一实验小组记录的部分实验数据,其中有一次不符合规范,是第
实验次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
电压/V | 0 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.80 | 1.30 | 1.50 |
电流/A | 0 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.30 |
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【推荐2】某实验小组利用电压表、电流表、滑动变阻器等原件,按如图甲所示的电路来研究小灯泡的
特性曲线。实验时,闭合开关,缓慢调节滑动变阻器阻值,记录多组电压表读数U和对应的电流表读数I,根据数据作出
图线如图乙所示,回答下列问题:
(1)图甲中滑动变阻器采用________ (填“分压式”或“限流式”)的连接方式,电流表采用________ (填“内接法”或“外接法”)的连接方式;
(2)按甲图所示的电路图,用笔画线代替导线把图丙的实物图连接完整______ ;
(3)从
图线看出灯泡的电阻________ (填“是”或“不是”)一个常数,当通过灯泡的电流为
时,其两端的电压为________
。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/27/2f0edb5e-8823-48f9-bf93-995639bb1cef.png?resizew=621)
(1)图甲中滑动变阻器采用
(2)按甲图所示的电路图,用笔画线代替导线把图丙的实物图连接完整
(3)从
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dd1fd3cc33190245791eddc26c629b9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b597f7cdd2f7c8b54ad15b4463807f5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
您最近一年使用:0次