Since the earliest known examples of writing, people have made marks to record important information. They     16     with others and tell stories by writing. However, these days we have a new way to note things down: typing on a keyboard. We send emails or texts instead of letters, and most of an adult’s work is done with the help of a computer     17     a pen. During the pandemic, schools gave pupils computers so they could     18     online with their classes and send their typed homework to their teachers. Many people think typing is a good thing because it is quick, efficient and easy to read. Others say writing with a pen and paper is a     19     skill that shouldn’t be lost. What do you think? Is writing by hand better than typing?

Writing by hand may take longer than typing, but it seems to improve learning. Research shows that when we use a pen or pencil to     20     ideas on paper, we activate parts of the brain that help us learn, remember and think. Writing by hand lets people show their     21    , whether they’re printing letters, using joined-up writing, or practicing calligraphy (the art of beautiful handwriting). No two people have the same handwriting, which makes it a very     22     expression of each individual—it’s lovely to receive a handwritten letter. Writing by hand can also help people     23    . It’s easy to get lost when you are using a digital device like a phone or laptop, which also offers easy access to the Internet, games and apps.

Follow the countryside code

Autumn is a lovely time for getting in the countryside to appreciate all the beautiful colours on the trees. However, did you know that there are guidelines for enjoying the great outdoors? Here are the main things that you need to know.
①Care for each other Be friendly to people who live and work in the countryside, as well as fellow visitors. That means sharing spaces and not making too much noise. Cyclists have to give way to walkers. However, if you’re not cycling or riding, you should watch out for slower walkers.	②Keep to path While much of the countryside is available to the public, many areas are also private. Follow signs and stay on planned paths to avoid damaging crops, disturbing animals or getting lost. Use gates and paths. Leave gates as you found them or follow instructions on signs to prevent animals from escaping or being unable to reach food.
③Leave nothing behind If you have a picnic, make sure you clear up afterwards and take all your litter home. Rubbish can be harmful to wildlife. If you have a dog, bag any dog poo and bin it if you can, or take it home. Never light fires and only have barbecues if there are signs.	④ ________ ● Be careful not to step on plants. ● Leave rocks and stones where they are. ● Keep a respectful distance from wild birds and animals. ●Keep your dogs under control, on a lead or within your sight
Before you hit the road, you should ● design your route by using maps or apps ● check the weather conditions and make sure you are dressed correctly ●take water and snacks to keep you going

The difference between needs and wants

It’s very easy to waste money—even small purchases like stickers and snacks quickly add up. This makes it harder to save up for the things that you really want, but also means you might run out of money. In that case, you have to _______ what you need, not just what you want.

What do you need?

People often _______ things that they need for things that they want. For example, you need to eat dinner, but that doesn’t mean you need takeaway pizza—you just want it. You might hear grown-ups talking about how they “need” a holiday, but this is something they would _______ instead of something they need to survive.

What do you want?

Wants are items that would be nice to have, but you can _______ them. Unlike needs, your wants will change over time. As a child you might want a new bike, but when you get a bit older you want a phone, new clothes, or even a car.

When you have some money, it’s _______ that you will spend it all on the things you want. This isn’t a good idea because there’s a risk you won’t have enough money left to pay for things you need.

Mindful spending

Unfortunately, we can’t always have everything we want, at least not right away. Therefore, it is important to think twice about whether you _______ need something right now.

Getting into the habit of doing this now will make it much easier to manage money when you’re grown up.

Stop and think before you spend.

Open your mind

Being curious about the world around you can boost your confidence.

As a new school year begins, opening your mind to new people and experiences will help you make friends and d    51     new interests. Don’t worry about it—have a go!

Having an open mind and being curious means trying to understand other people’s t    52     and ideas, even if you don’t always agree with them. It also means trying new experiences and exploring different ways of doing things. You can have an open mind about a    53    . The new school term means there are plenty of opportunities to open your mind, find a new activity to try, make new friends and in the process, learn more about yourself.

There are many b    54     to being open minded. Kendra Cherry is an author and expert in feelings, and she says it helps you learn new things about the world and the people around you. This makes you feel more confident and positive about facing challenges. Having an interest in other people gives you more empathy, which means you understand and share their feelings, says Cherry. Being open to f    55     ideas can also create exciting new ones of your own.

Start by asking questions, says Cherry. So if you’re unsure about joining a new club, ask yourself what’s stopping you. Imagine how it feels to learn a new s    56     , meet new people and make friends. Don’t jump to a sudden decision but give yourself time to think about it first. If someone says something you disagree with, then instead of deciding they are w    57     or arguing back, take a moment to consider why they have that opinion.

Finally, open your mind to new ideas. Even if you think you’re an expert on a subject there is always more you can learn,

Finally, under a cloudy, moonless sky, the train pulled into the train station. “Hold hands and stay together,” Kassie’s mom waned as they got off the train and made their way out of the station. During their short ride to their new home, Kassie noticed how whites and blacks kept their distance. Even on the bus, they were forced to sit at the back; meanwhile, the whites took the front seats. Kassie couldn’t stop thinking of this strange behavior.

She hoped it would be slightly different at school.

Two days later, Kassie got her answer. She entered her classroom and was surprised to find so many white children already seated. She looked for a black child, but saw none, so she decided to find a seat.

“What are you doing?” a red-haired girl asked. Kassie looked at her puzzled, not sure how to reply. “Blacks sit on the back of the room,” the girl said, pointing a finger towards the broken desks at the back of the classroom. Kassie looked at the collection of desks and frowned. Most were broken, and their surfaces were covered with dust and pencil drawings. Kassie hoped that there would be other black children in the class, but as the bell rang, no other children showed up. When the teacher introduced Kassie to the class, everyone looked at her as if she was an alien.

The rest of the week wasn’t any better. Kassie considered asking her parents more than once to let her move back home with her grandparents. But again, the idea of being respectful and grateful kept her quiet.

Boston was a gray city with tall buildings and few trees. There were a few sunny days, and the air was cold. Kassie missed the open countryside, the tall trees, colourful flowers and blue skies. Most of all, she missed her friends and grandparents.

64. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）

新学期即将来临，学校社团计划招募新人。假如你是负责人之一，请根据以下内容和要求，写一篇短文，向同学们介绍其中一个社团，如：Reading club, public speaking club, movie club, sports club等，并号召大家加入，内容包括社团名称、活动形式、时间、地点及目的等信息。

The club is calling!

The new school year is around the corner. Are you ready to enjoy the beautiful after-school life? What about a club? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________