阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。

There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them to go and look at a pear tree far away in turns.
The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall.
When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen. The first son said that the tree was ugly. The second son said no; it was covered with green leaves, and full of hope. The third so n disagreed. He said there were many flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them, he said there was lots of fruit in the tree, full of life and harvest（收获）.
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, but they had each seen only one season in the tree’ s life. He told them ＂You cannot judge a tree, or a person by only one season and its true nature — the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life can only be judged at the end, when all the seasons are up.
If you give up when it’s winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, harvest of your fall. Don’t let the pain of one season kill the joy of all the rest.
1. Why did the man ask his sons to go and look at a pear tree in turns? (no more than 15 words)
2. Did the four sons have the same answer? (no more than 5 words)
3. What did the man think about his sons’ answers? (no more than 20 words)
4. 请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
5. 请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目。

Every year, more than nine million people all over the world come to visit London. They go to the museums and theaters; they look at interesting old buildings or have a drink in a park.

A quick and easy way to get to different places in the city is to take an underground train. The London underground is one of the best and most widely used transport networks (网状组织) in the world. The trains run all day and most of the night. 1. You’d better not take the underground between eight o’clock and ten o’clock in the morning, or four o’clock and six o’clock in the afternoon. 2. The trains are so crowded that you can hardly move or find a place to sit.

London’s famous red buses form a big part of getting around in London. Although the London underground is the fastest and the simplest way of getting around London, the buses play their part and are an experience you should try at least once. By sitting on the top deck (层) of the bus, you can get a great sightseeing (观光) experience of London as well.

Some special visitors’ buses take you to many of the interesting places in the city on one journey. It takes about one and a half hours, but you can cancel your journey and get off (and on again) at the different places you want to visit.

London taxis are called “black cabs”. Most of them are black, but some are not. You can stop one if it has a “For Hire (供租用的)” sign on it. The drivers are friendly and helpful.

In a word, London is a big and beautiful city with lots to see and to do.

6. 任务一：根据短文内容简要回答问题。
(1)How many kinds of transportation can visitors use to get around in London? List them.
_________________________________________________________
(2) If you go to visit London, which two kinds of transportation are you going to choose? Why?
_________________________________________________________
7. 任务二：将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
(1)_________________________________________________________
(2) _________________________________________________________
8. 任务三：请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。________________

阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。

Nick and his friends were talking about things that can bring them luck. “I have a lucky red pen,” said Andy. “I have a lucky coin,” said Peter. “Every time I take a test, I carry my lucky coin.” Nick thought for a moment, and said, “My blue socks.” “Blue socks?” the boys were surprised and asked together. Nick said that every time he wore his blue socks to school before a test, he got a good mark.

The next day Nick had a Chinese test. He was sad because he couldn’t find his blue socks. “Mom!” shouted Nick. “Where are my blue socks? I have a Chinese test today, and I need to wear them.”

“Don’t be silly,” Nick’s mom said. “They need to be washed.” “When I wear them, I get a good grade. ” Nick said.

“Did you prepare for your test?” asked Mom.

“Yes.”

“Then don’t worry aboutit. Just do your best.” Mom encouraged.

A few days later, Nick’s teacher told him that he got 95 in his test. Nick was so excited that he couldn’t wait to tell Mom he did well in his test. Mom said, “It wasn’t the blue socks that made you success. In fact, it was made by yourself.”

9. Who could get luck from a red pen?(根据短文内容回答问题)
10. Why was Nick sad the next day?(根据短文内容回答问题)
11. Was Nick’s good mark made by the blue socks or by himself?(根据短文内容回答问题)
12. 从文中找出与下面句子中画线部分意思最接近的短语。
Nick was so excited that he couldn’t wait to tell Mom he did well in his test.
13. In this passage, the underlined word “it” refers to ________.