【推荐1】One out of every six deaths in 2019 were the result of pollution, according to a recent study published in The Lancet Planetary Health. The analysis, led by a team of scientists, shows that pollution played a role in 9 million deaths globally in 2019. This influence on health is higher than malaria, tuberculosis, HIV, drugs or alcohol.

Though improvements were made in water pollution in recent years, a rise in air and chemical pollution means the death rate has been relatively unchanged since 2015.

Air pollution alone resulted in almost 75% of the reported deaths. “Air pollution is similar to smoking. It damages the lungs, preventing us from taking in oxygen we need for life,” said Dr. Martin, one of the scientists.

Another concern is the growing numbers in chemical and heavy metal pollution, especially lead poisoning. High amount of lead in the blood can cause problems with the heart, kidneys and brain. This type of pollution is a result of batteries and electronic waste, such as computers.

Some high-income countries have made some steps to fight against pollution. Many low-and middle-income countries are facing the effects, as most of the deaths reported happened in these countries. But experts say pollution doesn’t know borders—and pollution in one country can lead to health problems across the whole world.

The scientists who led the recent analysis hope the report will encourage actions from countries all over the world. Suggested methods for change include controlling pollution levels, spending more money on research, strengthening pollution control partnerships and highlighting this problem in the United Nations. Changing the use of fossil fuels—from coal, oil and gas—to clean, renewable energy sources is also highly suggested. In daily life, researchers call for people to control their carbon footprint, such as cutting meat consumption, avoiding waste, or walking or biking as a means of transport when possible.

1. What do we know about the deaths in 2019 from the study?

A．Water pollution did not result in any death.

B．Air pollution played a main part in the deaths.

C．People died mainly from diseases and alcohol.

D．The death rate has been lower since recent years.

2. What can we do to avoid lead poisoning?

A．Deal with electronic waste properly.

B．Take good care of the heart and kidneys.

C．Stop smoking and do more exercise.

D．Have a medical examination every year.

3. What does the underlined word “borders” mean in Paragraph 5?

A．Land types.	B．Different languages.
C．Dividing lines.	D．Food differences.

4. What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To talk about the harmful effects of pollution.

B．To introduce useful ways to deal with air pollution.

C．To discuss the relation between global deaths and pollution.

D．To advise people to work together to fight against pollution.

【推荐3】I want a new smartphone. Like many old phones, my phone is slowing down and its battery life is getting short. But I’m having difficulty pulling the trigger（做决定）. It’s not because I don’t have time to choose a phone. It’s not about the cost either. It’s the environment. The influence of a new phone on the environment is about the same as using the old one for ten years.

Making smartphones, computers and other tech products produces a lot of greenhouse gases. Also, it takes noble metals（贵金属）and rare earth metals（稀土金属）. If you’re reading this on your smart phone now, you’re holding about 0.034 grams of gold, 0.34 grams of silver, and smaller amounts of palladium, platinum, yttrium and terbium. These are tiny amounts, but we have to consider the need for smartphones around the world. In the first quarter of 2022, for example, the Apple Inc. produced about 60 million iPhones.

All of these metals have to be mined（开采）from inside the earth. Mining is harmful to the environment. Forests are cut down, the ground is dug deep, and water quality in the area drops greatly. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), mining has caused a big fall in the population of Grauer’s Gorillas（东非低地大猩猩）. Worse still, the mining industry of the DRC depends on child labor.

It’s almost impossible to live in the 21st century without harming the environment. I am guilty（内疚的）as well—I eat a lot of meat and fly a lot. But that doesn’t mean we should pay no attention to the results of our actions and stop trying to do something for our planet. I strongly advise you to think carefully about buying a new smartphone, no matter what advertisements try to tell you.

1. In the first quarter of 2022, about _________ was used to make iPhones.

A．2,040 kilos of silver

B．2,040 kilos of gold

C．204,000 kilos of silver

D．20,400 kilos of gold

2. What’s the third paragraph mainly about?

A．Disadvantages of mining for metals.	B．Bad influences of mining on the DRC.
C．Air and water pollution caused by mining.	D．Harmful influences of mining on animals.

3. Which is TRUE about the writer’s opinion?

A．People should eat a lot of meat.

B．People had better change a phone every two years.

C．People should take the plane as often as possible.

D．Buying a new phone is harmful to the environment.

4. What’s the purpose of the passage?

A．To encourage people to care about technology.

B．To show how smartphone production gets into trouble.

C．To introduce noble metals and rare earth metals in smartphones.

D．To ask people to think twice about changing smartphones.

5. Where is the passage taken from?

A．A science website.

B．A detective story.

C．A leaflet on phones.

D．A chemistry magazine.