1 . Social distancing is not a new concept in the natural world, where infectious diseases are commonplace. Through specialized senses animals can detect certain diseases and change their behavior to avoid getting ill.

In 1966, while studying chimps (猩猩) in a Tanzanian national park, zoologist Jane Goodall observed a chimp named McGregor who had caught a highly infectious virus. His fellow chimps attacked him and threw him out of the troop. In one instance, McGregor approached chimps in a tree. He reached out a hand in greeting, but the others moved away without a backward glance.

“For a full two minutes, old McGregor sat motionless, staring after them,” Goodall notes in her 1971 book In the Shadow of Man. “It’s really not that different to how some societies react today to such a tragedy.”

Not all animals are so aggressive toward their ailing neighbors. Sometimes it’s as simple as avoiding those who may infect you.

When Kiesecker, a lead scientist in America, studied American bullfrog in the late 1990s, he found that bullfrogs could not only detect a deadly smell of infection in other bullfrogs, but healthy members actively avoided those that were sick. Bullfrogs rely on chemicals signals to determine who is sick or not.

Caribbean lobsters also shun diseased members of their community, well before they become infectious. It takes about eight weeks for lobsters infected with the deadly virus Panulirus argus mininuceovirus to become dangerous to others. Normally social animals, lobsters begin keeping away from the diseased as early as four weeks after infection – once the lobsters can smell certain chemicals released by sick individuals.

Overall, it’s important to note that, unlike us, animals don’t realize if they stay home, they might actually reduce the infection rate,” Kiesecker explains. “As humans, we have that ability. It’s a big difference.”

1. What can we learn about the chimps from Goodall’s observation?

A．They kept a distance from one another.

B．They became aggressive when infected.

C．The infected avoided contact with others.

D．The infected were forced to leave the group.

2. What does the underlined word “shun” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A．Avoid.

B．Cure.

C．Get rid of.

D．Get along with.

3. How are humans different from animals according to Kiesecker?

A．Humans are more sensitive to virus.

B．Humans are less likely to get infected.

C．Humans treat infectious diseases in a wiser way.

D．Humans can detect chemical signals more quickly.

4. Which might be the best title for the text?

A．Help Me Out

B．Leave Me Alone

C．Stay Away From Us

D．Stay Home Stay Healthy

2 . Some people say global English is no longer just controlled by British or American English,but is running free and developing uniquely local forms.Can you figure out the following terms?

“I like your smile,but unlike you put your shoes on my face.”This is a way of saying“Keep off the grass.”Or“people mountain,people sea”,which means“very crowded”.

These examples are what we call Chinglish.When it comes to Chinglish,if all you know is“good good study,day day up”,you will be considered“out man”.

Nowadays,more Chinglish words have been created,for example,a Chinese idiom is translated as“smilence”,a combination by the English word smile and silence.

Chinglish usually offers a humorous look at misuses of the English language in Chinese street signs,products,and advertising.They are favoured by some English speaking tourists and visitors.Dominic Swire has been living in Beijing for a couple of years.“I think many Chinese people complain about the Chinglish and badly translated English.But you know,sometimes for us foreigners,it’s actually quite charming to see them.I think if the translations of English in China were all perfect,then something would be lost from Chinese culture.”

However,Chinglish will probably become a“cultural relic”in the near future.Beijing has made a comprehensive plan to improve foreign language services and correct Chinglish within five years.“It is very ridiculous to see Chinglish on the signs in some scenic spots.And they are a kind of barrier for communication between Chinese and people from other countries,”a Beijinger said.

Some Chinese university experts side with Chinglish.They argue that English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth,and now it’s Chinese’s turn.

1. What can we call Chinglish?

A．English words which get new Chinese meanings.

B．The Chinese words which are difficult to translate.

C．The words combining English vocabulary and Chinese grammar.

D．The local words preventing foreigners from learning Chinese well.

2. What does“smilence”most probably mean?

A．Saying nothing but to smile.	B．Smiling without being noticed.
C．Laughing at somebody.	D．Knowing little about speech.

3. What is Swire’s attitude to Chinglish?

A．It can show the humour of Chinese.	B．It will attract more foreign tourists.
C．It helps him to learn Chinese well.	D．It seems part of Chinese culture.

4. Why Chinglish is likely to become a“cultural relic”in Beijing?

A．Because it has become a unique bridge between Chinese and English.

B．Because Chinglish is a chance to enrich Chinese and English.

C．Because it improves the understanding between Chinese and foreigners.

D．Because Beijing is determined to get rid of Chinglish signs.

4 . A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen, commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer, actually increases the risk.

Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the associstion between sunscreen use and melanoms(黑素瘤). They said that they found flaws in studies that had reported associations between sunscreen use and higher risk of melanoma.

Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun, sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence (发生率) faster than any other cancer in the United States.

But questions have been raised about sunscreen and whether it may have the opposite effect, perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning.

The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles（雀斑）, for example—are more likely to use sunscreen. As a result, it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.

The studies, which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use, were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied, said the new study.

1. What is the meaning of the underlined word “flaws” in the 2^nd paragraph?

A．Evidences

B．Facts

C．Faults

D．Failures

2. Which of the following is true about people with fair skin and freckles?

A．They seldom use sunscreen.

B．They are more in danger of skin cancer.

C．They can be free from the harm of the sun.

D．They often expose themselves to the sun.

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Sunscreen users get skin cancer more often.

B．The volunteers have proved the effect of sunscreen.

C．The new study was based on the experiences of volunteers.

D．The number of skin cancer patients is increasing in America.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A．Sunscreen to Prevent Skin Cancer

B．Sunscreen to Increase Skin Cancer

C．Skin Cancer Caused by Sunscreen

D．Skin Cancer Caused by Freckles

5 . World’s loneliest marathon

Many of us know about Russia’s Lake Baikal from our textbooks, or by listening to Chinese singer Li Jian’s hit song, Lake Baikal. But over the past decade, the world’s deepest freshwater lake has been in the spotlight for an extreme sport.

Each March since 2005, about 150 people from around the world sign up for the     Baikal Ice Marathon. They come to explore the lake’s breathtaking beauty and challenge themselves in unpredictable conditions.

The 26-mile (41.84-kilometers) journey starts on the lake’s eastern shore. In March, the ice is a meter thick and iron-hard. Runners cross this frozen surface, finishing on the western side of the lake.

Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally clear waters. This means its ice is almost perfectly transparent. “Seen from above, a runner on the ice looks as if he or she is jogging through space,” The New York Times noted.

The landscape might be beautiful, but it’s also harsh. Strong winds blast across the lake and frostbite can occur within half an hour. Runners say the cold climate is what draws them. They want to test their limits.

“When you are in such an environment, you don’t have cars around you, you don’t have the noise around. I think these extreme races allow you to be alone with nature,” Alicja Barahona, a 64-year-old runner from the US, told ABC News.

The location offers some strange and unique characteristics for this marathon. The finish line is visible from the start, but the endless white offers no progress markers. The race also ends with little fanfare (喧闹). Tourists crowding the ice are mostly addicted to snapping selfies (自拍) and just ignore the runners.

For some runners, the absence of spectators (观众) makes the race more challenging, because it’s lonely. They must fight with themselves. “You are alone on Baikal. It is your race. You are alone with yourself. All you need to do is to defeat yourself,” Veronique Messina, a French runner, told the Telegraph.

1. What can we know about the Baikal Ice Marathon from the article?

A．It takes runners from the northern end to the southern end of the lake.

B．It involves extreme weather and beautiful scenery.

C．It attracts more and more participants each year.

D．It is about 26 kilometers in length.

2. In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “harsh” probably means _______.

A．interesting	B．mysterious
C．severe	D．safe

3. How does the Baikal Ice Marathon differ from other marathons?

A．Only men are allowed to run in this race.

B．The runners can see the finish line from the start.

C．The runners are often distracted by tourists.

D．There are many progress markers on the ice.

4. What is the most challenging part of the race for Messina?

A．Loneliness.	B．The long distance.
C．The cold climate.	D．Noisy surroundings.

6 . For most people, graduation is an exciting day the celebration of years of hard work. My graduation day... was not.

I remember that weekend two years ago. Family and friends had flown in from across the country to watch our class walk across that stage. But like everyone else in my graduating class, I had watched the economy turn from bad to worse. What I thought would take a week dragged into two. and then four, and 100 job applications later, I found myself in the exact same spot as 1 was before. And the due date to begin paying back my student loans was creeping ever closer.

You know that feeling when you wake up and you are just consumed with fear? Fear about something you can't control—that sense of approaching failure that remains over you as you hope that everything that happened to you thus far was just a bad dream? That feeling became a constant in my life. And the most frustrating part was no matter how much 1 tried, 1 just couldn't seem to make any progress.

So what did I do to maintain my sanity（理智）？ I wrote. Something about putting words on a page made everything seem a little clearer—a little brighter. Something about writing gave me hope. And if you want something badly enough... sometimes a little hope is all you need! So I channeled my frustration into a children's book. And then one day, without any sort of writing degree or contacts in the writing world — just a lol of hard work and perseverance—I was offered a publishing contract for my first book! After that, things slowly began to fall into place. 1 was offered a second book deal. Then, a few months later, I got an interview with The Walt Disney Company and was hired shortly after.

The moral of this story is... don't give up. Even if things look bleak now, don't give up. Things change If you work hard, give it time, and don't give up, things will always get better Oftentimes all we need is the courage to push beyond the river.

1. From Paragraph 2, we can learn that the author probably.

A．was having an exciting graduation

B．was getting into financial difficulties

C．missed the life in the university

D．had just applied for the student loans

2. How did the author change the frustrating situation?

A．By sending applications.	B．By offering contracts.
C．By keeping writing.	D．By publishing books.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "bleak" in the last paragraph?

A．unattractive	B．hopeless
C．thrilling	D．promising

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．Success belongs to the persevering.

B．A contented mind is a perpetual（长久的）feast.

C．A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner.

D．Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.

7 . Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.

The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.

There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.

While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.

1. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Debt

B．Reward

C．Allowance

D．Face value

8 . Slowly but surely, we’re moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay, Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U. S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.

“5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age,” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It’s pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施) construction. There’s lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed.

Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset haven’t yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace — smartphones.

Ericsson stated at February’s Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.

But don’t get too excited. There’s still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn’t concentrated only in big cities.

1. What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 1?

A．The lighting-fast speed of 5G.

B．The expectation of 5G world.

C．The difference between 4G and 5G.

D．The internet-connected devices in our life.

2. What does the underlined word “emblem” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Exhibition.	B．Success.
C．Symbol.	D．Explanation.

3. We can infer from the text that ________.

A．5G world won’t come without AR glasses

B．5G helps to create the artificial intelligence vehicle

C．Apple company is developing AR glasses worldwide

D．Tech companies will face the fact that smartphones may be replaced

4. What will the author probably tell us next?

A．How to fully expand 5G coverage.

B．Smart glasses will become faster and lighter.

C．Why 5G isn’t concentrated in big cities.

D．The importance of infrastructure construction.

9 . Honeybees can’t swim, and when their wings are wet, they can’t fly, either. But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water, they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land-like surfers who create and then ride their own waves.

As with many scientific advances-Isaac Newton’s apple or Benjamin Franklin’s lightning bolt-Dr. Roh’s experiment began with a walk. Passing Caltech’s Millikan Pond in 2016, he observed a bee on the water’s surface producing waves. He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself through water.

Dr. Roh and his co-worker, Morteza Gharib, used butterfly nets to collect local Pasadena honeybees and observed their surf-like movements. The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee’s bodily movement, allowing close examination of their wings. They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle, pulling up water and producing a forward force. Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air. But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down. It’s a tough exercise for the bees, which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.

The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn’t been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic insects use their legs for propulsion, which is known as water-walking. It may have evolved in bees, they-predicted.

Dr. Roh and Dr. Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees’ surfing. One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea. “This could be useful for search and rescues, or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean, if you can’t send a boat or helicopter,” Dr. Gharib said.

1. What does the author intend to show by mentioning Newton and Franklin?

A．Roh’s admiration for them.	B．Roh’s chance discovery about bees.
C．Their outstanding talent for science.	D．Their similar achievements in discovery.

2. What plays the most vital role in a bee’s moving forward on water?

A．The air weight.	B．Its leg extension.
C．The water movement.	D．Its continuous wingbeat.

3. What does the underlined word “propulsion” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Fast flight

B．Driving force.

C．Pulling speed.

D．Explosive power.

4. What does the text mainly tell us?

A．Honeybees can surf to safety.	B．Bees help scientists make inventions.
C．Insects can adapt to the environment.	D．Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.

10 . One in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings range of associated health risks, is high, at 50-75%.

The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.

The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments like a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.

Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.

It's an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program -working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think about food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.

One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It encourages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.

Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award, already, -serving around 1.7 million meals each day to over10.000 schools and it's a figure we'll see grow.

1. What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Tackling

B．Ignoring.

C．Maintaining.

D．Postponing.

2. Which approach will work for students to build balanced diet?

A．Stopping them eating alone in schools.

B．Getting them aware of the harm of fatness.

C．Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.

D．Increasing the availability and flavor of food.

3. What can we say about the Food for Life program?

A．It's a heavy load on schools.

B．It's complicated to operate.

C．It's a temporary project.

D．It's fruitful attempt.

4. Which type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote?

A．Sugary snacks.

B．First-class sausages.

C．High-quality imported beef.

D．Freshly picked organic beans.