1 . Wearing a protective suit, Jiang Aiqin waited for the arrival of the garbage trucks.
She was about to start her voluntary work: garbage classification. But once she’d been working for a while, the 17-year-old of Chongqing Nankai Middle School realized that sorting out garbage by hand is a torturous(折磨人的) and time-consuming process.
From the 2,000 replies to an online questionnaire she designed, Jiang found that only half of the residents were able to sort out their garbage and many blamed their difficulties on the poor classification system.
Jiang wondered what she could do to help out with the problem. It was her mother that gave her the hint: She suggested that Jiang introduce artificial intelligence(人工智能) into garbage classification.
Inspiration struck, leading her to design a new app.
When users come to the front of a bin, they describe the garbage on their smartphones and create a QR code sticker(二维码标签). Using a machine beside the dustbin, they scan the code, which then tells them the correct bin to use.
With the app, you can track(追踪) the progress of your trash. “It would save residents troubles and inform them about garbage classification,” said Jiang. “As the method spread from household to household, the efficient disposal of garbage in cities would be established.”
Although the teenager had a blueprint in mind, she didn’t know how to program an app. To this end, Jiang visited an environmental protection company for help. She told the company about her app idea, and as a result won recognition for her innovation(发明) from the company’s experts.
Finally, Jiang did a further duty as a citizen: She wrote to local government about her idea. Replying, the government told her that “The design is creative and workable” and that “a clean environment needs the help of citizens like you.”
1. All of the following contribute to the creation of the garbage sorting app EXCEPT _______.| A．Jiang Aiqin’s mother. | B．environmental experts |
| C．the government | D．Jiang Aiqin’s classmates |
| A．To make garbage classification efficient. |
| B．To earn her a large quantity of money. |
| C．To earn her much higher social status. |
| D．To monitor people for garbage classification. |
| A．come to the front of a bin |
| B．create a QR code sticker |
| C．use a smartphone to scan the code |
| D．describe garbage on their smartphone |
| A．Particular. | B．Determined. |
| C．Sensitive | D．Modest |
2 . The demand for proper waste disposal has become increasingly urgent. While powerful organizations and giant companies are to be held responsible for the majority of carbon emissions（排放）, we can still do our part in reducing our carbon footprints. And it can be done by simple segregation（分类） and proper garbage disposal. In the small city of Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte, an app called Hakoot is looking to solve this problem.
Hakoot was created by brothers Efren Jamolod Jr. and Jesrome Jamolod, both lovers of nature. They were first inspired to create the app because of a debate in a Facebook group in Dapitan city about garbage collection problems.
Efren states, "When we looked at it, we thought we can do something about this. So we started to put forward some solutions. We tried to validate（证实） this problem based on our research. It does not exist only in Dapitan. It is everywhere in the country, mostly in third world countries.
Efren explains, "We developed two applications. One for the garbage collectors, and one for the residents（居民）, where they can do real-time monitoring. The garbage collectors will do the garbage collection and they will be able to see the location and the type of garbage the residents will be disposing of. At the same time, the end-user will be able to monitor the garbage collectors' location, when it will arrive, and the distance from his location."
It is noted that it is still up to the individual to segregate. With the pressing issue of climate change, proper garbage disposal can greatly reduce our carbon footprints. Efren says, "It's a huge part of it. Garbage collection is a daily activity. Every day we consume. Therefore, more or less, we produce waste. If that's not handled properly, then there's no recycling, then we need to reproduce more products."
1. What caused the brothers to develop the app?| A．Their concern about garbage issues. | B．Their enthusiasm about inventions. |
| C．Their dislike of defeat in the debate. | D．Their confidence in their research. |
| A．Hakoot has proved to be quite efficient. | B．Efforts individuals make matter a lot. |
| C．People dispose of rubbish improperly. | D．Waste segregation is hard to accomplish. |
| A．The proper ways to collect and deal with garbage. |
| B．What we can do to contribute to waste disposal. |
| C．A scientific approach to recycling industry waste. |
| D．An app developed to help the disposal of garbage. |
3 . Sort trash, save Earth
You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策). People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon.
Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It’s because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our soil, air and water. Actually we can make use of some garbage again.
And first, we need to sort our garbage. For example, if you put an old battery into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment.
Can’t factories sort garbage for us? Yes, they can. But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money. If we all sort our own garbage, things will become much easier.
Garbage sorting and recycling around the world
• Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back. You can get one to two yuan per bottle. People like this because they can get money and protect the environment at the same time.
• Japan: A trash truck comes to people’s doors to pick up their garbage. It plays music when it’s coming. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door.
• Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles, five medium bottles or 10 plastic cups. But the bottles must be clean.
• Shanghai: Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai
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Recyclable garbage includes paper, books, boxes, newspapers, and glass bottles. | Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, nail polish (指甲油 ), and other things with harmful chemicals. | Wet garbage usually comes from the kitchen, such as food, vegetables, flowers, leaves and eggshells. | Dry garbage is anything you cannot put into the other three bins. It includes pens, toilet paper, tape, hair, and towels. |
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
| A．Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies. |
| B．Many people don’t like Shanghai’s garbage-sorting policy. |
| C．Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy. |
| D．China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy. |
| A．how to sort our garbage |
| B．the importance of sorting our garbage |
| C．what harmful waste is |
| D．the difficulty of sorting our garbage |
| A．Because we don’t have this kind of factory. |
| B．Because factories ask for too much money. |
| C．Because it takes too many workers to do it. |
| D．Because not all garbage can go to factories. |
| A．Germany. | B．Indonesia. | C．Japan. | D．China. |
4 . If the three Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle) is a guideline to save the planet, garbage-sorting is where the efforts start. Since May 1, Beijing has started to carry out mandatory garbage-sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment. Under the new regulation, residents are required to classify household waste into four categories: kitchen, recyclable, hazardous and other waste. People who fail to sort their garbage properly can be fined from 50 to 200 yuan, reported Xinhua.
Some residential communities in Beijing have introduced rewards to encourage residents to sort their garbage. According to Xinhua, residents can earn points by classifying their domestic waste correctly and then exchange the points they accumulate for daily necessities such as soap.
Garbage sorting practices have reached over 70 percent of housing estates in 18 cities, including Shanghai, Xiamen and Hangzhou, according to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Shanghai first enacted a mandatory garbage-sorting regulation in July 2019 and has had a 90 percent compliance (服从) rate among its housing estates.
According to a report by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage-sorting is important for the protection of the environment. However, garbage-sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are completely sorting their waste, the report noted. According to Xinhua, it’s partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. Also, some previous garbage regulations didn’t include fines for people who failed to obey them.
“It’s a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting,” Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University, told China Daily, “Aside from China, many countries like Germany, Spain and Britain, also ask people to sort waste into specific categories. In Japan, there is a fixed time for the sorting of each kind of garbage and littering.”
1. What can we learn about the new regulation in Beijing?| A．It hasn’t been put into use yet. |
| B．Residents can sort the garbage as they like. |
| C．People can get money if they classify their domestic waste correctly. |
| D．Those who can’t sort the garbage as the new rule requires shall be fined. |
| A．Most people are unaware of its importance in protecting environment. |
| B．Some people don’t want to take the trouble to sort the garbage. |
| C．Only residents in big cities can sort the trash correctly. |
| D．The government doesn’t have enough money to support garbage sorting. |
| A．It’s difficult to carry out garbage sorting in China. |
| B．Some laws in garbage-sorting are needed. |
| C．People in developed countries can better sort the garbage. |
| D．We should learn from Japan. |
| A．Garbage sorting, a new start in China | B．New regulations in Beijing |
| C．Argument on garbage sorting | D．How to sort domestic garbage |
Every day people throw away a lot of household garbage – paper, cans, kitchen waste, used batteries and glass
People in cities, like Beijing and Shanghai, are required to sort garbage into four categories - kitchen waste, dangerous waste,
6 . Recently, the most heated topic of “which is the right bin for my garbage” has swept China.
Shanghai is among China’ s first cities to introduce garbage classification (垃圾分类) and also the country’s most serious in its performing. Since July 1,2019, Shanghai residents have been required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines. Individuals, including tourists, can be fined 200 yuan for failing to sort their waste properly, while companies and institutions can be fined up to 50,000 yuan.
The government has set up online apps to handle sorting questions, and announced guidelines to address the “one-size-fits-all” method. The country is about to invest over 21 billion yuan in the construction of garbage processing facilities to meet demands. Now it’s introducing artificial intelligence into its waste management system, by setting up little cameras in many sets of bins.
However, not every face can be recognized by the smart dustbin until you register for the system. Once registration is complete, users will scan a QR code on the bin, which then opens it up to allow for garbage disposal (处理). Now, each household gets one special QR code for throwing out waste. Here, the intelligent bins don’t just calculate garbage weight, they also help residents gain rewards by collecting points through the special app.
China is stepping into the age of compulsory garbage sorting with its cities revising laws on garbage classification. For Shanghai, sixty percent of the city is expected to carry out garbage sorting by the end of 2019, and 90 percent by 2020. Garbage sorting is, without doubt, a costly but worthwhile endeavor. It is good for the environment and important for the country’s sustainable development (可持续发展), and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.
1. What is the correct order in using smart garbage sorting system?① Gain rewards.
② Open up the bin
③ Register for the system.
④ Scan a QR code on the bin.
| A．③④②① | B．④②③① |
| C．③①②④ | D．④③②① |
| A．Effort. | B．Fashion. |
| C．Announcement. | D．Decision. |
| A．The intelligent bins can only show garbage weight. |
| B．Residents have to sort garbage into four different categories in Shanghai. |
| C．If companies forget to sort their waste, they can be fined 200 yuan. |
| D．Tourists can avoid being fined for failing to sort their waste correctly. |
| A．To build a garbage sorting system. |
| B．To increase the use of artificial intelligence. |
| C．To promote sustainable development of environment. |
| D．To support the construction of garbage processing facilities. |
7 . If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a "lesson" in sorting garbage（垃圾分类）, as the city recently introduced new garbage-sorting regulations（条例）. It's now required that people should sort garbage into four categories, namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. However, if people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.
More cities are introducing similar regulations, following the practice in Shanghai. By the end of 2020, garbage-sorting systems will have been built in 46 major Chinese cities, including Beijing and Shenzhen, reported People's Daily.
According to a study by the Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy, under the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, over 90 percent of the public believe that garbage sorting is important for the protection of the environment. However, garbage sorting is still a big problem in China. Only 30 percent of participants said they think they are adequately（充分地）sorting their trash, the study noted.
According to Xinhua News Agency, it's partly because many people lack the willingness to sort their own waste. In the past, some previous garbage regulations didn't give clear fines for people who failed to sort garbage.
"It's a must to have a legal guarantee to promote garbage sorting." Liu Jianguo, a professor from Tsinghua University, told China Daily.
Liu Xinyu, a researcher of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, told China Daily that the importance of the new regulations in Shanghai is to change the past voluntary action into compulsory action for everyone.
Aside from China, many other foreign countries have also introduced garbage-sorting regulations. In Japan, waste sorting has become a basic survival skill. In Germany too, people are asked to sort waste into specific categories. For example, in Berlin, people have yellow bins（垃圾桶）for plastic and metals and blue bins for paper and cardboard.
1. What do we know about garbage sorting in Shanghai?| A．It sets an example for many other cities in China. |
| B．People should put their garbage into two categories. |
| C．People will be fined 200 yuan each time they break the regulations. |
| D．Shanghai is the only city to introduce garbage-sorting regulations in China. |
| A．Some people can properly sort their garbage. |
| B．Few people know the importance of garbage sorting. |
| C．People are not happy with the current garbage sorting regulations. |
| D．China's garbage-sorting problem is the most serious in the world. |
| A．Willing. | B．Motivated. |
| C．Selected. | D．Forced. |
| A．Why garbage sorting is important. |
| B．How other countries sort garbage. |
| C．Garbage sorting has started in China. |
| D．The world's garbage problem is becoming worse. |
If you live in Shanghai, you might have to take a lesson in sorting garbage
More cities are introducing similar regulations,
Apart from China, many other foreign countries also
1. 垃圾分类的意义
2. 在学校如何进行垃圾分类（如将可回收垃圾单独收集）
3. 希望大家积极参与
请你根据以上提示，增加细节，写一篇不少于100词的演讲稿。
注意：
1. 文章的开头已经给出
2. 参考词汇：垃圾分类rubbish classification
My fellow students:
I’m Li Jin, chairman of the Students’ Union.
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Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme
The service comes after
The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort
It’s obvious that this service is
