1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its     1     (survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround. It has become a popular destination     2     visitors can glimpse diverse animals and appreciate the beauty and significance of life.

The man behind     3     U-turn is Shen Zhijun, an animal welfare advocate. Last August, Shen took to the Internet     4     (publicize) his decade-long reform efforts—a comprehensive campaign transforming the conventional zoo into a conservation-focused sanctuary (保护区). During his 30-minute speech     5     (title) A Zoo’s Pursuit, Shen showcased the successful changes that he had performed.

After witnessing the helpless and hopeless expressions of the animals, Shen’s team set about making changes.     6     (initial), they removed animal shows, which traditionally serve as the financial backbone of zoos. Subsequently, they transformed the park’s landscape, cleverly using the     7     (exist) mountainous terrain of Hongshan to reproduce the natural habitats of animals in the wild. Plus, they introduced “multi-level villas” where animals belonging to the same ecological zone but not occupying the base of the food chain can     8     (house) together, based on their ecological and geographical distribution.

This zoo has emerged     9     the most animal-friendly zoo in China. Striking a balance between respecting animals’ dignity and providing visitors with enjoyable experiences is a challenging task,     10     Shen’s team has successfully achieved it.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

A skywell, or “tian jing” in Mandarin, is a typical feature of a traditional home in southern and eastern China.     1     (expose) less to the outdoor environment, a skywell is different from a northern Chinese courtyard. Skywells are     2     (relative) common in historic residences in large areas of southern and eastern China.

In today’s rapidly urbanising China, fewer and fewer people live in skywell dwellings,     3     a revival of interest in traditional Chinese architecture is leading some of historic buildings with skywells     4     (restore) for modern times. Meanwhile, some architects are drawing     5     (inspire) from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler, which is a method     6     (combine) design and technology to cool a building without the use of power.

However, there are some     7     (challenge) for bringing skywells into modern designs. The mechanisms of courtyards facilitating natural lighting, ventilation (通风) and rain collection are well known, but applying these principles     8     (need) to be site-specific. Because traditional skywells had different shapes, sizes and features, which were highly dependent     9     their natural surroundings. Adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to be sensitive to their project’s context and situation, making it difficult to apply them as     10     universal solution.

3 . It was in the midwinter, and a couple trudged(跋涉)along the roadway, seeking shelter. The father- to- be_________the roadside for a place where his_________companion might rest safely for the night. She labored along, her way made heavier by the new_________growing inside her. They needed a _________place safe from the bitter wind.

They were not man and wife, but_________a pair of beagles(比格犬).

That December night, Gus Kiebel was driving home when he_________ the pair. He parked the truck,_________the animals, and carefully placed them in his truck. Then he called the number from the dogs’ tags. A man answered and immediately grew_________.“I gave those dogs away. They’re not mine anymore.” Then he hung up. These beagles were_________.

Then Gus called his wife, Katie Kiebel.“Y ou cannot put them back in the snow,“ she said.“Bring them home.”Although Gus had__________owning beagles, keeping this pair was out of the question - they already had a dog.

The next day, they took the dogs to a no- kill shelter to drop them off, with one__________. “I’m not signing the dogs over to you if you’ re going to__________them,“ she said. The shelter workers__________they would keep the couple together.

In the days following, Katie phoned the shelter__________to check up on the beagles. Soon after Christmas, they were__________as a pair, by a loving family.

1.

A．left

B．searched

C．chose

D．changed

2.

A．struggling

B．serious

C．caring

D．adaptable

3.

A．fear

B．curiosity

C．idea

D．life

4.

A．warm

B．clean

C．spacious

D．remote

5.

A．anyway

B．also

C．rather

D．even

6.

A．caught

B．spotted

C．hit

D．recognized

7.

A．protected

B．trained

C．studied

D．approached

8.

A．calm

B．bored

C．defensive

D．shocked

9.

A．blamed

B．abandoned

C．forgotten

D．misunderstood

10.

A．dreamed of

B．believed in

C．objected to

D．worried about

11.

A．purpose

B．task

C．plan

D．request

12.

A．abuse

B．cage

C．separate

D．kill

13.

A．predicted

B．wished

C．promised

D．concluded

14.

A．repeatedly

B．nervously

C．casually

D．secretly

15.

A．cured

B．adopted

C．saved

D．released

4 . “I like pigs,” Winston Churchill supposedly once said. “Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us. Pigs treat us as equals.” Whether Churchill’s contemporary George Orwell also liked pigs is less clear. But he, too, surely saw something in them that was lacking in many domestic (驯养的) animals, for it was they who ended up running the show in his novel, Animal Farm. Pigs, then, are intelligent social creatures.

And, like all animals, they sometimes fight. Some pigs tend to be attackers; others tend to be victims. Who is what depends largely on weight. Among pigs, pounds mean power. The attacker might bite, kick or push the victim. Most conflicts end in seconds, but some last a minute or two.

In most animal species fights would be like that. However, many of the conflicts among pigs Dr Norscia, a biologist, observed had interested parties beyond the fighters. He therefore wanted to understand the role of these bystanders in solving conflicts—and what this says about pigs’ cognitive (认知的) abilities.

Since there was usually not enough time for a bystander pig to become involved in the heat of a conflict, though this did occur, Dr Norscia looked at what happened in the three minutes immediately following a fight. Sometimes, he found, the fighters reconciled with each other on their own. The more distantly related the fighters were, the more frequently this happened. Dr Norscia guessed that relations between close relatives are more secure to start with, so rebuilding friendly relations rapidly is less necessary for them.

On other occasions, however, a third pig stepped in. Sometimes this bystander interacted with the attacker, which reduced the number of attacks coming after. Sometimes, the bystander interacted with the victim. This appeared to calm the victim down, for it reduced anxiety-related behavior.

Social intelligence need not, though, be entirely selfless. Pigs are more likely to step in after a conflict if they are closely related to either the attacker or the victim. This is probably an example of kin selection (亲属选择), which favors the development of behavior.

1. Why are Churchill and Orwell mentioned at the beginning?

A．To show their preference for pigs.	B．To add some related backgrounds.
C．To introduce the topic of the text.	D．To present their attitude to animals.

2. What is special about pigs’ fights?

A．They aim to show power.	B．They have audiences.
C．They last a little bit longer.	D．They happen more often.

3. What does the underlined word “reconciled” probably mean in paragraph 4?

A．Caught up.

B．Kept in touch.

C．Made up.

D．Changed in tune.

4. Which of the following reflects pigs’ social intelligence?

A．Offering comfort to victim pigs.	B．Forming special bonds with strangers.
C．Sticking to their behavior.	D．Caring for others with selfless devotion.

5 . 4 Most walkable cities in Europe

Seville, Spain

Seville in Spain takes the top spot as Europe’s most walkable city, offering the shortest walking route between the top four tourist attractions.Visitors can explore the impressive Plaza de Espana public square, before wandering over to the UNESCO-listed palace of Real Alcazar and Seville Cathedral. After that, it’s only a short trip on foot to visit the beautiful Barrio Santa Cruz neighbourhood.

Venice, Italy

Venice is well-known as a heaven for pedestrians (行人), so it’s no surprise it ranks as the second best location for walkable city breaks. There are endless alleyways to explore, as well as plenty of beautiful bridges over the crisscrossing canals that the city is famous for. Just under half an hour of walking here will take you on a tour of the impressive Grand Canal, Doge’s Palace, St Mark’s Square, Basilica and bell tower, all in only 1.3 miles.

Porto, Portugal

Nestled along Portugal’s picturesque coast, Porto comes in third with its top attractions all covered by a 30-minute walking route. Meander along the Dom Luís I Bridge over the Douro River, head to the Clérigos Church Bell Tower and enjoy a riverfront walking place along the Cais da Ribeira. The Stock Exchange Palace is also just a short walk away.

Florence, Italy

Florence, Italy, secures its place as the fourth most walkable city in Europe thanks to its stunning attractions that can be seamlessly explored on foot. A 1.6 mile route covers the awe-inspiring Piazzale Michelangelo; the famous Uffizi Gallery; the Piazza del Duomo where you will be amazed at the magnificent Florence Cathedral; and the Galleria dell’Accademia, home to Michelangelo’s masterpiece, the statue of David.

1. How long is probably the walking route in Seville?

A．1.1 miles.

B．1.3 meters.

C．1.6 meters.

D．1.8 meters.

2. Which city is probably located near the sea?

A．Seville.

B．Venice.

C．Porto.

D．Florence.

3. What is the writing purpose of the text?

A．To compare the four cities.

B．To show the benefits of walking.

C．To stress the importance of traveling.

D．To attract visitors to walk in these cities.

6 . Green Is Good

Planting and growing things offers a lot more than fresh vegetables and flowers. Working in a nice outdoor space can help you stay refreshed, promote your creativity and enrich your leisure activities.     1    . There are more advantages.

Providing a fun workout

It’s wonderful to get out in the garden on a beautiful day to give it a tidy. Planting seeds, pulling up weeds, moving pots, pushing a lawnmower, and other gardening tasks actually provide a whole-body, moderate-intensity workout for people, especially for adults.     2    , which might keep you in motion longer than traditional exercise.

    3    

Having dirt under your fingernails may be a sign of poor hygiene. but scientists say it could also be a mark of good health. Thanks to beneficial bacteria found in soil, gardening may boost your immune system, helping you get sick less and fight off infections easier.

Nourishing your spirit

    4    . According to an experiment conducted by NASA, scientists found that planting and nurturing seeds, even in small pots, lifted astronauts’ moods and eased their stress in the severe environment of outer space. And if gardening can do that for astronauts, it should be more than good enough for those of us who watch them on TV.

Increasing coordination and strength

Hand and finger strength, flexibility and coordination are essential for everyday tasks like opening jars, carrying packages and picking up children.     5    . Therefore, make good use of gardening as an ideal approach to enhancing your coordination and strength.

A．Sharpening your mind

B．And that’s just for starters

C．Improving your immune system

D．Even better, whatever your age, it is a beneficial activity

E．Working with plants provides stress relief and positive sensory stimulation

F．The benefits come from a combination of physical exercise and the stress reduction

G．Gardening is a great way to improve and maintain those fine motor skills and muscles

7 . Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.     1     It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.

    2     The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.

In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use.     3     Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them.     4    

Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.    5     With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.

A．Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.

B．Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.

C．It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.

D．Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.

E．It will affect China’s transformation towards green development.

F．Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.

G．The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.

8 . An ancient Latin proverb says “Aquila non capit muscas” —cagles don’t hunt flies—meaning that important ones shouldn’t concern themselves with small, insignificant matters.But the lions in East Africa should concern themselves with the seemingly insignificant ants, because these ants are changing their lifestyles.

The story starts with the acacia trees(金合欢树)in an African wildlife area in central KenyaSome of these acacia trees provide food and shelter for specific ant species, which in turn defend the tree against herbivores(食草动物).The ants are actively attacking and driving away herbivores that attempt to feed on the tree’s leavesThis is highly effective; the ants not only physically harm the herbivores but also release chemicals that can deter other potential attackers.

But these ants are in trouble.Another species called the “big-headed” ant is destroying entire groups of tree-protecting ants.This, in turn, sets off an entire chain of events that ends up influencing when and how lions can hunt.

This ant invasion(入侵)affects one thing after the other.It leaves the acacia trees defenseless against herbivores especially elephants.The elephants come in and eat the acacias at five to seven times the rate observed in uninvaded areas.The lions, while hunting for food, have no more trees to use for hiding.This reduced tree cover makes lions less successful at hunting and pushes them to find different areas to hunt in．

“These tiny invaders are pulling on the ties that put an African ecosystem together, determining who is eaten andwhere,” said Todd Palmer, an ecologist from Florida.

The lions, which are already endangered, are managing to cope with this by no longer focusing their attention on zebras.The zebras, of course, can see them much better on the approach given the lack of cover.Instead, they are targeting water buffalo.But this also isn’t the end of the story.Who knows what the lions’ changing strategy will mean for the ecosystem down the line?

1. What does the underlined word “deter” in paragraph 2mean?

A．Direct.

B．Discourage.

C．Identify.

D．Seek.

2. What role do the elephants play in the chain reaction?

A．Cooperating with “big-headed” ants.	B．Damaging the hiding place for lions.
C．Protecting the acacias from herbivores.	D．Starting off the disturbance of the chain.

3. The author mentions lions, zebras and water buffalo to show that ______.

A．animals fall victim to bigger ones	B．the ecology is on the road to recovery
C．animals are corelated in the ecosystem	D．species are firmly positioned in the food chain

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．What ecologists find about animals.	B．Why African lions are endangered.
C．How tiny ants affect the way lions hunt.	D．How the law of the jungle works in Africa.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Every Lunar New Year, China introduces a zodiac(生肖) sign from a cycle of 12 lucky animals. This year, it’s the Year of the Dragon, or more     1     (accurate), ”the Year of the Loong”. Then what’s the difference?

The Western     2     (describe) of dragons as “fire-breathing winged creatures” was inspired by literature such as Beowulf - the Old English epic about a Scandinavian hero     3    contribution was killing monsters, including a dragon. Greek fairy tales also presented dragons    4    violent sea monsters or guards of valuable     5     (possession). By contrast, “loong”, a word    6     (create) in the 19th century, reminds people of strength and fortune, and should    7     (distinguish) from its Western cousin. In Shiji,     8    2, 000-year-old Chinese history book, the emperor’s mother dreamed of a dragon lying on her body,     9     (predict) the birth of a future emperor. Exactly for this reason, Chinese people proudly claim they are “descendants of the Loong” .

Therefore, some culture experts have been calling for a switch to ”loong”     10     (tell) the Chinese dragon from the frightening monsters of Western tales. The call is also in line with the push for cultural confidence to choose the preferred translation of the Mandarin word for a creature long respected in Chinese culture.

10 . Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers.     1    

In some cities, the air is filled with pollution.     2     If it is not cleaned up, more people will be hurt.     3     Land and water pollution kills many animals every year.

If we do not act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.

    4     We should separate rubbish into different groups. In this way, it can be recycled and reused. We had better plant more trees.     5     What’s more, we shouldn’t put the waste into lakes or rivers.

If we can do these, we will make the world a better place to live in.

A．This makes some old people and children ill.

B．As well as people, animals are also harmed by pollution.

C．We can make our lakes and rivers cleaner and cleaner.

D．It’s time for all of us to take action right away!

E．Because of this, these places have already been polluted.

F．Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean.

G．A few of us should take action to protect the environment.