1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式

In October 2021, China announced the opening of its Giant Panda National Park. Giant pandas are no longer classified as     1     endangered species but are still vulnerable (脆弱的), so conservationists are still working     2     (boost) their population numbers. By protecting pandas, the park also benefits another 8.000 animal and plant species living in the same ecosystem.

One creature     3     shares the same habit al with the giant panda is the red panda. While less famous than the giant panda, the red panda is just as cute—and     4     (unfortunate), endangered. Habitat loss caused by human activity     5     climate change is a major threat. While exact population numbers are unknown, researchers estimate that red pandas     6     (decline) by 50% in the last 18 years.

Another endangered animal living here is the clouded leopard (豹).     7     (large) than a house cat, clouded leopards are named for their irregular, cloud-like     8     (spot). The clouded leopard isn’t the only cat moving around the Giant Panda National Park. The snow leopard also shares the territory, although it’s rarely seen,     9     (make) it difficult for researchers to assess its population numbers. Snow leopards     10     (list) as vulnerable due to the increasing threats to their natural habitat.

2 . Bees are responsible for one in every three bites of food: from almonds (杏仁) to berries and the alfalfa (苜蓿) that feeds dairy cows. Our diets and agricultural economy hinge on a healthy bee population.

However, rapid declines in bee population around the world put additional stress on an already unstable food supply by depressing yields and agricultural efficiency. While bee biologists do not foresee upcoming food system collapse without honey bees, we do know that agriculture would quickly become unrecognizable—and much more limited.

Farmers are on the frontlines of the economic impacts of bee decline. For example, the cost of almond pollination (授粉) has nearly tripled since colonies began collapsing in 2004, costing that industry over $83 million per year.

The causes behind recent bee declines are not a “mystery”. Independent scientists now largely agree that bee declines are caused by a combination of several factors, including: poor nutrition, habitat loss and pesticide (杀虫剂) exposure.

In the last several years, pesticides — both alone and in combination with other pesticides — have emerged as a key catalyst (催化剂) behind this disturbing phenomenon, both because of their direct toxicity to bees and their indirect and cascading effects.

Scientists know that individual bees can be acutely poisoned while flying through pesticide-contaminated planter dust in a recently planted corn field. More commonly, they are chronically poisoned at sublethal (亚致死) levels by eating and drinking contaminated pollen, nectar and water over time. Bees are then more likely to get sick.

As an indicator species, honey bees are sounding an alarm that we ignore at our peril. Among their lessons: industrial agriculture has gone off the rails. The pesticide treadmill has kicked into high gear with a class of dangerous systemic pesticides—while regulators were asleep at the switch. So let’s keep the heat on decision makers to take meaningful action.

1. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Cut down.

B．Contribute to.

C．Depend on.

D．Go against.

2. What is the topic discussed in paragraph 2 — 3?

A．The impact of rapid declines in bee population.	B．The role of farmers in agriculture.
C．The ignorance of the effect on food system.	D．The cost of almond pollination.

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 4 as the factor for bee declines?

A．Poor in nutrition.	B．Economic impacts.
C．Loss of habitat.	D．Exposure to pesticides.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To express sympathy for the affected farmers.	B．To show the factors resulting in the bees’ crisis.
C．To explain a key catalyst to the bees’ problem.	D．To urge decision makers to take action for bees.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Venice of Italy is one of the world's top tourist     1     (destination). Before the COVID-19, around 20 million visitors visited the city a year, which caused many problems such as pollution from ships and being overcrowded.    2     (deal) with these problems, city officials are planning to charge tourists for visiting the city's historical centre and its beautiful canals (运河). According to Italian La Stampa newspaper, visitors may spend between 3 euros and 10 euros     3     (enter) into Venice. This probably starts from     4     summer of 2022. There are also plans to set a limit on the number of visitors     5     can enter the centre each day.     6     may be necessary for tourists to book their visit to Venice ahead of time.

Venice officials     7     (talk) for many years about the number of visitors crowding to the city. Environmentalists are     8     (extreme) worried about the damage the ships do to undersea species in the Venice Lagoon. Venice's famous squares and architecture are also ad-vised to put under the     9     (protect). Italian Culture Minister says that Venice should     10     (add) to the list of Danger Sites of United Nations' culture agency. However, a hotel worker says Venice needs tourists because they spend big.

4 . Even if you live a green lifestyle at home，it's possible to ignore that travels may be harmful to the environment. Here are some steps you can take to reduce the harm that comes from traveling.

    1    If you can reach a destination by train，choose one. It's a great way to see a destination and has a less environmental impact than flying. Use local public transport and travel on foot or by bike to explore smaller areas.

    2     Where you choose to sleep at night plays a key role in being a green traveler. If you are going to the mountains or into the countryside，look for an eco–friendly place to stay. Even during city travel，you can find environmentally friendly hotels.

Make clear the environmental challenges. Every country has environmental challenges to deal with. For some，it is plastic bags，for others the amount of energy used on air conditioning or heating. Make sure you know them and act responsibly. Use water wisely，for example，when you are in dry countries.

    3     Don't forget your green habits just because you are on holiday. Keep clean and save energy just like at home. Bring a couple of containers to pack and try your best to avoid any one–off packaging.

A．Be as green as you are at home.

B．Find eco–friendly accommodation.

C．Eat locally grown foods as much as possible.

D．Choose a green means of transportation.