1 . Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and sadnesses. We aren't alone. Many different animals also make friends.
Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool. Other factors, like family closeness or sex, have no impact on this relationship. It suggests that dolphins form social bonds based on shared interests.
Apart from dolphins, elephants and horses are also known to form friendships. Are friendships only limited to the same species?
Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015,Timur, a goat, was left in the enclosure（围场） of a tiger, Amur, as a meal. But instead of eating Timur, Amur liked to play with him and got angry when others were close to his friend. That's because in captivity(圈养）, animals don't need to spend much time and energy marking their land or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored.
More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships. Take bats for example. In 2011, scientists found bats often hang out with a few particular friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group. Humans are different. "We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time," Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. "But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long-term despite our often highly dynamic（充满活力的）social lives."
1. What do dolphins pay more attention to when making friends?| A．The same interests. | B．Family closeness. |
| C．Hunting behavior. | D．The special sounds. |
| A．Amur wants to show Timur his land. |
| B．Amur longs for animals to play with him. |
| C．Amur has more friends than other tigers. |
| D．Amur pretends to be friendly to eat Timur. |
| A．Bats usually play with certain friends. |
| B．Humans keep their friendship longer. |
| C．Bats like to live together with friends. |
| D．Humans make friends in social activities. |
| A．By listing data. | B．By taking examples. |
| C．By asking questions. | D．By giving advice. |
2 . Rather than continue living a comfortable urban life, this British family has sold their London home in favor of launching the world's smallest nature reserve to save a nation's coral reef system. Karolina and Barry Seath— along with their two young daughters—are preparing to move to an island in the Seychelles（非洲塞舌尔群岛） measuring just 1,300 feet long by 980 feet wide（400 by 300 meters）.
They've launched a charity and teamed up with（与.....合作）local biologists in an effort to bring the coral reefs back to life in the smallest African country, which have been almost wiped out by rising sea temperatures. Their land-based coral farm will be only the second of its kind in the world, the other being on Australia's Great Barrier Reef, to specialize in regrowing coral to restore the reefs.
47-year-old Barry, who is a former policeman, said, “We are just a normal husband, wife and two kids, living the sort of life that most others do, but we felt the need to make a positive change for ourselves, our children, and the world we had largely taken for granted.”
Over the course of several vacations to the Seychelles, the Seaths witnessed the gradual deterioration（恶化） of the reefs. "Every time we visited, we noticed the coral was getting worse and worse," said Barry. "All the tourists say the same thing. They love the beaches but are really disappointed with the coral. "
Barry felt it was time to make a change and show his daughters an alternative way of eco-friendly living. He then teamed up with experts at the Marine Conservation Society Seychelles in order to develop the facility. Once it is complete, it will be the first large-scale, land-based coral farm in the Indian Ocean. The eco-warriors hope to use the facility to grow around 10,000 corals per year. Barry said, "Our long-term goal is to show everyone that—with just a relatively small investment—you can have a big positive influence on the marine （海的） environment."
1. Why have Karolina and Barry Seath sold their house?| A．They need to collect enough money to set up a charity. |
| B．They will move to an island in the Seychelles to save coral. |
| C．They think suburban life near the sea will be more comfortable. |
| D．They want to have a sea farm to grow coral for their daughters. |
| A．They often take other people's deeds for granted. |
| B．They have visited the Seychelles only once. |
| C．There are altogether six family members. |
| D．Barry Seath used to be a policeman. |
| A．It will be 1,300 meters long and 980 meters wide. |
| B．It will be the first of its kind in the Indian Ocean. |
| C．It will focus on fighting with rising sea temperatures. |
| D．It will be larger than the one on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. |
| A．To show everyone they can make a difference to the sea environment. |
| B．To make sure no one is disappointed with the coral in the Seychelles. |
| C．To try to grow around 10,000 corals per year on their coral farm. |
| D．To show his daughters a better life of eco-friendly living. |
In relief Daisy
4 . The Smilodon and the Tiger
The smilodon (剑齿虎) died out probably about ten thousand years ago.
Tigers are not
Another main difference between today’s tiger and the smilodon is the size of the smilodon’s
The smilodon lived in North and South America from about two million years ago until about ten thousand years ago. Tigers,
| A．Although | B．As | C．If | D．Or |
| A．close | B．beloved | C．young | D．healthy |
| A．watch | B．study | C．catch | D．save |
| A．fun | B．problems | C．danger | D．differences |
| A．cute | B．small | C．sociable | D．normal |
| A．arrived | B．lived | C．learned | D．waited |
| A．killing | B．sharing | C．hunting | D．frightening |
| A．older | B．thicker | C．brighter | D．shorter |
| A．low | B．top | C．similar | D．reduced |
| A．hiding | B．escaping | C．returning | D．practicing |
| A．follow | B．test | C．locate | D．surprise |
| A．tail | B．ears | C．teeth | D．head |
| A．except for | B．because of | C．instead of | D．along with |
| A．broken | B．replaced | C．found | D．cleaned |
| A．good | B．dirty | C．warm | D．soft |
| A．whiter | B．prettier | C．stronger | D．wider |
| A．at first | B．of course | C．as a result | D．at last |
| A．stopped | B．changed | C．developed | D．disappeared |
| A．dying out | B．coming back | C．running off | D．moving around |
| A．train | B．feed | C．protect | D．visit |
5 . On an autumn afternoon, a remote sheep farm in southern Greenland is quiet. The silence is abruptly broken when dozens of sheep come thundering across the hills overlooking the farm. Walking after them are Lars Nielsen and his 37-year-old son Kunuk Nielsen.
The Nielsen family has owned and run the farm since 1972. Kunuk says the summers now are longer than when he was a child and that drought has become a problem. The fields are not so green as those in the old days. He has to buy hay (草料) from European countries.
The effects of a warming climate are obvious on the land. While he intends to struggle on, his older brother Pilu has chosen a different path.
Pilu, 40, lives in Qaqortoq in the south of Greenland -- a town of about 3,000 people. Ten years ago, he got his helicopter pilot's license and is now part owner of a small company called Sermeq Helicopters. It caters to construction and telecommunication workers and an increasing number of foreign tourists.
Pilu says he loves his family's sheep farm. But he saw that warming temperatures were making remote areas of Greenland more accessible and wanted to look for other opportunities. His company's most popular tours include a visit to Greenland's glaciers.
The warming temperatures are also affecting traditional ways of life, particularly hunting. The sea ice is changing; it's becoming less so that hunting on ice becomes more difficult. When there's no sea ice, it's difficult to use dog sledges (雪橇)，and the whole culture around having dogs and dog sledges and doing traditional hunting on the ice is sort of diminishing.
Besides, many Greenlanders, like Pilu, are leaving the countryside for towns and the capital city Nuuk, where opportunities are greater. A report found that Nuuk's share of Greenland's population grew from 17.2% in 1977 to 29.2% in 2014. If there were enough houses in Nuuk, the share would even be bigger.
1. What problem does Kunuk Nielsen's farm face?| A．Lack of workers. | B．Less food for his sheep. |
| C．Less space forhissheep. | D．Lack of foreign markets. |
| A．By casting a shadow on its business. |
| B．By making it hard for locals to earn a living. |
| C．By promoting the development of its tourism. |
| D．By making more remote areas suitable for living. |
| A．Occurring. | B．Operating. |
| C．Adapting. | D．Decreasing |
| A．Housing pressure. | B．Climate change. |
| C．Weakeconomy. | D．Poor living conditions. |
6 . The great avenues are quiet, and the shops are closed. There’s the smell of fresh bread from a bakery somewhere. It would be hard to say which time of the day in Paris I prefer but this is probably it. Soon the streets will be full of people and traffic. As with most other cities, you see the real Paris when the city wakes up.
There is, however, another part of Paris which is silent and free from people 24 hours a day. Under the city are hundreds of kilometers of abandoned tunnels. During the 19th century, Paris needed more stones for buildings above the ground, so people dug tunnels beneath the city. After that, many farmers grew mushrooms in them. During World War II, the French soldiers also used them. Since the 1970s, many young people have started spending days and nights below the city in these tunnels. It’s now a place for parties, theatre performances, art galleries – anything goes!A “normal” tourist can visit some parts of Paris’s tunnel system, such as the underground cemetery, where you can see the bones of about six million Parisians. The bodies came from cemeteries above the ground two centuries ago when the city needed more space.
However, people are not allowed to enter other parts of the tunnel system. It’s very dangerous because some tunnels might collapse and people will be trapped below. Nevertheless, there are people who will take you to visit them. I have found two “unofficial” tour guides who take me through many tunnels. After a couple of hours we arrive at a room which isn’t on any map. The room is comfortable and clean with a table and chairs and a bed. The guide tells me there are many other places like this. “Many people come down here to party, some people to paint.... We do what we want here.”
1. What is the writer’s favourite time of the day in Paris?| A．Early morning. | B．Midday. |
| C．Early evening. | D．Late night. |
| A．For many housing. | B．For building stones. |
| C．For entertainment. | D．For growing mushrooms. |
| A．disappear | B．close | C．fall down | D．blow up |
| A．Tunnels under Paris | B．Travel around Paris |
| C．The history of Paris | D．The best-known tourist attraction in Paris |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When my mom drove me home yesterday afternoon, I saw little cat standing on the middle of the road. It seemed very hungry and it was also in great dangers because there were many cars, buses and trucks running on the road. I felt very sadly and I asked my mother that I could bring it home. Although she was afraid of that the cat was dirty, she agreed. However, when I got out, the poor little animal were not there. I was told that it had taken home by the warm-hearted person already. I breathe a sigh of relief. Animals are our good friends and we should care much about it.
8 . Different things usually stand for different feelings.Red，for example，is the color of fire，heat，blood and life.People say red is an exciting and active color.They associate red with a strong feeling like
In general，people
| A．sadness | B．anger | C．.administration | D．smile |
| A．roads | B．ways | C．danger | D．places |
| A．land | B．leaves | C．grass | D．mountains |
| A．lively | B．dark | C．noisy | D．frightening |
| A．moonlight | B．light | C．sunlight | D．stars |
| A．summer | B．spring | C．autumn | D．winter |
| A．speak | B．say | C．talk about | D．tell |
| A．green | B．yellow | C．white | D．gray |
| A．calm | B．sleepy | C．active | D．helpful |
| A．the other | B．another. | C．other one | D．others |
| A．black | B．red | C．golden | D．yellow |
| A．go round | B．go by | C．go off | D．go along |
| A．one | B．way | C．fact | D．matter |
| A．factory | B．classroom | C．restaurant | D．hospital |
| A．Different | B．Cool | C．Warm | D．All |
9 . The Four Famous Embroideries (刺绣) of China refer to the Xiang embroidery in Hunan Province, Shu embroidery in Sichuan Province, Yue embroidery in Guangdong Province and Su embroidery in Jiangsu Province.
Xiang embroidery
The earliest piece of Xiang embroidery was unearthed at the No. 1 Tomb of Mawangdui, Changsha City of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. —A.D. 220). The weaving technique was almost the same as the one used in modern times, which shows that embroidery had already existed in the Han Dynasty. In its later development, it absorbs the characteristics of traditional Chinese paintings and reaches a high artistic level. Xiang embroidery crafts include valuable works of art, as well as products for daily use.
Shu embroidery
Shu embroidery has formed its own unique characteristics: smooth, bright, neat, etc. The works choose flowers, animals, mountains, rivers and human figures as their themes. The craftsmanship of Shu embroidery involves a combination of fine art and practical uses, such as the facings of quilts, pillowcases, coats and screen covers.
Yue embroidery
Influenced by national folk art, Yue embroidered pictures are mainly of dragons and phoenixes (凤凰), and flowers and birds, with neat designs and strong, contrasting colors.
Gold-and-silk thread embroidery is widely used, even for crafts of daily use.
Su embroidery
The weaving techniques of Su embroidery are characterized by the flat surface, dense lines, even pictures and harmonious colors. Su embroidery products fall into 3 major categories: costumes, decorations for halls and crafts for daily use. Double-sided embroidery is an excellent representative of Su embroidery.
1. The unearthed embroidery at Mawangdui shows Xiang embroidery’s _______.| A．time-honoured history | B．excellent designs |
| C．artistic value | D．advanced techniques |
| A．Xiang embroidery | B．Shu embroidery |
| C．Yue embroidery | D．Su embroidery |
| A．All are rooted in folk art. | B．All are valuable artworks. |
| C．All share the same themes. | D．All have practical use. |
10 . Great Activities for Nature Lovers
Hiking
One of the easiest and most accessible ways to get close to nature is by setting out on a good old fashioned hike. Hiking generally doesn't require any fancy equipment or special skills, just a piece of map and a thirst for adventure. This activity can be as relaxing as you make it.
Backcountry Camping
Why limit yourself to just a day hike when you can have a full weekend for a longer adventure? Backcountry camping involves packing your tent，sleeping gear ,food, and water on your back to set up camp in a remote location. I you’re an experienced hiker and camper ,this is an excellent way to test your survival skills and explore the wilderness.
Mountain and Road Biking
Unlike long hikes through the woods , biking allows you to cover more ground and travel farther in nature. Mountain biking typically involves riding up and down steep slopes , between trees , and over rocks. If this sounds too intense or your tires aren't suited for rugged terrain( 地形) , consider taking a road bike on paved trails through forest preserves or along country roads.
Gardening
Contrary to popular belief, you don't have to travel beyond your own backyard to experience the beauty of nature every day. If your personality is less adventurous or your mobility restricted, consider planting a garden to grow your own vegetables , fruit , herbs，or flowers. There's something truly satisfying about mixing up a salad with fresh ingredients you grow yourself. One of the best parts about spending time in gardening is that it doesn't have to break your budget and anyone can do it.
1. W hat do hikers need for hiking?| A．Practical skills. | B．Necessary equipment. |
| C．A useful map. | D．A relaxed mood. |
| A．You don't need to go far to enjoy the beauty of nature. |
| B．It gives you a sense of satisfaction when cooking with fresh ingredients. |
| C．It doesn't take any energy or money to do it. |
| D．I’s easy to start it for anyone who likes it. |
| A．Hiking. | B．Backcountry Camping. |
| C．Mountain and Road Biking. | D．Gardening. |
