1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Where might be the two speakers?

A．At home.

B．At school.

C．In a store.

2. Why is the woman worried?

A．She lost her umbrella.

B．Her new sweater is ruined.

C．The weather is out of her expectation.

3. What is the man’s super idea?

A．Wearing only old sweaters.

B．Checking the weather report.

C．Carrying an umbrella every day.

4. What is the man going to do next?

A．Send the girl to her home.

B．Borrow the girl his umbrella.

C．Accompany the girl to the store.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“I’m old in age, but young in mind. The zoo is my lifetime’s happiness.” Despite     1     (variety) difficulties, for 33 years,     2     82-year-old Chinese man called LuoYingjiu has been running by himself a small zoo in Enshi, Hubei province.

At the one-man Fenghuang Mountain Zoo, Luo serves     3     director, cleaner, breeder, vet and conductor. Most of the animals of the zoo are old and weak, many of     4     were saved by Luo. The zoo’s lion, tiger and python passed away years ago,     5     (leave) only a bear, some peacocks, a troop of monkeys,     6     about 20 dogs.

A ticket only costs 10 yuan ( $1.5) per person, and it’s free for children. But the zoo’s appeal to locals is fading. Since the outbreak of the pandemic, the number of visitors     7     (drop) to just several people a day.

While the world changes     8    (gradual), the zoo remains much the same, and so does Luo’s love for the animals. “Many people tell me to rest at this old age, but my wish is     9     (maintain) the zoo with all my heart until my last day. Since I’ve shouldered the     10     (responsible), I shall never quit halfway,” says the former soldier in the local dialect.

3 . Over the centuries, London’s River Thames is home to 180 of these“aits” —an ancient word meaning “small island”.

Eel Pie Island

Most famous of all of these aits is car-free, as is Eel Pie Island, which got its name from a dish on the menu of a 19th century island hotel. The island’s fame was promoted in the “swinging sixties” when, the bands—all great names of the day including Pink Floyd, The Rolling Stones —played there. A 17-year-old youth, Davy Jones, also went along well with the Eel Pie Island crowd. And everyone came to know him better as David Bowie later.

Monkey Island

Monkey Island was an ait for the royal (王室的) family. Princess Margaret and her friends held a big party in the 1960s. Writers including HG wells tended to visit this island too. It is not absolutely certain but generally believed that Monkey Island’s name came from the Old English “Monks Eyot (ait)”, because the first recorded settlers were Augustinian monks (僧侣).

Tagg’s Island

Another royal ait, Tagg’s Island, changed its name in 1872 when Thomas Tagg built the island’s Thames Hotel. The island was also a busy parking site for houseboats. Among those who rented one was the author of Peter Pan, Scotsman JM Barrie. However, it was none of those celebrities (名人) who promoted Tagg’s Island popularity, but the theater manager Frederick Westcott, who discovered Charlie Chaplin.

Oliver’s Island

Masses of birds call this island home, everything from Canadian geese to cormorants and herons. There’s an unsolved puzzle connected to Oliver’s Island. The story goes that a secret tunnel leads from the island to the Bull’s Head pub in Chiswick as an escape route. Maybe it’s true, though plenty have tried to find it without success. Ah, and the island’s name? That’s down to Oliver Cromwell, the great England leader, who supposedly took refuge (难民) there.

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1. What do we know about Eel Pie Island?

A．It can be reached by car.

B．The “Swinging sixties” raised its fame.

C．Its popularity came from its name.

D．David Bowie became famous there.

2. Which ait best suits people who enjoy wild life?

A．Eel Pie Island.	B．Monkey Island.
C．Tagg’s Island.	D．Oliver’s Island.

3. Where is the passage probably taken from?

A．A textbook.	B．A website.
C．A news report.	D．A brochure.

4 . Young students can, and do, make a big difference. As an educator, you have the opportunity to spark (触发) a passion in students that will drive them to do their part to take care of the Earth. Here are activities you could add to your lesson plans to inspire your students on Earth Day:

Make signs for school and at home

Sometimes we just need a little reminder to help us change our habits. Have students think about what they can do at school and at home to help the environment and how they can encourage others to change their habits.

Make a video or presentation urging others to take action

Students can make a bigger impact if they influence others to do their part to protect the environment. Putting together a video or presentation also helps them internalize the material itself — they need to understand it before they can explain it to others. Presentations can be given in the classroom or even to the whole school. Eventually, they may be able to present their lessons and research at a local conference.

Show them examples of other students making a real difference

It's important for students to see examples of young environmentalists so they know they don't need to wait until they're older to make a difference. Learning about the work these young people are doing can give your students new ideas for how to protect the environment. It can open the door of possibilities for how to think about finding solutions to problems they can help solve.

Earth Day isn't just on April 22. It's every day. How will you celebrate Earth Day and help students make a difference year-round?

1. Who is the text written for?

A．Students.

B．Teachers.

C．Environmentalists.

D．Parents.

2. What can we do to remind people to change their habits?

A．Make signs.	B．Make a video or presentation.
C．Make lesson plans.	D．Show other students' examples.

3. Why is it important for students to learn about young environmentalists?

A．It helps make friends.	B．It improves learning results.
C．It guarantees success.	D．It inspires immediate action.

5 . If you live in one of the 40 million American households with a gas stove, it could be leaking even when it’s turned off.

According to a new study from Stanford scientists, many stoves are constantly giving out gases that can warm the planet and pose serious health risks when breathed in. The research found methane missions from gas stoves across the United States are roughly equal to the carbon dioxide released by half a million gas-powered cars in a year.

To estimate the impact of these emissions, researchers measured three key gases from stoves in 53 homes across seven California counties. The team chose two gases — methane and carbon dioxide — because of their contribution to climate change, and selected nitrogen oxides because of their known risk to human health. The scientists set up plastic dividing walls between the kitchens and other rooms and used instruments that measure wavelengths of light to determine the concentration of certain gases.

The team estimated that stoves release between 0.8 and 1.3 percent of the natural gas they consume as unburned methane. To their surprise, they found that more than three-quarters of the methane emissions happened when both old and new gas stoves were turned off. “Over a 20-year time scale, the global warming potential of methane leaks is 86 times greater than carbon dioxide,” Stanford reports.

The most significant health risks happen when the stove is lit, the authors note, because the process creates nitrogen dioxide as a byproduct. Increasing airflow by using a range hood can help reduce the personal health risk of natural gas-burning appliances, but most individuals report rarely using their ventilation system.

In a small kitchen, it only took a few minutes of unventilated stove use to generate emissions levels above national health standards. According to a meta-analysis from 2013, children living in homes with gas stoves were 42 percent more likely to experience symptoms associated with asthma, and 24 percent more likely to be diagnosed with lifetime asthma.

In addition to health risks, natural gas burning stoves also endanger the planet by releasing methane. The results of the study have furled efforts by scientists and activists to encourage Americans to switch to all-electric stoves and appliances.

1. Which gas leaking from stoves warms the earth most?

A．Methane.

B．Carbon dioxide.

C．Nitrogen oxide.

D．Nitrogen dioxide.

2. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The measuring instruments.	B．The American families.
C．The team members.	D．The gas stoves.

3. When does a gas stove present the greatest health risks?

A．When it is old.	B．When it is new.
C．When it is turned on.	D．When it is turned off.

4. What would the researchers urge people to do?

A．Equip kitchens.	B．Switch to clean fuels.
C．Use sustainable energy.	D．Purchase electric stoves.

6 . Lake Baikal, the biggest body of fresh water on Earth near Russia’s border with Mongolia, is home to several unusual animals, including the world’s only species of freshwater seal.

Seals exist in large quantities in Baikal, about 100,000 of them, though the lake is poor in nutrition.    1    . A study just published by Watanabe Yuuki of the National Institute of Polar Research in Tokyo suggests the answer is tiny organisms.

Most seals eat fish. And Baikal seals do, indeed, have needle-pointed teeth. But in 1982 researchers noted that they develop a second sort of specialized tooth behind those canines. They have sharp teeth which look like combs.    2    But Dr Watanabe guessed that they might be an adaptation for feeding on other strange creatures in the lake.

Seals arrived in Baikal 2 m years ago, from the Arctic Ocean. So too did some much smaller sea creatures, known as amphipods. These have grown into more than 340 species.    3    . But Dr Watanabe wondered if the Baikal seals’ comb-like teeth might enable them to filter these tiny creatures from the water in sufficient quantities to make them useful food sources.    4    .

Records showed that the seals would dive in with their mouths open and collect amphipod groups that form at night. Dr Watanabe estimates that each seal catch an average of 57 amphipods per dive.    5    , for the seals do hunt fish as well. But they also compete with those fish for the amphipods, thus partially bypassing a link in the food chain and perhaps maintaining themselves in larger numbers than would otherwise be possible.

A．The needlelike canines are necessary

B．So how they do so well has been a puzzle

C．This has led to their numbers increasing sharply

D．At the time, nobody knew what to make of them

E．He therefore used waterproof cameras to observe a few seals

F．Cameras remained attached to some seals for between two and four days

G．Sea mammals the size of seals would normally see amphipods as too small to hunt

7 . Industry must speed up investment in new technologies that allow manufacture (大量制造) of materials using renewable electricity if net zero emission (排放) targets are to be met, research led by the University of Leeds warns.

Ensuring that no electricity is produced from fossil fuels by 2050 is vital for achieving net zero. However, its effect will be limited if industry cannot use this electricity. Steel manufacturing alone accounts for a tenth of all carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission in industrialised countries but latest estimates suggest new technologies to manufacture steel using electricity will not become fully operational until at least 2040.

The lead author of the study, Dr Alan Grainger, from the University of Leeds School of Geography, said, “ Delays in replacing existing steel manufacturing capacity represent a crucial ‘lock in’ constraint (约束) on achieving net zero. ” Humanity’s great dependence on steel, which accounts for 94% of all metal production, is a huge blockage that cannot be ignored, The UK Net Zero Strategy, published last week, recognizes this problem, but lacks detail on how to deal with it.

Governments should strengthen international carbon reporting standards for energy-intensive industries, the paper says, so that total levels of CO₂ production during the manufacture and lifetime of materials can be measured more obviously in assessing progress towards national net zero targets. The carbon price also needs to rise to make it economically viable (可行的) to introduce new manufacturing technologies with low CO₂ emission.

1. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1?

A．To warn industry not to use electricity.	B．To show the amount of CO2 emission.
C．To attract investment for the research.	D．To give a warning to industry.

2. What is the key to achieving net zero?

A．Using wood instead of steel.	B．Using less electricity from fossil fuels.
C．Using technical instruments.	D．Using electricity from green energy.

3. What does the underlined word “ blockage ” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Policy.

B．Influence.

C．Barrier.

D．Advantage.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Industry must prepare for green electricity

B．Industry must achieve net zero emission target

C．Industry must speed up investment in electricity

D．Governments should strengthen carbon standards

8 . Birds can serve as indicator species that help us understand how healthy an ecosystem is. Below are some tips especially helpful to reduce bird deaths and support our feathered friends in daily life.

Keep your cat indoors

Aside from habitat loss, the next biggest cause of direct death for birds is outdoor cats. We have seen people create enclosed patios, so their cats can get outside time without posing a risk to birds. If you want to take your cat out, you can also try using cat leads or cat backpacks to keep them close.

Make your windows more visible to birds

Window collisions kill up to a billion birds every year in the U.S.. A lot of people think that those collisions are occurring at the upper levels of high-rise buildings, but actually most of the collisions are occurring at the lower levels of these high-rise buildings. To make your windows more visible to birds, you can try putting up window film with dots (or lines) or adding a window screen or some kind of netting.

Turn off lights you’re not using

Many birds migrate at night. And as they go, they’re attracted by light. Lights will draw birds close to buildings, and sometimes, they collide. Bird collisions also happen during the daytime, because birds can’t see glass. So one of the things that you can help with, especially during migration, is to turn off any lights that are not used.

We’d love to hear from you. If you have a good lifehack, leave us a voicemail at 202-216-9823 or email us at LifeKit@npr.org. Your tip could appear in an upcoming episode. The broadcast portion of this story was produced by Sylvie Douglis. It was hosted and reported by Audrey Nguyen.

1. From the passage, which of the following is the leading cause of direct death for birds?

A．Outdoor cats.	B．Collisions on buildings.
C．Harsh light.	D．Habitat loss.

2. From the passage, what can we do to help reduce bird deaths?

A．Keep our cats close to birds.

B．Clean our windows thoroughly.

C．Construct no more high buildings.

D．Turn on lights only when necessary.

3. Where does the passage probably come from?

A．A radio program.

B．A biology textbook.

C．A science report.

D．A tourist brochure.

9 . Scientists in Israel have taught goldfish an unusual way to reach a target — by driving a small robotic car on dry land.

Six goldfish, regardless of their weight and size, took part in the experiment and were taught to drive in 30-minute sessions, conducted three times a week, every two days. The experiment was led by researchers at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. They wanted to see if goldfish’s ability to navigate depends on their natural environment, or if they could navigate even under very unusual conditions.

To test the goldfish, the researchers created a special robotic car that could drive forward, backward, and from side to side. The scientists called the car a Fish Operated Vehicle (FOV).

Goldfish was placed inside a water tank on the FOV. Using a special system, the car tracked where the goldfish was and what direction it was swimming in. The FOV would then automatically move in the same direction. To prevent the goldfish from getting stuck in barriers such as walls, researchers equipped the car with lidar. The researchers tested them by placing the car in a small room with a pink target on one side — that was where the fish were supposed to arrive. The fish were rewarded with food when achieving the task.

The fish did indeed learn to drive the FOV, becoming more skillful in its operation overtime both in terms of achieving tasks and in the time taken to complete that task. The researchers wanted to check that the fish weren’t just memorizing a set of movements to earn a reward, so they repeated some tests with a new starting position or added other targets that were a different color. They found the goldfish were able to deal with those changes.

Though the experiment showed that the fish were able to navigate to a target, it’s not likely that the fish knew they were controlling a car. The researchers say that in the future it may be possible to change the FOV to test these ideas.

1. What did the researchers do before testing the goldfish?

A．They fed them.	B．They numbered them.
C．They trained them.	D．They weighed them.

2. How did the goldfish get their reward in the experiment?

A．By making the FOV move forward.	B．By avoiding the car being stuck.
C．By mixing the target’s colors.	D．By having the car reach the target.

3. What did the researchers discover about the goldfish?

A．They were born with the ability to remember.	B．They could recognize the color’s changes.
C．They were curious about new environments.	D．They could understand simple words.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Goldfish Learn to Drive on Land	B．Scientists Teach Fish Navigation Skills
C．Goldfish Know How to control the FOV	D．Scientists Help Goldfish Find Destinations

10 . Above a shining ice pack in the Bering Sea, a helicopter flies over a polar bear, following paw prints in the snow. The bear suddenly appears as a hint of movement, white against white, making its way across the ice. The helicopter goes down, circling over the frightened creature, and a shotgun slides out the window, firing a tranquilizer (镇定剂) into the massive fur-covered bottom. Minutes pass. The bear shows no effects. The helicopter drops for a second shot. This time the bear stands its ground, and the pilot, fearing the animal is about to attack the aircraft, sharply noses the helicopter skyward.

But this bear finally moves unsteadily, then stretches out on the ice like a giant sheep dog. The helicopter sets down, and biologist Gerald Garner advances, kicking the bear in the behind to make sure it is motionless. A swivel (扭动) of its head and a flashing of teeth warn Garner that there is plenty of defiance left in this 272-kg meat-eating creature. With a syringe (注器), he injects more drug. At last the head lowers, and Garner can proceed. Around the bear’s neck he fastens a plastic collar containing a computer that will send data to a satellite, allowing scientists to keep track of the animal for a year. By the time Bear No. 6, 886 raises its head, the helicopter is softly above the air.

Those tense moments were all in a day’s work for Garner, one of a handful of hearty scientists, pilots and technicians taking part in a $700, 000 annual U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service study of polar bear populations. In an effort to follow the fate of more than 600 bears since the start of the program, the researchers have braved wind-chill factors of-59℃, hard living conditions, the constant threat of mechanical failures and the danger of being stuck on an ice pack. Last October two government biologists and a pilot disappeared while following polar bears from the air.

1. What do we know about the first shot?

A．It doesn’t work.	B．It annoys the bear.
C．It misses the target.	D．It frightens the bear.

2. What does the underlined word “defiance” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Resistance.

B．Hope.

C．Evidence.

D．Fear.

3. Which of the following can describe the researchers’ job?

A．Well-paid.

B．Short-staffed.

C．Life-threatening.

D．Time-saving.

4. What are Garner and his colleagues doing?

A．Rescuing polar bears.	B．Tracking polar bears.
C．Hunting for polar bears.	D．Rounding up polar bears.