1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How many kinds of climate emergencies does the speaker mention?

A．Six.

B．Five.

C．Seven.

2. What will cause a flash flood according to the speaker?

A．Damaged dams.

B．Tidal waves.

C．The rising warm air.

3. What is the fourth crisis mainly about?

A．Disappearing species.

B．Sea level.

C．Drought.

4. Why is James Elsner mentioned in the end?

A．He does research on polar bears.

B．He aims to protect coral reefs.

C．He proves hurricanes get stronger.

2 . For future humans to survive long periods on Mars, growing food on the planet is a must. It would be too costly and risky to rely upon rocket deliveries to meet the food needs of settlers. With this in mind, scientists are exploring ways to improve space farming.

Researchers work in a controlled greenhouse. They have identified a way that could improve crop production in simulated (模拟的) Martian soil, with different crops grown together. The method is called “intercropping”, invented by ancient Maya farmers in what is now Central America.

In their experiments, the researchers grew cherry tomatoes, peas and carrots together in small, round containers. Tomatoes grown in this way produced about double the amount of tomatoes grown alone — or “monocropped” — in the same simulated Martian soil. The tomatoes were also bigger. They flowered and matured earlier, gave more fruit per plant and had thicker stems. The amounts of peas and carrots did not increase with intercropping.

Rebeca Goncalves, an astrobiologist and lead writer of the study, said the research is the first time the intercropping technique was used in space soil, and that it was a big find — one that they could now build further research on. The crops were grown in simulated Martian regolith, a soil with no organic matter — a near-perfect physical and chemical match to real Martian soil.

The researchers added useful bacteria and nutrients. They also controlled the gases, temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse to match conditions expected in a Martian greenhouse. Intercropping involves growing plants with properties that could help each other grow. The method makes the best use of resources including water and nutrients.

The researchers said the tomato plants in intercropping may have benefited from being close to the pea plants. That is because the peas are good at turning nitrogen from the air, with the help of bacteria introduced into the soil, into an important nutrient. Overall, the tomatoes, peas and carrots grew well, though not as well as in Earth soil in the same greenhouse.

1. What is the benefit of intercropping mentioned in the article?

A．Increasing crop yield.	B．Preventing soil pollution.
C．Decreasing sunlight exposure.	D．Reducing water consumption.

2. What role did the peas play in the process of intercropping?

A．Enhancing growth of carrots.

B．Increasing fruit production in tomatoes.

C．Transforming nitrogen into a crucial nutrient.

D．Improving the variety of bacteria introduced into the soil.

3. What was the key finding of the research?

A．Carrots benefited the most from intercropping.

B．The crops grew as well as they would in Earth soil.

C．The presence of peas helped tomatoes produce more fruit.

D．Peas and carrots showed significant growth improvement in intercropping.

4. What is the main idea of the article?

A．Intercropping is developed for growing crops in space.

B．The study found Intercropping resulted in higher tomato yields.

C．Scientists are struggling to find ways to improve crop production in space.

D．Researchers successfully grew some plants in imitated Martian soil using intercropping.

3 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Over the course of the recent global pandemic, humans grew familiar     1     the idea of social distancing. A research team wondered     2     oceanic species engage in a similar practice. To find out, they ventured to the shores of the Dutch Wadden Sea to study seal (海豹) behavior.

The researchers noted that two main     3     (type) of seals frequent the shores－harbor seals and gray seals. In surveys of the area, the team noted that gray seals tend     4     (stay) away from the shore, while harbor seals prefer to keep close to the water. They also found that harbor seals keep nearly twice as much distance between one another than gray seals do.

The researchers noted that harbor seals tend to fall victim to distemper (瘟热) outbreaks — they     5     (face) two major outbreaks over the past three decades, each of     6     led to major drops in their numbers. Gray seals have not been nearly as     7     (severe) impacted because they generally survive such infections.

The research team suggests that the reason why the harbor seals keep their distance     8     (be) that they are practicing a form of social distancing as     9     way to reduce the chances of infection during outbreaks. Their findings could have     10     (significant) for other animals that practice similar behavior in light of climate change.

4 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What are sharks famous for?

A．Their large bodies.

B．Their high intelligence.

C．Their attacks on sea creatures.

2. How long can the biggest whale shark be?

A．20 m.

B．10 m.

C．2 m.

3. What do sharks’ good senses help them do?

A．Escape from danger.

B．Find their food.

C．Kill their enemies.

4. Where do most sharks live?

A．In warm waters of oceans.

B．In cold areas of oceans.

C．In warm lakes.

5 . If you were to see an injured animal on the side of the road, what would you do? Would you stop? Call 911? Call Animal Control? It’s a(n) ______ many of us don’t have to see, but something that still ______ on a regular basis.

Florida citizen, Patrick Hennessey, was driving into work at 4:30 one morning when he ______ two dogs on the side of the road, one of whom looked to be ______. He decided to call 911, and ______, two wonderful officers showed up to save the day.

Officers Boggs and Reed ______ the scene, where they found two dogs. One was badly injured while the other stayed by her friend’s side, ______ to leave her alone. It appeared as though the injured dog had been hit by a car. The ______ and Patrick worked together to bandage up the dog’s leg, and then ______ each of the poor creatures some food.

The officers didn’t leave the dogs’ side until Animal Services arrived. Boggs and Reed ensured the dogs were ______ and would be well ______ before handing them off and saying goodbye.

After some rest and treatment, the injured dog was back on her ______ and the two officers visited her and her friend once more. As soon as they arrived, the dogs ______ their heroes. They couldn’t stop loving them!

People from all over the country praised the officers for their ______ and compassion (怜悯) towards the dogs. Reed and Boggs were just ______ that they were able to help and see a happy ending for the sweet dogs.

1.

A．sight

B．animal

C．chance

D．trip

2.

A．performs

B．moves

C．waits

D．occurs

3.

A．bought

B．comforted

C．spotted

D．posted

4.

A．injured

B．blamed

C．trapped

D．punished

5.

A．unfortunately

B．thankfully

C．astonishingly

D．gradually

6.

A．closed off

B．gave up

C．arrived at

D．broke into

7.

A．failing

B．agreeing

C．learning

D．refusing

8.

A．dogs

B．friend

C．officers

D．driver

9.

A．ordered

B．fed

C．handed

D．paid

10.

A．free

B．busy

C．clean

D．safe

11.

A．taken care of

B．brought up

C．laughed at

D．looked up to

12.

A．stick

B．feet

C．tail

D．wheelchair

13.

A．forgot

B．praised

C．persuaded

D．remembered

14.

A．kindness

B．courage

C．honesty

D．insistence

15.

A．desperate

B．tired

C．glad

D．disappointed

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China launched a three-member crew to its orbiting space station on Thursday as part of its     1     (ambition) program that aims to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.

The mission     2     (lead) by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was     3     (previous) part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu,    4     are heading into space for the first time.

    5     three will spend about six months on the space station. They     6     (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection     7     (equip) on the station, carry out payload experiments, and popularize science education, among other things, according to Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA. Lin also said China was working toward eventually offering access     8     its space station to foreign astronauts and space tourists.

The country is planning a mission     9     (bring) back samples from Mars around 2030 and three lunar probe missions over the next four years. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.

China conducted its first crewed space mission in 2003,    10     (become) the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U. S. to put a person into space using its own resources.

7 . When 12-year-old Erica Fernandez volunteered to help clean up the beach in her new hometown, Oxnard, California, she could barely speak English. She was just a kid helping 20 adults take care of the beach. She and her family had recently arrived in California from a small town in Mexico.

Erica started going door to door in her mainly Spanish-speaking farmworker community. “I always loved the ocean,” she says, “so it made me really sad to see this beautiful beach full of trash. That’s why I decided to help.”

Erica cared too much to stay silent. Having grown up in a tiny town in the Mexican state of Michoacán, she had a strong motivation to care for nature. “We grew our own food and raised our own animals. Taking care of nature was part of survival.” She wanted to bring that same spirit to her new life in California.

As her English improved, she talked to kids in her high school about what was going on. “I didn’t know if they would listen to me. My English wasn’t good and I was only sixteen,” she says. As she nervously approached the microphone, she was informed that time was running out. One minute and thirty seconds was all she had. “I couldn’t give my prepared speech, so I just spoke from my heart.”

The result was electrifying. When Erica was finished, people stood up and broke into applause. One of the teachers said, “I’m very moved by your words, Erica. When I was your age, I was playing video games.”

Only the second person in her family to go to college, Erica wants to become an environmental lawyer so she can fight for the environment and for the rights of communities. She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first. “We are the future. The future is ours.”

1. Why did the author mention Erica’s words in Paragraph 2?

A．To show gratitude to her action.	B．To advocate learning from her.
C．To clarify the reason for her help.	D．To think highly of her devotion.

2. According to the passage, what can we learn about Erica?

A．She was the only college student in her family.

B．She volunteered to clean up the garbage on Spanish beaches.

C．She spent her childhood in a small town in Mexico.

D．She couldn’t speak either English or Spanish in California.

3. What do we know about Erica’s speech?

A．The device disturbed her performance.

B．The audience was greatly encouraged.

C．It affected people’s attitude to playing games.

D．Erica expressed her inner thoughts fluently.

4. From which is this text most probably taken?

A．A geography textbook.	B．A health report.
C．A scientific website.	D．An environmental magazine.

8 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the aim of the campaign?

A．To remind people of Earth Day.

B．To encourage people to reduce garbage.

C．To warn people of the bad effects of pollution.

2. What will be the task on the second day?

A．Planting trees.

B．Designing posters.

C．Collecting garbage.

3. What does the man expect the teachers to do?

A．Paint paper.

B．Stop driving cars.

C．Decorate classrooms.

4. How does Sara find the man's ideas?

A．Absurd.

B．Hollow.

C．Practical.

9 . I think I lived rather sustainably last year. I composted (堆肥) fruit and vegetable scraps, ________ my own clothes and even grew food on my balcony. I grasped every chance to make ________ in my lifestyle.

I became accustomed to getting up early, which I think came with various ________. I devoted the morning hours to breathing in the flesh air. I kept my evenings ________ to meet friends, read, or connect with family, and slowly get myself ________ to rest as dusk approaches.

The biggest ________ for me was to take a walk wholeheartedly. Having spent much time staying indoors, I wanted to take a ________ kind of exercise where I could enjoy the natural scenery, rather than an intense one. Walking not only ________ me to the beautiful creatures that lived among us, but helped me to ________ my own life.

I found out how much organic waste even a small household could ________. It is reported that U. S. households waste approximately one-third of food they buy, ________ $ 240 billion per year. Although I got my composting into place, I needed to find a ________ for the plastic waste from deliveries and takeaways. ________, I was offered a door-to-door recycling service that visited every two weeks and ________ the waste.

While I’ve always been getting clothes made by the family ________, this stopped during the pandemic. Last year, as the traveling exhibitions which ________ artisans and help them sell their products came back to the city, I bought some ________ which was made into fashionable sets and dresses. I also ________ an old block-printed dress into a jumpsuit.

Thanks to my ________, I found my life was eased back into a healthy one. I’ll stick to my ________ lifestyle from now on.

1.

A．purchased

B．mended

C．ordered

D．donated

2.

A．improvement

B．progress

C．promotion

D．sense

3.

A．doubts

B．results

C．benefits

D．challenges

4.

A．slow

B．active

C．quiet

D．free

5.

A．prepared

B．tired

C．trained

D．addicted

6.

A．task

B．change

C．moment

D．problem

7.

A．potential

B．rare

C．proper

D．gentle

8.

A．increased

B．surprised

C．connected

D．limited

9.

A．reflect on

B．send up

C．result in

D．slide into

10.

A．receive

B．resist

C．store

D．generate

11.

A．destroying

B．saving

C．totaling

D．sharing

12.

A．routine

B．solution

C．practice

D．rule

13.

A．Fortunately

B．Gradually

C．Accidentally

D．Regularly

14.

A．reduced

B．welcomed

C．abandoned

D．collected

15.

A．designer

B．tailor

C．assistant

D．consultant

16.

A．hold

B．excite

C．support

D．feature

17.

A．fabric

B．steel

C．wood

D．patent

18.

A．repeated

B．repurposed

C．included

D．decorated

19.

A．defense

B．decision

C．imagination

D．effort

20.

A．flexible

B．comfortable

C．sustainable

D．typical

10 . Cold weather not only threatens the life of human beings but also the survival of wild animals. In Houston, it has claimed some unusual animal victims-bats.

Mary Warwick is the wildlife director at the Houston Humane Society. She was doing shopping when the freezing winds reminded her that she had not heard how the area’s bats were going. So she drove to the bridge where over 100 bats looked to be dead as they lay frozen on the ground. But during her 40-minute drive home, they began to come back to life. The bats made sounds and moved around in a box she had placed on her heated passenger seat for warmth. She returned to the bridge twice a day to collect more.

Two days later, she got a call about more than 900 bats rescued from a bridge in nearby Pearland, Texas. On the third and fourth days, more people showed up to rescue bats from the Waugh Bridge, and a special transportation effort was set up to get the bats to Warwick, which touched her a great deal. Each of the bats was warmed in an incubator (恒温箱) until their body temperature rose.

However, there were too many bats for one person to care for. The society’s current buildings did not have the necessary space, so Warwick and others put the bats in her attic (阁楼). The bats were separated by group in containers usually used for dogs. There, they were able to reach a state of hibernation (冬眠). Over 100 bats died because of the cold and the fall from the bridge but the others are being or have been released.

The society is now raising money to build a special room for bats at the society. The society’s entire animal rescue team will be vaccinated (接种疫苗) and trained in rescuing bats as they prepare to move into a larger building with the special bat room. “That would really help in these situations where we continue to see strange weather come through,” she said. “We could really use more space to rescue the bats.”

1. Why did Mary War wick drive to the bridge?

A．To get rid of the dead bats.	B．To check what happened to the bats.
C．To reach home a little earlier.	D．To monitor the surviving bats.

2. Which of the following moved Mary Warwick deeply?

A．More people were willing to donate.

B．More people showed concern about her.

C．More people came up with good ideas.

D．More people joined her rescue.

3. What trouble did Mary Warwick have in saving the bats?

A．There was not enough space to warm the bats.

B．An increasing number of bats died from the cold.

C．It was difficult for her to get bats into hibernation.

D．The bats’ body temperature didn’t rise as expected.

4. What is Mary Warwick’s attitude towards the human e society’s efforts?

A．Critical.

B．Grateful.

C．Positive.

D．Doubtful.