1 . My wife, Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. But after my ______ with the terminal brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something new and green around.

My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green pottery bowl. ______ the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt ______ . Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from others. Watering the plant, small act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old ______ and taught me I could still be a caregiver.

Over the next few months, I recovered ______ surgery. And the bamboo had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny and lush. Then, ______ , no matter what I did, the leaves kept browning and ______ to the floor. I grew more and more ______ and uneasy. I couldn’t ______ the feeling that the plant had become a ______ of my own health. Its fallen leaves might signal the ______ of my brain cancer.

Later, I realized I had wrongly connected my nurturing of the plant with my own survival, over which I had no ______ . As my anxiety lessened, following the online ______ , I transplanted the bamboo to a larger pot to give it more room to grow. It began to thrive again.

If the plant ______ me, I hope it will comfort Hannah and remind her that our large community will continue to ______ her after I am gone.

1.

A．illness

B．condition

C．diagnosis

D．suffering

2.

A．Turning to

B．Looking into

C．Growing up

D．Tending to

3.

A．helpless

B．useless

C．hopeless

D．meaningless

4.

A．identity

B．personality

C．quality

D．quantity

5.

A．against

B．in

C．to

D．from

6.

A．nevertheless

B．therefore

C．moreover

D．hence

7.

A．dropping

B．landing

C．decreasing

D．filling

8.

A．optimistic

B．frustrated

C．worthless

D．annoyed

9.

A．forget

B．feel

C．move

D．shake

10.

A．signature

B．coincidence

C．symbol

D．mark

11.

A．rebirth

B．reoccurrence

C．request

D．review

12.

A．limit

B．control

C．degree

D．right

13.

A．constructions

B．estimations

C．instructions

D．descriptions

14.

A．survives

B．thrives

C．strives

D．dives

15.

A．improve

B．develop

C．nurture

D．grow

2 . There are a mass of myths about reindeer, and at least one of them is true: They live in far-off areas that get plentiful snow. Living in that winter wonderland can be a challenge when your favorite food is white, but scientists have been aware of for a while that reindeer’s vision is peculiar and that they can detect ultraviolet light (紫外线), which can directly pass through eyes’ tissues and make contact with the retina (视网膜) in reindeer but can be harmful to human eyes.

One potential explanation for its special vision is protection from predators. A white wolf on snow might be difficult to be seen for human but appear darker to a reindeer due to the reflection of ultraviolet light by snow and absorption by the wolf’s hair. That also applies to finding food. For reindeer, their diet is mostly comprised of lichens (地衣), some of which are white and can get covered in snow. So a research team focused on the particular lichens that reindeer eat to figure out how the organisms’ interaction with light affected how the reindeer would see them. Dominy explained that, just like the wolves, the lichens pop out against the white snow for a reindeer looking around for food.

What is likewise vital for reindeer is that an extra layer in their retinas adjusts in the winter — when it’s snowy and dark — to become more sensitive to that ultraviolet light. Robert Fosbury, a retired astrophysicist who now studies the relationship between light and life, said that extra layer is common among many animals, but not its variability. Reindeer vision is very special in that it’s really the only animal that is known to dramatically change its visual capabilities between the winter and the summer.

There’s still more to learn about the reindeer’s eyes, like whether eating those lichens can even protect them against potential damage from the ultraviolet light. In the meantime. Dominy said one definite way you and your kids can keep those special eyes healthy is with vitamin C, which has been shown to shield eyes from ultraviolet light damage.

1. Which statement regarding ultraviolet light is true?

A．It can hardly pass right through reindeer eyes and contact with retina.

B．Its damage to human eyes can be healed through Vitamin

C．When snowy and dark, it is more easily detected by reindeer retina.

D．It does harm to both reindeer eyes and human eyes.

2. Why do the lichens pop out against the white snow for the reindeer?

A．The lichens absorbs ultraviolet light reflected by snow.

B．The lichens are familiar to the reindeer.

C．The color of the lichens is the same as the snow.

D．Extra layer in reindeer retinas adjusts because of the ultraviolet light.

3. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Changeability.

B．Reliability.

C．Stability.

D．Capability.

4. What is the main idea of this passage?

A．Reindeer eyes can adjust with the help of ultraviolet light.

B．The uniqueness of reindeer eyes aids them to find food in the snow.

C．Ultraviolet light can help reindeer to survive in the snow.

D．The retina of reindeer is different from that of humankind.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Xixi, located less than five kilometers from the West Lake in the west of Hangzhou, is China’s first national wetland park. The area covers about 10 square kilometers and it     1     (be) around for more than 1,500 years, although it was only recently reopened     2     (offer) visitors a chance to escape from the concrete of the city. Despite its growing popularity,     3     wetland’s winding waterways, thick greenery and wide     4     (variety) of wildlife guarantee its peaceful spots in nature.

Wetlands themselves are one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems,     5     (act) as natural green lungs, water purification (净化) systems and flood control. But wetlands are     6     (serious) threatened by environmental pollution worldwide nowadays. More than 200square kilometers of wetland in the country have disappeared every year     7     average in the past decade, the China Institute for Marine Affairs warns. The wetlands of the Yellow and East China seas have lost up to 90 percent of their natural function, the institute reports,     8     makes the 226 plant species, 50 kinds of fish and aquatic (水生的) animals as well as 126 kinds of birds in Xixi even     9     (valuable).

Xixi’s native vegetation,     10     (water) by six crossing rivers, consists of subtropical mountainous swamp (沼泽) and evergreen forest.

4 . When scientists and the public worry about sea level rise, they mostly focus on when and where communities will be permanently flooded. But there’s another consequence of rising seas that will affect many more people much sooner: getting cut off from roads and other critical infrastructure (基础设施). It’s a threat that society has not paid nearly enough attention to, says Allison Reilly, a civil engineer at the University of Maryland.

In a new paper, Reilly and her colleagues show the width and pace of the isolation (隔离) threat. Inspired by her work on the eastern shore of Maryland, where people already need to adjust their travel and work schedules to account for tides that frequently flood roads, Reilly and her colleagues calculated that, with one meter of sea level rise, twice as many people across the coastal United States will be isolated than will be fully flooded.

Worse still, many places currently considered at low risk of sea level rise suddenly become much riskier when isolation is taken into account, Reilly says. While planners know that low-lying Florida will be severely flooded, Maine, with its high rocky coasts, is generally thought to be at low risk. But Reilly’s work shows many Mainers are in great danger of being cut off by flooding in coastal communities and river valleys.

This far more immediate effect of rising seas needs to become part of the broader planning process. That kind of planning is starting to happen around the Chignecto Isthmus, an interprovincial land bridge in Canada, connecting New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The New Brunswick and Nova Scotia governments are considering a variety of plans to raise or replace the dikes (坝). For Ollerhead, a Nova Scotian, that work can’t start soon enough. “It will take a lot of sea level rise before Nova Scotia becomes an island, but you could have a storm that cuts off the major transportation links for days, weeks, or months,” he says. “It’s nearly impossible to predict when, but it will happen eventually.”

1. What is the threat Allison Reilly mentioned in paragraph 1?

A．The rising sea level.	B．Flood-related isolation.
C．Permanent flooded areas.	D．Irreparable infrastructure.

2. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．Conclusions of a new paper.	B．Calculations of collected data.
C．Situations of Eastern Maryland.	D．Influences on coastal United States.

3. Why are Florida and Maine mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．To clarify a point.	B．To offer a solution.
C．To present an assumption.	D．To illustrate a reason.

4. What’s Ollerhead’s attitude toward the governments’ planning?

A．Dismissive.

B．Doubtful.

C．Favorable.

D．Unclear.

5 . Most of us have a map of the world in our mind that we use any time we think about places.     1     In fact, many of the maps in our heads share the same errors, some of which are quite large and surprisingly resistant to correction.

For example, we all believe that South America is just south of North America, of course. But you may be surprised by the fact that virtually the entire South American continent is east of Florida. There are lots of possible reasons for geographical misconceptions like this one, says cartographer (地图绘制员) John Nelson.     2     After all it’s not called Southeast America.

Europe is also often placed much farther south on mental maps than it really is. But it actually lines up better with Canada.     3     Western Europe is relatively warm for its latitude (纬度) thanks to the Gulf Stream which brings warmer water from the Gulf of Mexico across the Atlantic. The warmer temperatures are more similar to the climate of the lower 48 states than Canada’s.

    4     We also have misconceptions about the relative size of things. This may be due in part to the nature of 2D maps. Flattening a 3D globe onto a flat surface isn’t possible without some distortion (变形). This is especially obvious for maps that use certain projections.

Mercator maps distort the shape and relative size of continents, particularly near the poles. This is why Greenland appears to be similar in size to all of South America on Mercator maps.     5    

A．Locations aren’t the only way our mental maps can be wrong.

B．But these mental maps aren’t necessarily dependable.

C．Nelson says that climate might play a role in this misunderstanding.

D．In fact, South America is more than eight times larger than Greenland.

E．He believes the misplaced Americas may be partly a result of their names.

F．However, our physical experience of the world may come into play as well.

G．None of these geographic misconceptions would be surprising for a student.

6 . 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。

1. What is the woman doing?

A．Hosting a program.

B．Having a job interview.

C．Doing an environmental test.

2. What happened to the animals in the disaster a short time ago?

A．The fish were covered with oil.

B．The birds died of a rare disease.

C．The whales were washed up on the shore.

3. How does the woman find Kevin’s job?

A．Interesting.

B．Difficult.

C．Easy.

4. Why did Kevin choose the job?

A．He liked outdoor activities.

B．He enjoyed staying at the coast.

C．He was interested in the ocean system.

7 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. In which country was the fish first found?

A．The US.

B．Australia.

C．Austria.

2. What makes the fish unusual?

A．Its age.

B．Its size.

C．Its habitat.

3. Why does Mike feel sad?

A．The museum receives no visitors today.

B．Biologists want to replace the fish.

C．The species is endangered.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Whoa, boy,” Sarai said, holding out a hand to her horse. “You heard what Dad said yesterday. If I can’t get this halter (缰绳) on you today, we’ll have to send you back to the rescue farm. I don’t want to send you back. Don’t you want to stay with me?”

She searched around in the bag. Inside were a variety of yummy horse treats. “Let’s try this again, Amadore.” Sarai pulled out an apple-flavored biscuit and held it out, palm flat. The horse reached toward her hand with his nose, sniffing her.

She held her own breath so as not to scare him. Another inch and she could touch his silky, soft nose. In her excitement, she rushed it and took a step forward. Amadore snorted and stumbled back into the far comer of the stall (马厩).

She frowned (皱眉) at his response to her, brokenhearted.

“I know what your problem is,” a voice said from the stall door. Sarai threw a look over her shoulder, “Who are you?”

“I’m Cody,” the boy said, smiling. “And I know what your problem is. It’s your face,”

“Excuse me?” Sarai’s eyebrows hit the roof, and her fists clenched in instant anger. “How dare you!” She turned on her heel to walk out of the stall, but Cody called out to her.

“No, no. I didn’t mean anything bad. You’re not ugly or anything. It’s your frown.”

Sarai frowned at him.

“Yes, like that,” Cody said, recovering some of his cheer. “You’re frowning at Amadore when you’re approaching him.”

Sarai half rolled her eyes. “What does that have to do with anything?”

“How about we do a little experiment?” Cody suggested. “Here’s the camera. Can you take two photos for me? In one, I’ll flash a big, toothy smile, and in the other, I’ll show an angry face with my teeth out.”

A minute later Cody and Sarai ran off to print the pictures.

“Now,” said Cody, once they were back at the stall. “I’ll show him the pictures.”

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Cody stepped in, holding the “happy” photo in front of his face like a mask.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“Are you ready to try putting the halter on Amadore now?” Cody asked.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . More than 80 percent of global heat is absorbed by the ocean, which has a massive capacity to store and give off heat. High sea-surface temperatures are causing long-term damage to coral reefs (珊瑚礁). Corals are dying. The IPCC (政府间气候变化专门委员会) projects that up to 90 percent of coral reefs could disappear if global warming reaches 1.5℃. Another reason corals are in trouble is because of ocean acidification. Higher carbon dioxide levels have shift ed the chemistry of the ocean, making it more acidic, and corals and sea creatures have trouble growing in acidic conditions.

When ocean water warms, it expands in volume. This is a major cause of the rise in sea levels, along with the water added to the ocean by the melting of land-based glaciers (冰川). The sea level has risen by an average of 20 centimeters since the late 19th century, and the research by scientists studying the last 25 years of satellite data found that the ocean water is rising faster and faster. If it continues at its current rate, the rise in sea level by 2100 will be more than double the current estimates. Sea level rise leads to the destruction of coastal wetlands, flooding and damage to water ecosystems.

Temperature and precipitation (沉淀) are key elements of climate. A warmer climate means that more water rises from both the land and ocean, and a warmer atmosphere holds more of that water. Scientists have noticed that there are more heavy rainfall events. Additionally, higher water temperature in streams, lakes, and rivers lead to lower levels of dissolved oxygen in the water, which impacts the survival and populations of fish and other sea life.

Especially troubling are the extreme weather events that are happening more often around the world. Hurricanes are ramping up in intensity, particularly in North Atlantic. The year 2017 was a busy one for Atlantic hurricanes. Meanwhile, in the western United States, the state of California has had record-setting drought conditions, which began in 2012.

1. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 1?

A．Global warming has little damage to the land.	B．Ocean acidification affects the sea temperature.
C．Coral reefs are in danger of disappearing.	D．Corals and sea creatures need critical surroundings.

2. What can be known from Paragraph 2?

A．Sea level rise has positive effect on sea animals.

B．By 2100 the sea level will rise 20 centimeters.

C．Global heating is the direct cause of wetlands destruction.

D．The rise of sea level is beyond our imagination.

3. What does the underlined part “ramping up” in last paragraph mean?

A．Increasing.

B．Failing.

C．Appearing.

D．Changing.

4. Which is the suitable title for the text?

A．High Sea-surface Temperatures to Creatures	B．Global Warming, What Damages It Causes
C．Ways to Stop High Sea-surface Temperatures	D．Extreme Weather Events and Global Warming

10 . Campaigners opposing the building of new wind farms often point to the possibility that the blades of wind turbines (涡轮机) can cut careless birds to bits. No one doubts that wind turbines kill some birds. But a new analysis of American data, published in Environmental Science & Technology, suggests the numbers have little impact on bird populations.

Wind power has expanded dramatically in America over the past 20 years. Many studies have analysed the effects in specific locations or on specific bird species. But few have looked at the effects on wildlife at the population level. Dr. Katovich, an economist at the University of Geneva, used the Christmas Bird Count, a citizen-science project. Volunteers count birds they spot over Christmas, and the society edits the numbers. Its records stretch back over a century.

Dr. Katovich assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird populations, then the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count would drop in places where new turbines had been built. He combined bird population and species maps with the locations and construction dates of all wind turbines in America, with the exceptions of Alaska and Hawaii, between 2000 and 2020. He found that building turbines had no obvious effect on bird populations. That reassuring finding held even when he looked specifically at large birds that many people believe are particularly easy to be struck.

Dr. Katovich didn’t limit his analysis to wind power alone. He also examined oil-and-gas extraction (提取). Like wind power, this has boomed in America over the past decades. Comparing bird populations to the locations of new gas wells revealed an average 15% drop in bird numbers when new wells were drilled, probably due to a combination of noise, air pollution and the disturbance of rivers and ponds that many birds rely upon. When drilling happened in places designated by experts as “important bird areas”, bird numbers instead dropped by 25%. Such places are typically migration hubs, feeding grounds or breeding locations.

Wind power, in other words, not only produces far less planet-heating gas than fossil fuels. It appears to be significantly less damaging to wildlife, too. Wind turbines might look dramatic, but their effect on birds isn’t.

1. What does a new analysis find about wind farms?

A．They take the lives of careless birds.	B．They improve birds’ living conditions.
C．They do little harm to bird populations.	D．Their harmful effects on birds vary a lot.

2. How did Dr. Katovich make the finding?

A．By counting bird numbers in different locations.

B．By relating bird numbers to turbines’ distribution.

C．By researching perfect places to build turbines.

D．By studying the decline of birds near turbines.

3. What contributes most to the drop of bird numbers?

A．The wide spread of wind turbines.	B．The over-development of farming.
C．The lack of environmental concern.	D．The drilling of wells for oil and gas.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Wind Turbines and Birds Can Co-exist	B．Oil Drilling Shares the Sky With Birds
C．Several Factors Lead to Bird Decline	D．Campaigners Oppose Bird Disturbance