1 . China is a country with a large population and a large amount of resources. However, this also means something else-a huge amount of waste. How we deal with waste has long been a problem, and garbage classification (垃圾分类) is something that both common people and the government should pay closer attention to.
Garbage classification refers to a series of activities, including storing and sorting garbage according to certain standards. It makes sure that waste is reused again as many times as possible.
Last month, my school did a survey about garbage classification. About 99 percent of the interviewees said that waste sorting was very important and should be focused on more, while only 1 percent doubted the importance of garbage sorting. Meanwhile, 80 percent of the interviewees said they took part in daily garbage sorting. When I asked, “Which is more important for society; environment or economy?”, half of the participants stated that they were equally important.
In my view, waste sorting is necessary. Almost all the participants said that each individual should sort the garbage they produced. Therefore, I believe it’s a good idea for the government to pass a rule to encourage people to recycle their waste.
As the saying goes, “Constant dripping (滴) of water wears away a stone”. Nothing is to stop us from starting to sort our garbage by ourselves. The world will quickly become better if we all combine our efforts.
1. According to the passage, what has long been a problem?| A．A large amount of resources. | B．Garbage collection. |
| C．The way we deal with garbage. | D．The polluted environment. |
| A．Almost all the interviewees thought waste sorting was important. |
| B．Nobody doubted the importance of garbage sorting. |
| C．8 percent of the people interviewed took part in daily garbage sorting. |
| D．Half people considered environment more important than economy. |
| A．Unconcerned. | B．Supportive |
| C．Negative. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．Only the government should be responsible for garbage classification. |
| B．Garbage classification includes many activities. |
| C．China is a large country with a large population. |
| D．We can create a better world combining our efforts in sorting garbage. |
2 . Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick．But if you had been there around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer．
Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to solve global warming．Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year．But how will the Amazon react to the future climate change? If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2? Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past．
Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult ． To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen (花粉) kept in lake mud．Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediments (沉淀物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery ． There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes．Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled (未取样)．So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon forest reacts to climate change．
1. How do scientists study the past climate change?| A．By predicting the climate change in the future． |
| B．By drilling down deep into land sediments． |
| C．By taking samples from rivers in the Amazon． |
| D．By analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud． |
| A．The latest helicopter． | B．The special equipment． |
| C．The light machinery． | D．The narrow path． |
| A．To attract more people’s attention to CO2． |
| B．To call on people to protect rainforests． |
| C．To inform people of how scientists work on rainforests． |
| D．To warn people to stay away from the danger of rainforests． |
| A．Mystery of the Rainforest | B．Climates of the Amazon |
| C．The History of the Rainforest | D．Changes of the Rainforest |
3 . A so-called “smart drug” intended to improve people's cognitive (认知的) function to protect the brain from altitude sickness.
Visiting high-altitude sites for work, spot, religious pilgrimages and military can result in cognitive effects, including memory loss and attention difficulties. There's little you can do to prevent these symptoms except acclimatize -but this takes time and doesn't always work. A drug called oxiracetam might be the answer.
ShengLi Hu at the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China and her colleagues studied the performance of male military personnel at altitude. All lived in towns around 1,800 meters above sea level, During the study, they spent eight days at this altitude and then climbed for three days to reach 4,000 meters, where they stayed for up to a month.
Twenty participants took oxriacetam three times a day for the first 15 days of the study, while another 20 received no intervention. The man did tests of attention and memory at the start and end of the study and 20 days in, by which time they had been at 4,000 meters for nine days.
While all the participants experienced a drop in cognitive ability at 4,00 meters, those who took oxiracetam showed a much smaller drop than the control group.
The team found that at high altitude the brain stem, which plays a critical role in supporting basic living functions, received blood at the expense of areas responsible for more advanced cognitive functions. But in people who took oxiracetam, blood flowing throughout the brain rose,thus offering more oxygen to these areas. This may be how the drug seems to lessen cognitive problems like with low oxygen.
It isn't yet known whether diverting blood in this way could have negative effects in the long run. "The results are striking and imply that oxiracetam may be beneficial for helping to relieve cognitive ability decline caused by altitude." says Timothy Hales at the University of Dundee, UK.
1. The underlined word “acclimatize” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______ .| A．adapt | B．ignore |
| C．exist | D．relax |
| A．The higher altitude you are at, the slower your brain will be. |
| B．At 4,000 meters, the two subject groups show little difference. |
| C．Memory tests are beneficial to relieving attention difficulties. |
| D．“Smart drug" largely reduces negative effects of altitude sickness. |
| A．physical tiredness | B．low oxygen content |
| C．cognitive training | D．extreme high altitude |
| A．Fight High Anxiety | B．Oxiacetam - A Magic Drug |
| C．Keep Sharp at Altitude | D．Problems on High-altitude Sites |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Two years ago, when I went to the kitchen for a cup of milk, a magazine lay open on the table drew my attention. An article about environmental protection written by an university professor was on this page. That was a popular magazine which was sold well at that time. From the article, I got plenty of informations. I learned about some problems the earth was faced with and got some suggestions on what they could do to save our planet in an effectively way. From then on, I had been applying myself to protect the environment. While the problem of pollution is universal and we are likely to run out some natural resources, it's time that everybody took action.
1. Whose pet dog was the guide dog in 1918?
| A．Dorothy's. | B．A soldier's. | C．A doctor's. |
| A．Germany. | B．America. | C．England. |
| A．14 months. | B．4 months. | C．over 2 years. |
| A．Teach dogs to be guides. | B．Visit the center. | C．Introduce their pet dogs. |
内容包括:1. 自我介绍；
2. 推荐理由:历史悠久、景色优美、文化丰富、市民友好、小吃多样；
3. 你的祝愿。
注意:1. 字数不少于100；
2. 适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
Dear Kerry,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Chongqing. I’m very glad to have read the post that you put on the English Forum.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
1. 询问受灾情况，表示关心。
2. 鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇: 山火 wildfire
Dear Kanye,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8 . Three-quarters of a million tourists flock to the primitive, white beaches every year—but this booming industry has come at a price. When foreigners left the government struggling to cope with a stream of rubbish, their answer was to turn one of these islands into a dumping ground. Clouds of sharp, poisonous smoke rising from open fires, piles of rubbish made up of plastic bottles, crisp packets and consumer junk. It’s a far cry from the white sands, crystal-clear waters and gently swaying palm trees that we associate with the Maldives (马尔代夫), the beautiful paradise island holiday destination set in the Indian Ocean.
Of its 200 inhabited islands, which are spread across an area of 35,000 square miles, 99 are dedicated resorts. Three-quarters of a million tourists visit every year — more than double the domestic population. of these, over 100,000 travel from the UK. The capital, Malé, is four times more densely populated than London. Given these facts, it’s hardly surprising that the Maldives on which has a waste disposal problem.
What you are seeing here is a view of the Maldives on which no honeymooners will ever fix eyes. Four miles west of Malé is the country’s dumping ground, Thilafushi — or Rubbish Island as it has simply become known.
The country dumps upwards of 330 tons of rubbish on the island every day. A figure attributed largely to the tourist industry on which the chain of islands relies. Each visitor generates 3.5 kg of waste per day.
Now, the government of the Maldives has banned the dumping of waste on the island, which is too late, due largely to an increase in the number of waste boats “fly-tipping”(非法倾倒) directly into the sea, fed up with waiting seven hours or more to offload their cargo.
1. The government of the Maldives is in troubled faced with ________.| A．how to develop the tourist industry |
| B．where to set up a dumping ground |
| C．how to deal with the rubbish left by tourists. |
| D．where to set up dedicated resorts |
| A．the Maldives are still paradise islands with clear waters. |
| B．the Maldives rely on tourist industry |
| C．the Maldives are called Rubbish Islands |
| D．the country dumps about 330 tons of rubbish on the island every month |
| A．positive | B．satisfied |
| C．forgiving | D．critical |
| A．inform people of the present situation of the Maldives |
| B．expose people’s bad behavior on the islands |
| C．introduce the Maldives to the whole word |
| D．persuade people out of going to the Maldives |
9 . Going green seems to be fad (时尚) for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can’t really say, but for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.
On April 22,2011,we decided to be green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different things to do and this was no easy task.
With the idea of going green every single day a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all green things that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.
Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic (有机的) stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we don’t need. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home-made fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.
Our minds have been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planets.
1. What might be the best title for the passage?| A．Going Green. | B．Protecting the Planet. |
| C．Keeping Open-Minded | D．Celebrating Our Green Year. |
| A．they were expected to follow the green fad |
| B．they didn’t know how to educate other people |
| C．they were unwilling to reduce their energy |
| D．they needed to perform unusual green tasks |
| A．They tried to get out of their ungreen habits. |
| B．They ignore others’ ungreen behavior. |
| C．They chose better chemical cleaners. |
| D．They sold their home-made food. |
| A．The government will give support to the green people. |
| B．The couple may continue their project in the future. |
| C．Some people disagree with the couple’s green ideas. |
| D．Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign. |
