1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found a prehistoric ancestor of an arrow worm (箭虫)among a group of fossils (化石)at two national parks in Canada. The fossils     1     (find) in what is now British Columbia, but was once an ocean.

The sea worm was 10 centimeters long and had 50 spines (刺)on     2     (it) head. The spines could close suddenly     3     (catch) smaller sea creatures.

The scientists say it lived 500 million years ago and is very different     4     anything alive now. Derek Briggs is a scientist from Yale University. He led     5     research. He said the creature     6     (be) larger than today's similar worms. The arrow worms of today have teeth instead of spines.

Briggs said the worm was     7    (probable) a good hunter because it had so many spines. The scientists said it is difficult to find evidence of these prehistoric worms because their bodies decayed (腐烂)so quickly. But this     8     (discover) was in such good shape, so they were able to make a good guess about how the worm looked.

Researchers were able to make a     9     (detail) drawing of how they think the worm moved in the ocean. Doug Erwin works for the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C. He was not involved in the research. He said the breakthrough will help scientists     10    (well) understand the worms and other life from this ancient period than before.

2 . For centuries, elephants have played a big role in the world’s economies, culture and religion. The African elephant used to be found all over Africa and the Asian elephant moved from Syria to China to Indonesia. Nowadays, elephants are found in small groups in the south of the Sahara Desert and scarcely in Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka and India.

In the early twentieth century, there were close to ten million elephants, and now the elephant number is as low as 252,000 and expected to drop down to 160,000 by 2025. Between 2007 and 2014, the elephant population fell by at least 30%, or 144,000 elephants. As researchers have traveled over the African plains, they only spotted one herd of 36 elephants in an area like the size of Mexico. It is clear that these gentle mammals are disappearing right before our eyes.

There are many reasons why the elephant population has been decreasing, one of which is their habitat. Humans are competing with elephants for living space, and as more and more humans clear the land that is being used by elephants, the elephants have less space. Elephant hunting or “poaching” has been a major factor for the disappearance of this species, and they are killed only for their valuable ivory tusks. Although the trade of tusks is illegal, it is still a common practice in many places.

Often, all the local people living among elephants would be farmers, and found that they could make more money by selling the tusks of one elephant, than doing manual labor for twelve years. That alone makes it really hard to prevent them from killing the elephants.

Some places such as Botswana, have put in extra effort to protect their wildlife from poachers by founding their Botswana Defense Force, which is made up of around 700 specially-trained soldiers that are stationed in 40 different areas. You may feel worried about the present situations elephants are in, but there are ways to help. To find out how you can help elephant conservation, adopt an elephant, or donate, click here.

1. The numbers listed in Paragraph 2 show that       .

A．humans don’t care for elephants

B．elephants have been next to extinction

C．elephants have become gentler than before

D．elephants have gained more attention

2. What is the biggest factor for the disappearing elephants?

A．Less space.	B．A lack of food.
C．Suffering from a disease.	D．Elephant hunting.

3. Why is it hard to ban killing the elephants among the farmers?

A．Their tusks are profitable.

B．Elephants are destroying their fields cruelly.

C．Farmers hope to make a living by selling their meat.

D．Farmers practice their hunting skills by killing elephants.

4. What is the purpose of this text?

A．To persuade readers to make a donation.

B．To guide readers how to protect elephants.

C．To encourage readers to help protect elephants.

D．To introduce the decreasing number of elephants.

3 . 语法填空

It is well     1    (know) that global warming results from human burning fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some by-products of this process are called “greenhouse” gases,    2     which the most important one is carbon dioxide. These “greenhouse” gases can keep     3     earth warm enough for us to live on. However, when     4    (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide are put into the atmosphere, the global temperature tends     5     (go) up.

Although scientists have different opinions about the future effects of global     6    (warm), most believe that the temperature of the earth would increase by about 5 degrees over the next 100 years,    7     may cause the sea level to rise, bring about floods, storms, droughts, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of   species.    8     Hambley says more carbon dioxide will make plants grow     9     (quick)；crops will produce more and that it will encourage a greater range of animals.

Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. The climate     10    (keep) on warming for decades or centuries even if we start reducing the amount of greenhouse gases. What will be the future results of global warming? We wait and see.

4 . A green gym is a health club that focuses on running an environmentally conscious business in order to be more eco-friendly.     1    So a big part of being greener is having eco-friendly cleansers (清洁剂). Not only do they have a non-chemical smell but they also aren't made up of the harsh (刺激性强的) chemicals like many other cleansers. The gym may also use recycled paper items, such as recycled toilet paper, paper towels and tissues.

Considering the amount of electricity a gym uses, a green gym may have solar panels (太阳能电池板) to help use the sun's energy as well as reduce the electricity bill.     2     When they use certain machines, such as the bikes, the energy generated goes back into the gym’s network of electricity.

    3    One option is to use an energy-efficient washer and dryer for any cleaning. Another option is to use low-flow shower heads in the showers to reduce the amount of water used. Energy-efficient toilets in the bathroom are also a choice for reducing water use.

Part of becoming a green gym is using recycled exercise equipment.    4    It may also have the exercise floor made from recycled materials.

Before long, more gyms may find themselves shifting toward eco-friendly practices, even if it involves small changes. Some people may prefer going to a gym that has eco-friendly practices. A green gym will be great for the environment and for saving money.     5    

A．A green gym does a lot of cleaning for health purposes.

B．A green gym focuses on using as little water as possible.

C．People have many different reasons for joining a local green gym.

D．You must be willing to learn the business side of running a green gym.

E．Another way is for gym goers to supply energy that goes back to the gym.

F．For example, it may purchase exercise equipment made from recycled metal.

G．Meanwhile, it helps bring in new clients who find that type of business appealing.

5 . 假定你是李华，是校报的英语小记者。最近，你校组织开展“创建绿色校园”活动。请你针对这一活动，以“Building a Green Campus”为题写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.创建绿色校园的意义
2.一些校园浪费的现象
3.建绿色校园的建议并发出倡议
注意：1.词数120左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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6 . In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join “environment clubs(俱乐部)”. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do.

No-garbage (垃圾) lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school.

No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car. Not the students and not the teachers! Cars give pollution to our air, so remember: walk jump, bike and run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun..

Turn off the water! Did you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic (立方) meters of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In environment clubs, students mend those broken toilets. We love our environment. Let’s work together to make it clean.

1. From the passage we know the students usually have lunch________.

A．at school

B．in shops

C．in clubs

D．at home

2. After students mend toilets, they save ________.

A．a small river

B．a club

C．water in cubic meters

D．a toilet

3. The writer wrote the passage to ask the students to ________.

A．clean school

B．make less pollution

C．join clubs

D．help teachers

7 . Walking down a path through some woods in Georgia, I saw a small pool of water ahead on the path. I angled my direction to go around it on the part of the path that wasn't covered by water or mud. As I reached the pool, I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did nothing for the attack. It was so unpredictable and from somewhere totally unexpected. I was surprised as well as unhurt though I had been struck four or five times. I backed up a foot and my attacker stopped attacking me. Had I been hurt I wouldn't have found it amusing. And I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!
Having stopped, laughing, I took a step forward. My attacker rushed me again. He charged towards me at full speed, attempting to hurt me but in vain. For a second time, I took a step backwards while my attacker paused. I wasn't sure what to do. After all, it's just not everyday that one is attacked by a butterfly. I stepped back to look the situation over. My attacker moved back to land on the ground. That's when I discovered why my attacker was charging me only moments earlier. He had a mate and she was dying.
Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his concern for his mate. He had taken it up on himself to attack me for his mate's sake （缘故）, even though she was clearly dying and I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few precious moments of life, should I have been careless enough to step on her. His courage in attacking something thousands of times larger and heavier than himself just for his mate's safety seemed admirable. I couldn't do anything other than reward him by walking on the more difficult side of the pool. He had truly earned those moments to be with her, undisturbed.        
Since then, I've always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly whenever I see huge barriers facing me.
1. Why did the writer change his direction while walking down a path?

A．To get close to a butterfly.

B．To look over the bad situation.

C．To escape a sudden attack.

D．To avoid getting his shoes dirty.

2. What made the man feel funny?

A．Making the attacker pause.

B．Being attacked by a butterfly.

C．Being stepped on by his mate.

D．Discovering the energetic butterfly.

3. From this experience the man learned       .

A．what he should do when faced with trouble

B．people should show sympathy to the weak

C．how he should deal with attacks

D．people should protect butterflies

4. Which of the following words can best describe the butterfly?

A．Careless.

B．Amusing.

C．Courageous.

D．Aggressive.

8 . Floods

Basic safety Tips

● Turn around and don’t drown!

● Avoid walking or driving through flood waters.

● If there is a chance of flash floods, try to move to a higher place. Flash floods are the No. 1 cause of weather-related deaths.

If floodwaters rise around your car but the water is not moving, give up the car and move to higher ground. Do not leave the car enter moving water

Avoid camping or parking along streams, rivers during heavy rainfall. These areas can flood quickly with little warning.

Flood Watch

Steps to Take

● Turn on your TV/radio. You will receive the latest weather forecast and emergency instructions.

● Know where to go. You may need to reach higher ground quickly.

● Build or fill your emergency kit (应急装备) with something new. Include a flashlight, batteries, cash, and first-aid supplies.

● Bring in outdoor, furniture and move important indoor items to the highest possible floor. This is help protect them from flood damage.

● Disconnect (切断) electrical appliances and do not touch electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.

● If instructed, turn off your gas and electricity at the main switch or valve. This helps prevent fires and explosions.

Flood Warning

Steps to Take

● Move immediately to higher ground or stay on high ground.

● Avoid walking or driving through floodwaters. Turn around and don’t drown! Just 6 inches of moving water can knock you down and 2 feet of water can sweep your vehicle away.

After A flood

● Return home only when it is safe.

● Do not try to drive through areas that are still flooded.

● Photograph damage to your property (财产) for insurance purpose.

1. What shall we avoid during heavy rains according to the passage?

A．Staying under trees.

B．Taking part in outdoor activities.

C．Walking alone in the street.

D．Driving along the rivers.

2. What does “Flood Watch” tell us to do?

A．Be patient and take things easy.

B．Be friendly and get well organized.

C．Be brave and make wise decisions

D．Be careful and get well prepared.

3. When shall we go back home?

A．When we are sure it is no longer dangerous.

B．When we need to take pictures for insurance.

C．When the flood in our living area disappears.

D．When the gas and electricity supply are provided again.

4. Which part advises us to take action as quickly as possible?

A．Basic Safety Tips.	B．Flood Watch
C．Flood Warning.	D．After A Flood.