1 . You are supposed to fully consider any________(可能性) of defeat before stepping into business. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Does Takeaway Exist in Ancient China?

As early as in the Song Dynasty, “takeout” services were already available. In Zhang Zcduan's popular painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, there is a restaurant boy who has just come out of the shop with “to-go boxes” in his left hand and tableware （餐具） in his right, still     1     (wear) the shop apron and seeming to deliver the food somewhere. That image     2     (believe) to be a reflection of the original takeaway boy.

In ancient times, there were three ways to order food. The first is servant order. Send a family retainer （仆人） to go to a restaurant and make     3     order. When the food is ready, there is someone who     4     (particular) delivers the food to the customer's home, and then gets paid. The second is agreed delivery. Sign a long-term     5     (agree) with the restaurant. The store,    6    every agreed day, will pack the food well and send it to the customer's home. The last one is door-to-door selling. The sellers from restaurants sell the food door to door, especially in the entertainment places like theatres,    7     are crowded with many people.

The to-go box, wenpan (warm tray),     8     (consist) of two layers of porcelain. When     9     (use),   hot water is injected into the interlayer of the plate     10     (keep) the dishes warm. In this way, the dish is still warm when it arrives at the customer's home.

3 . Do You Have a Positive Attitude?

Who would you rather hang around with? Someone who always acts in low spirits? Or someone who manages to see the good around him，even when things aren't always going great?     1    

Having a positive attitude can help you in many ways.     2    Your friends will definitely appreciate you more if you see the silver lining rather than just the dark clouds!

    3    The less pressure you feel, the better you will feel overall. So if you've been feeling tired, put on a happy face and you just might feel better soon.

But how can you have a positive attitude when life is hard? It's more than just turning life's lemons into lemonade.     4    But it's worth it.

A positive attitude doesn't mean ignoring life's troubles. It just means looking for the good in things, rather than being a pessimist and concentrating on the bad in things. Sometimes your attitude can make all the difference.

Identify (识别) those areas of your life that might not be going so well.     5    Focus on one at a time and think of ways you can find the positive in things.

A．The answer is to have a positive attitude.

B．Having a positive attitude can take some hard work.

C．They are likely to make you have negative thoughts.

D．Having a positive attitude can also reduce your stress level.

E．If you have a positive attitude, you're more fun to be around.

F．When you feel better physically, you naturally feel better mentally.

G．It's no surprise that people enjoy being around positive people rather than negative people.

4 . When you're feeling low or even a little depressed, what do you want to do? The answer for most of us is not very much. Our natural response to a bad mood is to rest with our comfort of choice and hibernate (蛰伏) a bit.

But according to new science, the best way to fight off the depression is to force yourself to get out there and do something new. You might have to drag yourself off the sofa, but this research shows you'll be happier for the effort.

For the study, the research followed the daily movements of 122 study subjects, using the location-tracking features of their phones for three to four months. They also sent subjects regular text messages asking them to report on their mood.

The scientists discovered the more people visited new and different locations, the happier they felt both that day and the next. Variety and novelty seem to lift our mood. “We also find that if we feel better today, we're likely to move around and have more novel experiences and have more experiential diversity the following day," study coauthor and NYU psychology professor Catherine Hartley said.

"These results suggest a reciprocal link between the novel and diverse experiences we have during our daily exploration of our physical environments and our subjective sense of well-being." Hartley commented.

This isn't the first time science has linked new experiences with positive brain benefits. Previous studies have shown that new and challenging experiences light up learning centers in the brain. Just as experience has probably taught you, you learn a lot faster when you get outside your comfort zone. If you've been stuck at home a lot lately, it's no shock that you feel lazy. Your brain is missing out on the novelty and exploration it desires. The good news is, if you can force yourself to do something new, you'll feel you can grow smarter.

1. According to new science, what should we do to lift our spirits?

A．Explore the outside world	B．Have a complete rest
C．Choose to enjoy our hobbies	D．Stay in the comfort zone

2. How did the researchers conduct the study?

A．By phoning the subjects.

B．By analyzing the subjects' locations.

C．By referring to previous relevant studies.

D．By tracking the subjects' movements and moods.

3. “A reciprocal link" in Paragraph 5 means a link that proves ________.

A．strong but temporary	B．weak and indirect
C．beneficial to each other	D．suitable for each other

4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A．Novelty improves learning effectiveness.

B．It's harmful to get stuck at home too long.

C．Your brain desires novelty and exploration.

D．Exploration is linked with positive emotions.

5 . We all have problems and barriers (障碍) that prevent us from moving into new areas. When someone meets the problem which he can’t get over, he usually turns away and starts walking along a different path. Unluckily, soon he may get into another similar one. In this way, his life stays inside the same old cycles, in which he is unlikely to make progress or keep learning.

While others deal with problems by loving them instead of hating them. The word “love” means accepting your problems. The more we deny (否定) a problem, the stronger it seems to become. Only when we accept the fact can we find the useful ways to deal with it.

Suppose one of your barriers is taking a final exam. You fear that you will forget everything that you have remembered. One way of dealing with it is to pretend (假装) that you are not afraid—tell yourself “I’m not going to be scared ”and then try to force a smile on your face.

But compared with that, loving your fear actually works better. You just need to say to yourself, “I’m scared. But I’m going to take it easy. It is not only a problem, but also a chance for me to make progress.” By doing that, you allow yourself to be afraid and you can have a right understanding to your problem. You welcome your problem and face it in an active way. So there’s no doubt that you are more likely to overcome it completely.

It is impossible to live a life without problems. Loving them doesn’t mean hiding them. Instead, it means admitting the truth about them. This helps us take effective (有效的) actions, which can free us from the problems once and for all.

1. If our lives stay the same, we are unlikely to ________.

A．make progress or keep learning	B．deal with the problem
C．meet difficulties	D．force a smile on the face

2. When we meet a difficult problem, we should ________.

A．try to find a different path	B．avoid another similar problem
C．accept the problem first	D．try to deny the problem

3. What does the underlined word “admitting” mean?

A．Accepting.	B．Refusing.
C．Praising.	D．Remembering.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．How to Deal with a Problem	B．How to Make Progress
C．How to Avoid Difficulties	D．How to Become Confident

6 . I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．

Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child．

The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget．

In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．

1. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？

A．It would affect his/her initial plans．

B．It would involve traveling overseas．

C．It would not bring him/her a good grade．

D．It would not live up to his/her expectations．

2. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？

A．Images of Iraqi children．	B．Research by his/her classmates．
C．A teacher's introduction．	D．A representative's comments．

3. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.

A．become OIC volunteers	B．further their education
C．study in foreign countries	D．influence other children

4. What can we conclude from this passage？

A．One's potential cannot always be underrated．

B．First impression cannot always be trusted．

C．Actions speak louder than words．

D．He who hesitates is lost．

7 . Dozens of dolphins swam out of the polluted waters of Haifa Harbor on Tuesday. This was the first time that dolphins had visited this crowded Mediterranean Port, and researchers were surprised by the unexpected event.

Between 40 and 50 of the dolphins appeared in the busy port on Tuesday morning, obviously drawn by the fish-rich waters of Haifa Bay.

However, the bay is also full of harmful chemicals. Aviad Sheinin, professor of Haifa University’s Maritime Studies Department, said he didn’t think the dolphins were harmed by the pollution, but that he hoped they would swim back to the sea soon. “It seems that they are quite relaxed. They don’t seem to be stressed, ”he said.

Haifa Bay is lined by chemical companies that have been pouring poisonous waste into the water for decades. While pollution levels have dropped in recent years, the water is still considered a health hazard(隐患).

“There are lots of fishes in Haifa Port. Unfortunately, we couldn’t tell the dolphins that the fish are not healthy, and I don’t know what the result will be,” he told Israel Army Radio.

Hundreds of Haifa residents gathered around Haifa Bay to see the interesting sight, and researchers said this provided a rare chance to film and study the rough-toothed dolphins. In addition to the dozens of dolphins which swam into the port on Tuesday, a similar number stayed outside the breakwater (防波堤). Later Tuesday the dolphins left the port but remained near the entrance and Israel’s coastguard was patrolling (巡逻) the area to try to make sure the dolphins didn’t re-enter the poisonous waters.

Relatively little is known about rough-toothed dolphins, which are usually found in deep and warm tropical waters.

1. Which of the following reason makes Haifa Bay full of harmful chemicals?

A．unhealthy fish	B．ships
C．chemical companies	D．residents living nearby

2. What does Aviad Sheinin’s words suggest?

A．he is curious about the dolphins

B．the dolphins might affect the existence of fish in Haifa port

C．he will do research on the dolphins

D．he is uncertain about what will happen to the dolphins

3. What is the purpose of Israel’s coastguard deed?

A．protect the dolphins from the polluted waters

B．avoid traffic jam

C．deal with the harmful waters

D．prevent people killing dolphins

4. What does this passage mainly tell us?

A．dolphins are well protected in Israel

B．Haifa Bay is full of harmful chemicals

C．dolphins made a surprise visit to the polluted harbor

D．people love dolphins

8 . You listen to music every day. Some music hits your hearts. Some music makes you full of joy.     1     . In order to analyse functions of music, let’s see the benefits it brings.

Music makes you express your emotion

    2    . This way your brain convey the thoughts without speaking a word. When we try to express some sad emotion, you well use soft and deep music.

    3    .

Music is an extremely unique way to develop the capability of memorising. The best example to prove this sentence is that you can easily learn something in the form of songs. The reason behind learning a song quickly is that your mind enjoys music. Whatever your minds enjoy, it keeps it.

Music makes you creative

Music is key to creativity, it helps you in improving you mind by making it more artistic. No matter what the great invention is, it requires art. Creativity and imagination that is fulfilled by music.     4    .

Music improves your fine reasoning skills

During a study of children, it was shown that if children are exposed to three or more years of musical training, these same kids performed better.     5    . They had better listening and speaking skills than those who had none. The children even tested better for vocabulary and reasoning skills.

A．This was the result

B．Because music is an art of beauty

C．Music makes you live a better life

D．Music makes learning more pleasant

E．Some music makes you burst into tears

F．You should choose some kind of music with powerful beats

G．You usually play the music that reflects your thoughts or your emotions

9 . A Take a view, the Landscape(风景)Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today’s most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.

Mike Shepherd(2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England

It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image(图像).

Timothy Smith(2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England

I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.

1. Who would most probably enter for Take a view?

A．Writers.

B．Photographers.

C．Painters.

D．Tourists.

2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?

A．They are winter images.

B．They are in black and white.

C．They show mountainous scenes.

D．They focus on snow—covered forests.

3. Where can the text be found?

A．In a history book.

B．In a novel.

C．In an art magazine.

D．In a biography.

10 . Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.

Yellow Hostel

If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.

Hostel Alessandro Palace

If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.

Youth Station Hostel

If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.

1. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?

A．Comfort.	B．Security.
C．Price.	D．Location.

2. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?

A．Yellow Hostel.	B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.	D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.

3. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?

A．It gets noisy at night.	B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi-Fi.	D．It’s inconveniently located.