1 . How many friends do you have? Not counting the hundreds on Facebook or the names gathering dust in your address book. But real friends, the ones cast in stone. The kind who would lend you $100 without asking why, or put you up if you were kicked out of your house.

Anthropologist Prof Robin Dunbar feels he can put a number on it: five. No matter how much of a social butterfly you are, you can count your real pals on one hand, he says. To that he says you can add an ideal number of 15 “good friends”, the kind of people you would see in a group and would join for a drink if you bumped into them in the pub, and up to 150 “meaningful contacts”.

Prof Dunbar’s latest research is an exact formula(公式) for friendship: new friendships take 34 hours of one-on-one time to form, in which you’d spend an ideal duration of three hours and four minutes per interaction together over the course of six months. Note that this is to turn an acquaintance into a friend, not one of the close friends that makes up your inner circle of five—to do that, you’d have to devote 90 hours, according to a 2018 University of Kansas study.

According to the experts, the pandemic years have changed the number and nature of our friendship. It gave people more grounds for disagreement: over adherence(遵守) to social-distancing rules, for example. Plenty of people lost relationships in the cracks. “We are always on the outlook for new and better friends, but lockdown has had a big effect in making people reevaluate,” says Dunbar. “Perhaps they’ve decided the time has come to part with some and therefore there’s an empty space to fill.”

The forecast for British friendship was already gloomy before the pandemic. Three million people said they feel lonely “often or always”, according to the Government’s 2019 community life survey. But the average British adult lost four friends over the course of the pandemic, according to the poll.

1. What does the underlined expression “cast in stone” probably mean?

A．Firmly connected.	B．Interested in stones.
C．Living nearby.	D．Extremely generous.

2. How long does it take to form close friendships according to the formula?

A．34 hours of one-on-one time.

B．90 hours of interaction.

C．Six months of one-on-one time.

D．Three hours and four minutes of interaction.

3. Which of the following might Prof Dunbar agree with?

A．The more sociable you are, the more real friends you can make.

B．It’s much easier for people to make friends online.

C．The more friends you make, the happier your life will be.

D．There is a limit to the number of real friends in your life.

4. What might people argue about during the pandemic?

A．Whether to part with some old friends.

B．How to make better friends.

C．Whether to obey social distancing.

D．How to limit the number of friends.

2 . 假设你是李华，下面是你的笔友Jenny给你发来的一封邮件。

Dear Li Hua, How are you? A new law has been passed in my city. Smoking is banned in public places. I think it is a wise decision. Do you think so? Best wishes, Jenny

请根据邮件内容给她回复，要点如下：
1. 表明你的观点；
2. 给出理由（至少两点）；
3. 得出结论。
注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,

I’m happy to receive your email.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes,

Li Hua

3 . 汉译英
1. 占据(v)
2. 焦虑（n）
3. 矛盾（n）
4. 危机（n）
5. 短缺（n）
6. 战胜（V）
7. 估算（V）
8. 名望，名誉（n）
9. 普遍的（adj）
10. 极其重要的（adj）

4 . 汉译英
1. 连续猛击（n,v）
2. 采用（n）
3. 自行车(n,v)
4. 游荡(n,v)
5. 壮丽的，雄伟的(adj)
6. 娱乐(n)
7. 赞成(v)
8. 使用，雇佣(v)
9. 较喜欢，选择，有利于(n,v)
10. 冲突(v)

5 . Chongqing, a city of more than 32 million people, faced an unheard-of test this summer with a heat wave and drought causing a series of large wildfires since Aug 17.

Local residents have safeguarded their hometown in every way possible, with thousands of volunteers from all walks of life fighting the fires with professionals.

Under a very hot sun, some residents used chain saws(锯) to fell trees to make fire barriers. Others rode motorcycles on newly formed paths to take firefighters and supplies up a mountain, while some volunteers carried food and drinks on their backs by foot. Women and children helped organize supplies and clear the ground, and performed other essential tasks.

On Thursday night, as wildfires approached a man-made barrier on Jinyun Mountain in Beibei district, a total of more than 1000 firefighters and volunteers stood alongside the barrier with fire extinguishers. Seen from overhead, their lights formed a silver wall against the raging fire.

The residents’ stories have touched many people.

“Chongqing people are really amazing.“ said Du Hailang, head of the Beijing Emergency Rescue Association, an NGO founded in 2007 that has taken part in many overseas rescue operations. Du and 10 other members of the association joined the fire rescue team in Chongqing last week.

“The man-made wall was unbelievable, but shocking. It really showed Chinese people’s determination to defend their homeland.” Du said.

The outstanding work of the volunteers and the hospitality of local residents impressed the firefighters, too···

Bai Xueguang, from Gansu Forest Fire Brigade, said, “I never imagined that I would have ice cream and cold drinks at a fire rescue site.”

Zhou Hongyu, from Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade, said every volunteer he met at the scene asked him if he needed anything “It was the first time I had taken a motorcycle to reach a fire scene. We really appreciate the locals’ hospitality. Their support has been wonderful.” Zhou said.

1. What test that never had happened before did Chongqing face this summer?

A．A heat wave.

B．Drought.

C．Wildfires

D．Flood.

2. Why did the local residents actively participate in fighting the fires?

A．To show their enthusiasm.	B．To impress professional firefighters.
C．To get paid from it.	D．To protect their homeland.

3. Which of the following best describes the volunteers in the fight against wildfires?

A．Responsible and helpful	B．Enthusiastic and faithful
C．Reliable and honest	D．Ambitious and determined

4. What can we learn from the report?

A．No pains, no gains.	B．Hard work pays off.
C．Love breaks down barriers.	D．Many hands make light work.

6 . It is widely ________(承认)that nearly every kid might come across some kind of school bullying, however, the age at which kids first fall victim to bullying can influence how strongly they are affected. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）

7 . A Nighttime Adventure at the Natural History Museum

The crowds are gone, and the doors have closed. Finally, one of the world’s most popular museums is your playground until nearly midnight! Join other night owls (夜猫子) as you immerse (使沉浸) yourself in a unique experience. Wander through the Natural History Museum’s galleries, brushed by giant shadows cast by dinosaurs, exploring the Earth’s past, discovering the wonders of the ocean, and more.

Schedule

* 6:30-6:50 p.m. Check-in

*7 p.m.Orientation (情况介绍)

* 11 p.m. Program ends, depart from the museum

Registration (登记)

This event is intended for children aged 8-14 and their adults (21 or older). There must be at least one adult for every five kids in any group that registers.

*Ticket sales will end at 12 a.m. on Friday, October 28, 2022. Tickets must be purchased in advance; no door sales.

* Ticket price is for each person attending. $70 for members / $85 for non-members.

* Group sales are available for 10 or more people for $50 per person. Call 202-633-3030 during regular business hours to take advantage.

Rules

To make everyone’s evening enjoyable, we require that guests follow these rules:

* Guests are strongly encouraged to eat dinner before arriving for the program.

* All participants must attend orientation, which starts at 7:00 p.m. in the café.

* No food or drink is allowed outside of the café.

* Running and shouting are not permitted in the museum.

* Adults must stay with their children throughout the entire event.

* Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.

* Cell phones should be put on silent mode (静音模式).

1. How much should three adults and eight children pay for the adventure?

A．$ 770.

B．$ 550.

C．$ 935.

D．$ 765.

2. What are children forbidden from doing in the museum?

A．Exploring the museum alone.	B．Eating in the café.
C．Touching the exhibits.	D．Taking cell phones with them.

3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?

A．A travel brochure.	B．A textbook.
C．A novel.	D．A report.

8 . The novel published last month, ________ author was a 15-year-old girl, is a best-seller.

A．which

B．who

C．when

D．whose

9 . On his way to the airport one afternoon, Phillip asked the driver to wait outside the bank while he collected some traveler ‘s checks.

The plane was to _______at 5:30. From the bank, there was still a _______journey to the airport _______Philip merely enjoyed the scene along the way. Shortly before arriving, he began _______the things he would need for the_______: tickets, money, the address of his hotel, traveler’s checks… Just a moment! How about his passport? Phillip went through his pockets. He suddenly _______that he must have left his passport _______.

What could he do?   It was now five past four and there would be too little _______to return for the passport. This was the _______time he was representing his company for an important meeting ________the manager of a Frenchcompany in Paris the following morning.Without a passport he would be ________to board the plane. At that moment,the taxi ________outside the air terminal. Phillip got ________, took his suitcase and paid the driver. He then ________a gooddeal of confusion in the building.A ________could be heard over the loudspeaker, “We very much ________ that because   of   a   twenty-four-hour strike of   the   airport   staff,   all flights for the rest of today have had to be called off.”   Passengers are ________ to get in touch with their travel agents or with this terminal for ________on tomorrow’s   flights. Phillip was very glad to hear that.   He would let his company know about this   ________and,   thank goodness,   he would have the opportunity of calling at the bank the next morning to ________   his passport .

1.

A．check in

B．lead off

C．take off

D．go up

2.

A．long

B．short

C．pleasant

D．rough

3.

A．as

B．so

C．but

D．because

4.

A．buying

B．taking

C．putting

D．checking

5.

A．plane

B．trip

C．company

D．flight

6.

A．realized

B．promised

C．recognized

D．suggested

7.

A．at home

B．at the bank

C．at the office

D．in the taxi

8.

A．time

B．chance

C．possibility

D．use

9.

A．golden

B．last

C．only

D．first

10.

A．in

B．to

C．at

D．with

11.

A．sad

B．unable

C．nervous

D．difficult

12.

A．stopped

B．ran

C．went

D．opened

13.

A．off

B．back

C．out

D．away

14.

A．started

B．caught

C．noticed

D．left

15.

A．speech

B．signal

C．call

D．voice

16.

A．apologize

B．announce

C．worry

D．regret

17.

A．advised

B．forced

C．allowed

D．persuaded

18.

A．ideas

B．plans

C．information

D．time

19.

A．person

B．situation

C．place

D．airport

20.

A．return

B．show

C．recover

D．change

10 . ______ that the stone bridge has been standing there for over 2000 years.

A．It is amazing	B．That is amazing
C．Which is amazing	D．What is amazing