1 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。只允许修改10处，从第11处起不计分。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在该词下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Since I was little, I’ve been larger than other girl. I hated a way I looked. My anxiety drives me to try every means to lose weight, dieting and weight-loss pills including. This only brought me pain and poor health. Everything changed the moment when I came across the story a plus-size model, Tess Holliday. Although she’s larger than most other models, she has the confidence to be her. Her story has changed my ideas about that it means to be beautiful. My health, mentally and physical, is the most important thing. Isn’t it better that I’m large and happy, instead of skinny and healthy?

2 . Book clubs are a great way to meet people who share a common love for reading.     1    . But it will all be worth it when your members gather for the first meeting.

    2    .

Some book clubs are mainly meant to be fun and relaxed. Members would talk about the story and feelings about the story, but it wouldn’t be a problem if the conversation got carried away from the book. Other book clubs are more serious and highly academic. They would be more focused on meaning, plot, and character.

Choose a location for your club.

Book clubs are typically held at meeting points, like homes, bookstores, or the local library. The meetings can change location sometimes.     3    . Contact the location to inquire about holding your book club there, or ask potential members if they could commit to hosting a club every now and then.

Go for an online club if you don’t have a location to meet.

If a physical meeting point isn’t an option, you might also have an online book club.     4    . An online meeting point is also a good option because it allows people from all over the world to join the club.

Find a core group of people with a passion for reading.

They could be friends, family, or people you know through various activities, but they should all love to read. Also, make sure that this group of members can commit to meetings on a regular basis. If you plan to have your book club at a physical location, invite people who live close to you. You can invite anyone to an online book club,     5    .

A．if they are keen on reading

B．They take some efforts to organize

C．Choose the types of books to read and discuss

D．Decide how academic or social your book club will be

E．But it is usually easier to keep them at one or a few regular places

F．as long as the people who want to join have reliable Internet access

G．You can discuss books on a chat room, social media apps, or group video chats

3 . Apologizing for a mistake might seem difficult, but it will help you repair and improve your relationships with others after that offense (冒犯).

Acknowledge the offense. This is an essential element of a good apology.     1    Apologies are most likely to be well-received if you show that you recognize who was responsible and who was harmed. For example, saying “I made a mistake” is more effective than saying“mistakes were made”, which fails to clarify responsibility.

    2    In some cases, it’s helpful to explain an offense, especially to explain that it was not intentional and that it will not happen again. But explanations that are long-winded, sound like excuses, or blame the victim (e. g. You were really getting on my nerves.) tend to have an opposite effect.

Express regret.    3     Expressing these feelings communicates that you recognize and regret the suffering you caused. Be careful of phrases like “That was uncharacteristic of me.”     4     Instead, acknowledge your disappointment in yourself and your commitment to improve.

Tell them how you’ll change. Let them know how you’ll change and what you’d do to make that possible. For instance, if you’ve been late once again, instead of just apologizing, share how you’d keep an early alarm to be on time!     5    

A．Provide a proper explanation.

B．Express your intention clearly.

C．But many apologies don’t do this enough.

D．When you hurt someone, it’s natural to feel shame or regret.

E．A true apology is one where you promise it won’t be repeated again.

F．This might show that you aren’t taking full ownership for what happened.

G．This will enable you to know what means the most to the offended person.

4 . Water poisoning is caused by too much consumption of water during a short period of time. Water in and of itself is not poisonous by any means, but rapid intake of a large quantity of water can break the careful balance of sodium(钠)in the body fluids(体液). This contributes to a swelling of the cells, often in the central nervous system, including the brain.

When the cells can no longer bear the pressure, they can begin to die. This is indicated in serious forms of water poisoning. Symptoms of this condition include vomiting, headache and unresponsiveness. When the sodium in the blood falls to dangerous levels, brain damage and possibly death may occur.

What is a fatal(致命的)amount of water can vary from person to person, depending on one’s state of health, his or her physical activity at the time, the temperature and the amount of time in which the person consumes the water. For some, a one-time consumption of three liters can prove deadly. Although the person consuming the water may lose a lot of fluid during heavy labor or exercise, the electrolytes(电解质)are not replaced fast enough to avoid water poisoning.

Those particularly at risk for water poisoning are athletes engaged in long distance running like a marathon. Due to the need to replace large quantities of lost fluid, runners must drink a lot of water. This can lead to poisoning, so runners must replace their fluids with sports drinks that have added electrolytes. Other factors that contribute to water poisoning include activities that stimulate heavy sweating. The person working under extreme heat or intense humidity(湿气)must be careful when consuming water in order to maintain electrolyte balance. Mental diseases can also lead to water poisoning. Psychogenic polydipsia is a condition in which the affected person feels a need to drink a lot of water for unknown reasons.

1. What harm does water poisoning bring?

A．It can affect brain function.	B．It disturbs the balance of sodium.
C．It causes a drop in blood pressure.	D．It tends to make its victims nervous.

2. What can we know about proper amount of water to drink?

A．Three liters per day is deadly.	B．No single rule fits everyone.
C．It doesn’t bother healthy people.	D．Physical activity is its decisive factor.

3. Who would probably fall victim to water poisoning?

A．A patient suffering from stomachache.

B．A laborer working with heavy sweating.

C．An athlete fond of drinking sports drinks.

D．A teenager doing appropriate exercise daily.

4. What might be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A．What has been found about sports drinks.

B．What else contributes to water poisoning.

C．What are the symptoms of water poisoning.

D．What can be done to avoid water poisoning.

5 . We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an interruption? The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.

Using a set of controlled audio clips (录音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.

Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.

The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.

“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”

1. What does Hilton’s research focus on?

A．What interruptions mean to people.

B．Whether interruption is good or not.

C．How to avoid getting interrupted.

D．Why speakers interrupt each other.

2. What do participants of the study need to do?

A．Record an audio clip.	B．Answer some questions.
C．Listen to one another.	D．Have a chat with a friend.

3. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat?

A．It’s important.	B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s inefficient.	D．It’s impolite.

4. What can we learn from Hilton’s research?

A．Human interaction is complex.

B．Communication is the basis of life.

C．Interruptions promote thinking.

D．Language barriers will always exist.

6 . For years, David James, who studies insects at Washington State University, had wanted to examine the migration (迁徙)patterns of West Coast monarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶). The route the butterflies travel has been hardly known because the populations are too small to follow. For every 200 monarchs tagged (打标签)by a researcher, only one is usually recovered at the end of its trip, James says, and finding even 200 in the wild to tag is unlikely. Knowing the route is vital to conservation efforts, but James had no way to figure it out- until he got a phone call from Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla.

The prison was looking for new activities to improve the mental health of those serving long-term sentences. So James began working with prisoners to raise monarchs through the whole process of their transformation. The adult insects were then tagged and released from the prison. Over five years, nearly 10, 000 monarchs flew from the facility. Elsewhere in Washington, Oregon and Idaho, researchers released another few thousand.

The tags included email addresses, and soon after the first butterflies took off, James started receiving messages from people who had spotted them. The butterflies, the reports confirmed, wintered in coastal California. Twelve of them landed at Lighthouse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several more headed to Bolinas and Morro Bay.

The work helps researchers identify ideal places to plant milkweed and other vegetation that are important to the life cycle of West Coast monarch butterflies. It also brought out the gentler side of some of the prisoners. “They were very worried that they were going to harm the butterflies, ”James says. Watching the monarch change their form also touched the men. “This butterfly changed, ” James recalls prisoners telling him, “and maybe we can too. ”

1. What was hard for David to do in his study?

A．Gain financial support.	B．Hire qualified workers.
C．Build a new laboratory.	D．Find enough monarchs.

2. Why are the butterflies tagged before being released?

A．To guarantee their safety.

B．To enable them to fly longer distances.

C．To track their travel routes.

D．To distinguish them from other species.

3. What makes the prisoners feel that they can change?

A．The patience the butterflies showed.

B．The hardship the butterflies underwent.

C．The transformation of the butterflies.

D．The devotion of James to the butterflies.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The impact of the research.

B．The findings of James’ study.

C．The release of the prisoners.

D．The life cycle of the butterflies.

7 . Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why?

For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制). Elephants have an amazing 20 copies of this gene. Those copies, each with two variations produce a total of 40 proteins, compared with humans’ (and most animals’) single copy producing two proteins.

In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive. Without action from p53, cancer can easily take hold: in more than half of all human cancers, the gene’s function has been lost through random mutations.

The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.

These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.

Study co-author Robin Fahraeus and his colleagues are now following up on these results using blood samples from an African elephant at the Vienna Zoo. They are exploring how its p53 proteins interact with damaged cells and plan to compare those findings with results from human cells.

1. What does the underlined word “initiating” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Delaying.	B．Indicating.
C．Stopping.	D．Starting.

2. How do p53 copies free elephants from cancer?

A．By preventing the replication thoroughly.

B．By providing precise response continuously.

C．By lowering the chance of mutations in advance.

D．By repairing the damaged cells in the same way.

3. What can we conclude from the last 2 paragraphs?

A．The results need further tests.

B．More biologists will participate in the study.

C．The results throw light on humans’ fighting cancer.

D．Researchers have new findings in African elephants.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Why elephants don’t get cancer.

B．What contributes to elephants’ long life.

C．Where the anticancer breakthrough lies.

D．How the key cancer-fighting gene works.

8 . 假定你是李华，你班以“The Choice of My College Major”为主题开展了一次英语交流会，在会上老师请同学们介绍自己想选择的大学专业，请你根据以下内容写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.你想选的专业；
2.选择该专业的原因。
注意：1.词数不少于100；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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9 . Foreign universities and education have always attracted students.     1     However, there is always confusion in students’ minds. Well, this article will give you the best information about how to apply for foreign universities.

    2     Even if you aim for a particular university, you should always have your options open and apply to a minimum of three institutions, even if they are situated in varying locations.

Find out how to apply. You can apply directly through the institution’s website and submit all your documents online. Some universities may require you to send documents via post.     3    

Write your motivation letter nicely. Make sure that you write a motivation letter, if required, in the proper format and make it as unique as possible to stand out. Be honest in your explanations and experiences.

Paperwork is vital.     4     They must be legally verified (核实) as well. Do not miss any crucial documents and keep everything ready as early as possible.

Keep specific regulations in mind. Some countries have guidelines for international aspirants (有抱负的人). Many EU nations need entrance examinations, while some institutions require portolios (作品选辑) or personal interviews. Most universities in the UK only take applications via UCAS for undergraduate degrees, while universities take direct applications for postgraduate degrees or via UKPASS.     5     And contact the officers at universities well before submitting all your documents.

A．Always keep options in hand.

B．Decide on a particular university

C．They want to go there to pursue the best academic course in the world.

D．You may also have to apply through platforms in some countries.

E．If you want to study in the USA, start searching for a programme at least a year before applying.

F．Many foreign universities will have entrance exams in addition to application deadlines.

G．All documents require translations into the official language of the country you are applying to.

10 . As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, healthcare workers continue to risk their lives to treat patients. Under the current system, diagnosing, monitoring, and managing COVID-19 are contributing to its spread through contact. In an effort to improve this situation, data analytics company SDG Group has announced a new smartphone application called Docdot to help doctors collect relevant clinical data through telemonitoring.

Docdot uses facial recognition technology on smartphone cameras to detect a patient’s vita signs and process them using artificial intelligence. This recognition and processing technology (photoplethysmography) was developed by Binah. ai. It enables smartphone cameras to use the light reflected by blood vessels (血管) under the skin to detect and record changes in the volume of blood flowing in blood vessels under the skin, and that occur due to variations in respiration (呼 吸), blood pressure, etc. The app converts this into measurements reportedly 90 percent as accurate as hospital-grade monitors.

Docdot enables people to look into their smartphone’s screen and share early indicators of infection .It gives health workers the information they need to triage (分诊) patients at a safe distance, preventing unnecessary visits to hospitals and reducing the risk of exposure among health workers and patients. This maximizes the availability of healthcare resources for those who need them most, and contributes to slowing the spread of the virus.

“Use of this technology for virus monitoring and detection is new,” says Heather Beardmore, SDG Group UK chief executive. “This healthcare innovation is the first remote-monitoring and triage tool with potential to transform diagnosis and management.” It is also recognized by World Health Organization (WHO) and Forbes as being one of the most innovative digital health solutions worldwide. Docdot has undergone clinical trials in Canada India and Japan, and is now used in the USA hospitals.

1. What is the function of Docdot?

A．To manage COVID-19 effectively.

B．To detect COVID-19 patients accurately.

C．To monitor COVID-19 patients remotely.

D．To treat COVID-19 patients successfully.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．How Docdot works.

B．How to use Docdot.

C．Where to use Docdot.

D．What advantages Docdot has.

3. What is Heather Beardmore’s attitude to the app?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Skeptical.

D．Indifferent.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Effective Measures Against COVID-19

B．Global Cooperation Against COVID-19

C．Doctors — Heroes who Fight COVID-19

D．Docdot — A Mobile App that Helps Doctor