1 . 根据语境写出黑体词的汉语意思
1. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.________
2. Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance.________
3. Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.________
4. As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games — and win.________
5. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.________
6. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.________
7. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.________
8. My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.________
9. The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.________
10. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.________

2 . 英译汉
1. balance________________
2. novel ________________
3. death________________
4. chart________________
5. goal________________
6. factor________________
7. data________________
8. master________________
9. power________________
10. disappear ________________

4 . 这本科幻小说开阔孩子们在科技方面的眼界，值得推荐。(open) (汉译英)
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5 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.   Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. chaos        B. consume        C. plentiful       D. discharge        E. evolutionarily     F. extent G. freeze   H. mechanism       I. novel          J. subsequently     K. unstable

Science in Images

Oyster mushrooms feature in cuisines around the world, but they should be off the menu for hungry worms -- which these delicious mushrooms will kill and eat. Now researchers finally know how they do it.

A study published in Science Advances details how oyster mushrooms use a particular poisonous substance to freeze and get rid of mushroom-eating roundworms called nematodes (线虫). The mushrooms, which grow on nutrient-poor dead wood, then     1     the worms for nutrition.

“Nematodes happen to be the most     2     animals these mushrooms encounter. So I think,     3    , this cross-kingdom interaction is very interesting,” says study senior author.

The study team of geneticists, biochemists and biologists had previously found that oyster mushrooms release an unidentified poisonous substance that will somehow     4     the worms within minutes and cause a chemical element to flow into their cells, killing them. This     5     differs from those used by other meat-eating mushrooms and could be unique to oyster mushrooms.

For their new work, the researchers grew and analyzed samples of the mushroom’s tissue, finding no noticeable poison even when they broke it up. They reasoned that whatever was killing the worms must be a kind of     6     compound that disappears into air when disturbed. When they damaged the oyster mushroom tissue again and     7     analyzed the nearby air, they finally found a nerve gas that turned out to be contained with tiny, special-shaped structures on the mushroom surface. When nematodes touch the mushrooms, these structures     8     their gas, disturbing the worms’ cell walls to cause immobility and death. The worm is then digested by the mushrooms.

Before this study, “we underestimated the     9     to which wild mushrooms defend against or consume nematodes,” notes Nick Talbot, a geneticist at Sainsbury Laboratory in Norwich, England. The study demonstrates “a very     10     approach,” he adds. “These organisms are really difficult to work on, and Dr. Hsueh is showing that you can do some really amazing work with them.”

6 . 由这部小说改编的电影在上世纪九十年代受到年轻人的追捧。(adapt)
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7 . 这本小说已被认为是中国文学最成功的电视改编作品之一。(汉译英)
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8 . 熟词生义
1. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. ________________
2. Tu Youyou discovered a novel method to extract the useful substance. ________________
3. Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them. ________________